Review
Infectious Diseases
Elie Haddad, Arnaud Fekkar, Sophie Bonnin, Natalia Shor, Danielle Seilhean, Isabelle Plu, Valerie Touitou, Veronique Leblond, Nicolas Weiss, Sophie Demeret, Valerie Pourcher
Summary: This study presents a case series of aggressive cerebral vasculitis caused by Aspergillus spp. infection in immunocompromised patients. The findings suggest that cerebral aspergillosis should be considered in immunocompromised individuals with suggestive lesions on imaging.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Fatimah Kamila Abu Bakar, Mei-Ling Sharon Tai, Norlisah Ramli, Chong Tin Tan, Kartini Rahmat
Summary: Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is a devastating infection, and this study aimed to evaluate MRI perfusion cerebral changes in TBM patients before and after anti-tuberculous therapy. The results showed significant differences in perfusion parameters between infarcted regions, normal appearing contralateral brain, and control subjects pre- and post-treatment. Increased rCBF and rCBV were seen in infarcted regions post-treatment, while the contralateral brain of TBM patients showed ischemic changes.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Inesa Navasardyan, Stephanie Yeganyan, Helena Nguyen, Payal Vaghashia, Selvakumar Subbian, Vishwanath Venketaraman
Summary: Tuberculosis meningitis (TBM) occurs when Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria invade the meninges, leading to inflammation. Oxidative stress, caused by reactive oxygen species, plays a significant role in TBM by impairing the body's defense mechanisms. Diabetes mellitus (DM) increases susceptibility to TBM due to heightened oxidative stress. This review summarizes the role of oxidative stress in TBM and DM, and discusses potential therapeutic approaches.
Review
Immunology
Joomee Song, Si-Ho Kim, Yi-Rang Jung, Junsu Choe, Cheol-In Kang, Ju-Hong Min
Summary: The most common diagnoses with elevated CSF-ADA levels were hematologic malignancy, followed by tuberculous meningitis and viral meningitis. There were differences in CSF-ADA levels and lymphocyte-dominant pleocytosis among different diagnoses.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Xin Cao, Qingluan Yang, Xian Zhou, Kun Lv, Zhe Zhou, Feng Sun, Qiaoling Ruan, Jun Zhang, Lingyun Shao, Daoying Geng
Summary: This study explored the relationship between MRI features and neurological deficits and prognosis in patients with tuberculous meningitis (TBM). The presence of acute cerebral infarction (ACI) or old cerebral infarctions (OCI) was associated with neurological deficits, and ACI, OCI, and hydrocephalus were considered poor prognostic predictors. Changes in Evan's ratio also affected the outcome.
Review
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Ayaz Aghayev
Summary: Large-vessel vasculitis is a non-infectious inflammation of the large vessels, and imaging plays a crucial role in its diagnosis. Gray-scale ultrasound, color Doppler ultrasound, CTA, and MRA are used for morphologic assessment. FDG PET/CT has shown significant progress in functional and molecular imaging, and research is ongoing to develop new MRA techniques and PET tracers to assess disease activity and differentiate different vasculitides.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ROENTGENOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Shinnosuke Fukushima, Kazuki Ocho, Koji Fujita, Hideharu Hagiya, Fumio Otsuka
Summary: Tuberculous meningitis can lead to multiple cerebral infarctions and basal meningitis, resulting in poor mortality and neurological prognosis. This case suggests that clinicians in an aging country like Japan should consider tuberculous meningitis as a possible diagnosis in patients with disturbed consciousness.
CLINICAL CASE REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Microbiology
Robindra Basu Roy, Sabrina Bakeera-Kitaka, Chishala Chabala, Diana M. Gibb, Julie Huynh, Hilda Mujuru, Naveen Sankhyan, James A. Seddon, Suvasini Sharma, Varinder Singh, Eric Wobudeya, Suzanne T. Anderson
Summary: Children affected by tuberculous meningitis have complex needs that may not be fully addressed within current tuberculosis and meningitis programs. By applying the five pillars outlined in the global roadmap, specific goals and activities can be implemented to defeat TBM in children. Integration between meningitis and TB programs at both the WHO and national levels is crucial for addressing these needs effectively.
Article
Neurosciences
Yu Jia, Wei Wang, Xiangbo Wang, Lidong Jiao, Yuping Wang
Summary: The case describes a patient with staphylococcus aureus meningitis accompanied by cerebrovascular complications. The patient presented with symptoms such as fever, cognitive dysfunction, and limb weakness, and showed improvement after treatment. Early detection and treatment of pathogens are crucial for a good prognosis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Abhishek Shridhar, Ravindra Kumar Garg, Imran Rizvi, Mili Jain, Wahid Ali, Hardeep Singh Malhotra, Neeraj Kumar, Praveen Kumar Sharma, Rajesh Verma, Ravi Uniyal, Shweta Pandey
Summary: This study evaluated the proportion of underlying primary immunodeficiency in patients with tuberculous meningitis and its impact on the outcome. The results showed that absolute lymphocyte count and CD4+ T-cell count were lower in tuberculous meningitis cases, and higher serum IgG levels may be associated with a poor outcome.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Edwin Nuwagira, Kathy Huppler Hullsiek, Samuel Jjunju, Morris Rutakingirwa, John Kasibante, Kiiza Kandole Tadeo, Enock Kagimu, Lillian Tugume, Kenneth Ssebambulidde, Abdu K. Musubire, Ananta Bangdiwala, Conrad Muzoora, David B. Meya, David R. Boulware, Nathan C. Bahr, Fiona V. Creswell
Summary: This study evaluated the role of CSF lactate in diagnosing and predicting outcomes of TBM in HIV-positive individuals. High CSF lactate levels were found to be associated with the diagnosis of TBM, but not predictive of 2-week mortality. CSF lactate may be a useful tool in diagnosing TBM in the clinical setting.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Mailing Huang, Yan Ma, Xinyu Ji, Hui Jiang, Fangchao Liu, Naihui Chu, Qi Li
Summary: This study aimed to identify the risk factors for tuberculous meningitis (TBM) among patients with tuberculosis (TB). A retrospective analysis was conducted on TB patients admitted to Beijing Chest Hospital between January 2012 and December 2019. The study found that being younger than 30, being a farmer, and having disseminated tuberculosis were identified as risk factors for TBM. Screening TB patients with these risk factors could aid in early detection of TBM.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Russell R. Kempker, Alison G. C. Smith, Teona Avaliani, Mariam Gujabidze, Tinatin Bakuradze, Shorena Sabanadze, Zaza Avaliani, Jeffrey M. Collins, Henry M. Blumberg, Mohammad H. Alshaer, Charles A. Peloquin, Maia Kipiani
Summary: This study fills a critical knowledge gap regarding the ability of antituberculosis drugs to penetrate into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and provides valuable pharmacokinetic data for the treatment of tuberculosis meningitis (TBM). Linezolid and cycloserine showed moderate to high CSF penetration and may be effective drugs for TBM treatment, while the efficacy of bedaquiline, delamanid, and clofazimine remains uncertain due to their low CSF penetration.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Jaime Soria, Alfredo Chiappe, Jorge Gallardo, Joseph R. Zunt, Andres G. Lescano
Summary: The impact of treatment initiation timing on mortality was studied in adult hospitalized patients with confirmed tuberculous meningitis. The high mortality rate among these patients was associated with delay in treatment initiation, older age, HIV infection, and higher disease severity at admission.
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Raluca Elena Patrascu, Andrei Ionut Cucu, Claudia Florida Costea, Mihaela Cosman, Laurentiu Andrei Blaj, Adriana Hristea
Summary: Tuberculosis, also known as the white plague, is a contagious disease that has been a concern for humanity throughout history. It was not until the late 19th century that the pathogenic agent was discovered, leading to advancements in treatment methods.
