Review
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Stephen Gourlay, Tor Raubenheimer, Vladimir Shiltsev
Summary: This paper provides an overview of the current state of particle physics accelerators, describes some of the major proposed facilities, and discusses the challenges and directions for accelerator research.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
D. Magano, A. Kumar, M. Kalis, A. Locans, A. Glos, S. Pratapsi, G. Quinta, M. Dimitrijevs, A. Rivoss, P. Bargassa, J. Seixas, A. Ambainis, Y. Omar
Summary: To investigate the nature of matter and its interactions, scientists accelerate particles and collide them inside detectors, generating scattered particles in all directions. By analyzing the signals left by charged particles passing through the detector, the original trajectories can be recovered. As accelerator luminosity increases, leading to more complex collision events, the data analysis task becomes more challenging. Researchers have found that quantum search algorithms can reduce the computational complexity of some routines, providing the first rigorous evidence of a quantum advantage for high-energy physics data processing tasks.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
M. Bohman, V. Grunhofer, C. Smorra, M. Wiesinger, C. Will, M. J. Borchert, J. A. Devlin, S. Erlewein, M. Fleck, S. Gavranovic, J. Harrington, B. Latacz, A. Mooser, D. Popper, E. Wursten, K. Blaum, Y. Matsuda, C. Ospelkaus, W. Quint, J. Walz, S. Ulmer
Summary: The article introduces a new method to cool a single proton efficiently by resonantly coupling laser-cooled Be+ ions through a superconducting LC circuit. The application of this technique also helps to improve the precision of matter-antimatter comparisons and drive the exploration of dark matter.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Reinhard Schulte, Carol Johnstone, Salime Boucher, Eric Esarey, Cameron G. R. Geddes, Maksim Kravchenko, Sergey Kutsaev, Billy W. Loo, Francois Meot, Brahim Mustapha, Kei Nakamura, Emilio A. Nanni, Lieselotte Obst-Huebl, Stephen E. Sampayan, Carl B. Schroeder, Ke Sheng, Antoine M. Snijders, Emma Snively, Sami G. Tantawi, Jeroen Van Tilborg
Summary: We report on the application of new accelerator technology in FLASH radiation therapy. FLASH radiation therapy may have significant advantages in cancer treatment by sparing normal tissues and overcoming the issue of tumors in motion. However, there are technical challenges in creating the required dose rates with novel compact accelerators for safe delivery of FLASH radiation beams.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Nicole Neveu, Tyler H. Chang, Paris Franz, Stephen Hudson, Jeffrey Larson
Summary: Particle accelerators are complex systems with numerous components and wide input ranges, making optimization a challenging task. The use of heuristic optimization methods, such as genetic algorithms and particle swarm optimization, has become prevalent in the field of accelerator physics. However, their efficiency is limited by the large number of simulation evaluations required. In this study, the LCLS-II photoinjector was optimized using three different algorithms, with the Latin hypercube samples outperforming the uniform samples. Model-based methods approximated the Pareto front with fewer simulation evaluations. This work highlights the importance of objective penalties and recommends heuristic methods for initial optimizations and model-based methods when information about the objective space is available.
COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nenad Bundaleski, Carolina F. Adame, Eduardo Alves, Nuno P. Barradas, Maria F. Cerqueira, Jonas Deuermeier, Yorick Delaup, Ana M. Ferraria, Isabel M. M. Ferreira, Holger Neupert, Marcel Himmerlich, Ana Maria M. B. do Rego, Martino Rimoldi, Orlando M. N. D. Teodoro, Mikhail Vasilevskiy, Pedro Costa Pinto
Summary: There has been growing interest in using amorphous carbon thin films with low secondary electron yield (SEY) to reduce electron multipacting in particle accelerators and RF devices. Previous studies have shown that the SEY increases with the amount of hydrogen and is correlated with the Tauc gap. In this study, films produced by magnetron sputtering with varying amounts of hydrogen and deuterium were analyzed, and it was found that the maximal SEY decreases with the fraction of the graphitic phase in the films.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Paola La Marca, Marco Tarabini, Philippe Lerch, Alexander Gabard, Giuseppe Montenero, Ciro Calzolaio
Summary: This article proposes a general method for modeling and simulating the process of magnetic field mapping by combining bench position uncertainty with magnetic measurements' uncertainty. The method numerically estimates positioning uncertainty and combines it with magnetic measurement uncertainty, validated in a specific case to help define positioning system characteristics during the design phase.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Alessandro Gabrielli, Fabrizio Alfonsi, Alberto Annovi, Alessandra Camplani, Alessandro Cerri
Summary: FPGA technology has shown high computational performance in various applications, particularly suitable for high real-time requirements such as medical image analysis and high-energy physics particle trajectory recognition. This paper demonstrates the hardware implementation of complex algorithms using FPGA, proving that this technique can be accelerated not only through software-based systems, but also through consumer hardware devices. Xilinx UltraScale+ FPGA, as a member of the frontier family devices on the market, features high clock frequencies and acceptable energy consumption.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Carlos Salgado-Lopez, Jon Imanol Apinaniz, Jose Luis Henares, Jose Antonio Perez-Hernandez, Diego de Luis, Luca Volpe, Giancarlo Gatti
Summary: This study presents an angle-resolved Thomson parabola spectrometer for laser-accelerated ion beams, capable of distinguishing between different ionic species based on charge-to-mass ratio. The spectrometer offers high repetition rate compatibility and adjustable angular resolving power, enhancing flexibility and capabilities of ion detection through magnetic field characterization and trajectory calculation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
C. J. Baker, W. Bertsche, A. Capra, C. Carruth, C. L. Cesar, M. Charlton, A. Christensen, R. Collister, A. Cridland Mathad, S. Eriksson, A. Evans, N. Evetts, J. Fajans, T. Friesen, M. C. Fujiwara, D. R. Gill, P. Grandemange, P. Granum, J. S. Hangst, W. N. Hardy, M. E. Hayden, D. Hodgkinson, E. Hunter, C. A. Isaac, M. A. Johnson, J. M. Jones, S. A. Jones, S. Jonsell, A. Khramov, P. Knapp, L. Kurchaninov, N. Madsen, D. Maxwell, J. T. K. McKenna, S. Menary, J. M. Michan, T. Momose, P. S. Mullan, J. J. Munich, K. Olchanski, A. Olin, J. Peszka, A. Powell, P. Pusa, C. O. Rasmussen, F. Robicheaux, R. L. Sacramento, M. Sameed, E. Sarid, D. M. Silveira, D. M. Starko, C. So, G. Stutter, T. D. Tharp, A. Thibeault, R. I. Thompson, D. P. van der Werf, J. S. Wurtele
Summary: Laser cooling, a widely-used technique in various fields, has now been successfully applied to anti-hydrogen atoms, leading to significant advancements in antimatter research. By using pulsed, narrow-linewidth laser radiation, researchers were able to Doppler-cool a sample of magnetically trapped anti-hydrogen, demonstrating the ability to manipulate the motion of anti-atoms with laser light and opening up groundbreaking opportunities for future experiments.
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
D. Winklehner, A. Adelmann, J. R. Alonso, L. Calabretta, H. Okuno, T. Planche, M. Haj Tahar
Summary: This article reports on the state of research on High-Power Fixed-Field Accelerators (with a focus on cyclotrons) as discussed by international experts during a workshop in 2021. The article evaluates the global inventory of high-power fixed-field accelerators, assesses available beam currents and powers, and discusses their applications in particle physics and industry. It also highlights novel concepts and cutting-edge developments to increase current and relative power, as well as modern computational frameworks for optimizing accelerators and simulations.
JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
A. Potylitsyn, G. Kube, A. Novokshonov, A. Vukolov, S. Gogolev, B. Alexeev, P. Klag, W. Lauth
Summary: The study summarizes the spectral properties of optical Cherenkov radiation, demonstrating the observation of quasi-monochromatic radiation through exploiting the frequency dependency. Experimental results confirm the theoretical model predictions, showing satisfactory agreement. The monochromatization mechanism could potentially be applied in beam diagnostics at modern particle accelerators.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Jia-Shu Niu
Summary: Many experiments have shown that the cosmic-ray nucleus spectra exhibit spectral hardening at a few hundred GV, and this could be due to the primary source acceleration, propagation, and superposition of different sources. In this study, the AMS-02 spectra of various elements were collected to investigate the need for a break in diffusion coefficient and independent breaks in primary source injection spectra to reproduce the spectral hardening. The results indicate that both the break in diffusion coefficient and independent breaks in injection spectra are necessary, suggesting that the spectral hardening in the few hundred GV range has hybrid origins. The deviations in spectral indices of helium and neon from other species suggest different cosmic-ray origins for these elements.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jorge Feuchtwanger, Victor Etxebarria, Joaquin Portilla, Josu Jugo, Inigo Arredondo, Inari Badillo, Estibaliz Asua, Nicolas Vallis, Mikel Elorza, Benat Alberdi, Rafael Enparantza, Iratxe Ariz, Inigo Munoz, Unai Etxebeste, Inaki Hernandez
Summary: This paper describes a new compact linear proton accelerator project (LINAC 7) that has been designed and built at the Beam Laboratory of the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU). The project is a collaboration between the University, a research technology center, and a private company, aiming to develop a compact, low-current proton accelerator capable of accelerating particles up to 7 MeV. The paper provides an overview of the accelerator design, summarizes the progress and testing of the built components, and discusses the ongoing design of components needed to achieve the desired energy of 7 MeV.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Yu-Chen Ding, Nan Li, Chun-Cheng Wei, Yue-Liang Wu, Yu-Feng Zhou
Summary: A spectral break in the total flux of cosmic-ray electrons and positrons at around 1 TeV has been observed with high statistical significance, suggesting highly charge asymmetric nearby sources. Among the models considered, the combination of a pulsar wind nebula (PWN) and a supernova remnant (SNR) is favored, while the additional dark matter component may not be necessary based on current data.
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Henryk Piekarz, Steven Hays, Jamie Blowers, Brad Claypool, Vladimir Shiltsev
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
(2019)
Article
Physics, Nuclear
V. D. Shiltsev
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A
(2019)
Editorial Material
Physics, Nuclear
V. D. Shiltsev, T. Tajima
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A
(2019)
Article
Physics, Nuclear
V. D. Shiltsev
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A
(2019)
Review
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Vladimir Shiltsev
MODERN PHYSICS LETTERS A
(2020)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Vladimir Shiltsev
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Vladimir Shiltsev
Summary: Ionization profile monitors (IPMs) are commonly used in accelerators for diagnosing high energy particle beams, but at high beam intensities, the measured profiles may differ due to space-charge forces. By analyzing dynamics of secondaries in IPMs and developing an algorithm, beam sizes can be effectively reconstructed. This theory has been successfully applied to Fermilab's 8 GeV proton Booster IPMs to demonstrate its efficiency.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
(2021)
Editorial Material
Physics, Multidisciplinary
K. R. Long, D. Lucchesi, M. A. Palmer, N. Pastrone, D. Schulte, V. Shiltsev
Review
Physics, Multidisciplinary
V Shiltsev, F. Zimmermann
Summary: This article discusses the development, achievements, and future prospects of charged particle colliders. Advances in collider technology continue to progress, promising further significant breakthroughs in the field.
REVIEWS OF MODERN PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
V Danilov, V Shiltsev
Summary: The electromagnetic interaction of colliding beams and other nonlinear fields can limit beam lifetimes and luminosities. Nonlinearities can lead to the spread of betatron frequencies and enhance dynamic diffusion of particles due to high order resonances. Compensating nonlinear forces is one possible way to address these issues, although achieving exact linearity in the system is challenging. Existing methods can eliminate footprint and resonance strength without full compensation of nonlinearities.
JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION
(2021)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
E. Stern, Yu Alexahin, A. Burov, V Shiltsev
Summary: Further progress in fundamental particle physics requires high intensity and high brightness of accelerated proton and ion beams. One of the biggest obstacles towards this goal is the space charge of the beams, but using electron lenses to compensate for this force has been suggested as a method to reduce harmful effects.
JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION
(2021)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
V Shiltsev
Summary: The article presents the development history and future applications of electron lenses, a novel instrument that has proven to be particularly useful for high-energy particle accelerators, especially in superconducting hadron colliders.
JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION
(2021)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Y. Alexahin, A. Burov, V Shiltsev
Summary: Accelerated beams of high intensity in fundamental physics are limited by coherent beam instabilities, for which usual methods may be insufficient. Electron lenses have been proven to effectively provide Landau damping of transverse beam instabilities, ensuring stability without compromising incoherent stability, dynamic aperture, and beam lifetime. Proper choice of electron beam parameters and current distributions can ensure desired stability even when space charge tune shift cannot be neglected.
JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION
(2021)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
G. Stancari, R. Agustsson, N. Banerjee, C. Boffo, A. Burov, K. Carlson, B. Cathey, Y-C Chen, M. Chung, D. Crawford, R. Dhuley, N. Eddy, B. Freemire, C. Hall, Y-K Kim, A. Kolehmainen, V Lebedev, A. Murokh, S. Nagaitsev, C. S. Park, D. Perini, A. Romanov, J. Ruan, V Shiltsev, A. Smirnov, E. Stern, A. Valishev
Summary: This article discusses the significant role of electron lenses in the Fermilab Integrable Optics Test Accelerator (IOTA) and their importance in research areas such as nonlinear integrable optics and space-charge compensation. It also covers the design criteria and specifications for the IOTA storage ring and electron lens, concluding with a description of the components of the apparatus.
JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION
(2021)
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Jeff Eldred, Valeri Lebedev, Kiyomi Seiya, Vladimir Shiltsev
Summary: This passage presents the results of experimental studies on beam intensity dependent effects in the Fermilab proton Booster. The study analyzes the dependencies of beam intensity losses and validates two methods of beam emittance measurements. The ultimate performance of the machine is analyzed based on the intensity dependent emittance growth effects.
PHYSICAL REVIEW ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS
(2021)
