Review
Hematology
Karsten Engseth Kluge, Ingebjorg Seljeflot, Harald Arnesen, Torstein Jensen, Sigrun Halvorsen, Ragnhild Helseth
Summary: In this review, observational and experimental studies on factors XI and XII as potential targets for anticoagulant therapy are discussed. Low concentrations of FXI are found to be protective against ischemic stroke and venous thrombosis, indicating its potential as a target for antithrombotic therapy. The potential of targeting FXII for preventing thrombosis is still unclear, with conflicting results from different studies.
THROMBOSIS RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mallory Paynich Murray, Isaac Engel, Gregory Seumois, Sara Herrera-De la Mata, Sandy Lucette Rosales, Ashu Sethi, Ashmitaa Logandha Ramamoorthy Premlal, Goo-Young Seo, Jason Greenbaum, Pandurangan Vijayanand, James P. Scott-Browne, Mitchell Kronenberg
Summary: The study found that iNKT cell subsets are similar regardless of tissue location, with lung iNKT cells possessing the most distinct location-specific features possibly due to increased activation. Following antigenic stimulation, iNKT cells undergo chromatin and transcriptional changes, giving rise to additional subsets.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Renyi Ding, Anjun Jiao, Baojun Zhang
Summary: This article summarizes the prospects and role of therapeutic methods targeting T cells in patients with hematologic malignancies. Studies have found that Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play an important role in T cell-mediated anti-tumor immunity. The article discusses the potential of combining TLR agonists with other treatment methods.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Hiroyuki Nakashima, Manabu Kinoshita
Summary: The liver plays a crucial role in systemic immunity and defends against the spread of tumor cells. It contains a higher percentage of innate immune lymphocytes, such as NK and NKT cells, which eliminate malignant cells with their strong cytotoxic ability. These lymphocytes also initiate immune responses by adaptive immune cells, making them important contributors to systemic antitumor immunity. Understanding the mechanisms of these immune cells provides insight for tumor immunity research and potential clinical applications for cancer therapies.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Erica M. Sparkenbaugh, Michael W. Henderson, Megan Miller-Awe, Christina Abrams, Anton Ilich, Fatima Trebak, Nirupama Ramadas, Shantel Vital, Dillon Bohinc, Kara L. Bane, Chunsheng Chen, Margi Patel, Michael Wallisch, Thomas Renne, Andras Gruber, Brian Cooley, David Gailani, Malgorzata Kasztan, Gregory M. Vercellotti, John D. Belcher, Felicity E. Gavins, Evi X. Stavrou, Nigel S. Key, Rafal Pawlinski
Summary: A hypercoagulable state, chronic inflammation, and increased risk of venous thrombosis and stroke are observed in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). Activation of coagulation factor XII (FXII) and the contact pathway is increased in SCD, leading to enhanced thrombin generation and systemic inflammation. Inhibition of FXII effectively reduces experimental thromboinflammation and vascular complications in a mouse model of SCD, suggesting that it may provide a safe approach for interfering with inflammation, thrombotic complications, and vaso-occlusion in patients with SCD.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Weiwei Wang, Jing Zhao, Changlong Hao, Shudong Hu, Chen Chen, Yi Cao, Zhengyu Xu, Jun Guo, Liguang Xu, Maozhong Sun, Chuanlai Xu, Hua Kuang
Summary: This study discovers the potential of chiral nanomaterials as immunoadjuvants for the prevention and treatment of cancer. Chiral nanoparticles enhance immune response and inhibit tumor growth through the stimulation of specific cell types, showing better therapeutic effects compared to achiral nanoparticles.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Rui Dai, Xiaopei Huang, Yiping Yang
Summary: This study demonstrates the critical role of gamma delta T cells in promoting the CD8(+) T cell response to VV infection. Gamma delta T cells are able to present viral antigens and activate CD8(+) T cells, with MyD88 signaling playing a key role in this process. Understanding the regulation of adaptive T cell response by gamma delta T cells may provide insight for the development of more effective vaccine strategies.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Selen Dogan, Ender Terzioglu, Selda Ucar
Summary: Cervical carcinoma is significantly associated with the human papillomavirus (HPV), with persistent infection with high-risk HPV being necessary but not sufficient for its development. Immune mechanisms play a crucial role in HPV persistence, with gamma 8 T cells potentially playing a key role in persistent HPV infection and cervical carcinogenesis in the early phase. Further research into the role of gamma 8 T cells could lead to potential therapeutic strategies against HPV in infected patients.
JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Wenyong Huang, Dongmei Ye, Wenjing He, Xiaoshun He, Xiaomin Shi, Yifang Gao
Summary: The study found that MAIT cells in patients with HCC had lower levels in both peripheral blood and liver compared to healthy controls, with reduced IFN-γ production. While peripheral MAIT cells showed upregulation of HLA-DR and PD-1, intrasinusoidal MAIT cells did not exhibit significant differences. Additionally, MAIT cells were significantly enriched in the livers of HCC patients, showing high levels of activation and exhaustion markers.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Brian J. Laight, Natasha A. Jawa, Kathrin Tyryshkin, David M. Maslove, J. Gordon Boyd, Peter A. Greer
Summary: Sepsis is caused by initial over-activation of the immune system in response to an infection or trauma, followed by suppression of the immune system. Enhancing FES in early sepsis and inhibiting it in late sepsis may improve the severity and outcome of septic illness.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Edward L. G. Pryzdial, Alexander Leatherdale, Edward M. Conway
Summary: This article is a review on the interactions between coagulation and complement and how they work together to protect the body from injury.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Marieke van Nieuwland, Idil Esen, Rosanne D. Reitsema, Wayel H. Abdulahad, Yannick van Sleen, William F. Jiemy, Maria Sandovici, Elisabeth Brouwer, Lenny van Bon
Summary: The study investigates the activity of interferon type I (IFN-I) in CD8+ T cells of giant cell arteritis (GCA) patients. The results indicate increased expression of pSTAT1 in CD8+ T cells of GCA patients, while pSTAT3 and pSTAT5 expression did not differ. Additionally, MxA and CD8+ T cells were found to co-localize in artery tissues and biopsy samples of GCA patients. These findings suggest the potential of IFN-I induced biomarkers and novel therapeutic options in GCA.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Aleksandr Shamanaev, Ivan Ivanov, Mao-Fu Sun, Maxim Litvak, Priyanka Srivastava, Bassem M. Mohammed, Rabia Shaban, Ashoka Maddur, Ingrid M. Verhamme, Owen J. T. McCarty, Ruby H. P. Law, David Gailani
Summary: Factor XII (FXII) is a plasma protease that contributes to bradykinin generation. Its conversion to FXIIa enhances when it binds to negatively charged surfaces. The heavy chain of FXII plays a key role in surface binding and activation, while also restricting activation when not bound to a surface. Different domains within the heavy chain have varying importance in FXII function, such as EGF1 being required for surface-dependent activation and KNG and FN2 influencing activation in the absence of a surface.
Article
Hematology
Aleksandr Shamanaev, Ivan Ivanov, Mao-Fu Sun, Maxim Litvak, Priyanka Srivastava, Bassem M. Mohammed, Rabia Shaban, Ashoka Maddur, Ingrid M. Verhamme, Owen J. T. McCarty, Ruby H. P. Law, David Gailani
Summary: Factor XII (FXII) is a plasma zymogen that contributes to bradykinin production. The activation of FXII is enhanced when it binds to negatively charged surfaces such as polymeric orthophosphate. The heavy chain of FXII promotes surface-binding and activation, while restricting activation in the absence of a surface. EGF1, KNG, and FN2 domains play important roles in FXII function.
Review
Immunology
Jianya Peng, Hannah G. G. Federman, Christina M. Hernandez, Mark C. C. Siracusa
Summary: Parasitic helminth infections are a global health issue, causing significant morbidity and economic hardships. Host protective responses to helminths involve the initiation of type 2 inflammation and the involvement of various immune cells. Recent studies have also highlighted the importance of neuro-immune interactions in regulating anti-helminth immunity.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)