Review
Immunology
Marcin Jasinski, Grzegorz W. Basak, Wieslaw W. Jedrzejczak
Summary: CAR-T cell therapy is a promising approach for the treatment of multiple myeloma, with receptors targeting BCMA showing positive results in clinical trials. However, limitations of this therapy include high relapse rates in most patients and potential serious adverse events. Further research is needed to enhance the effectiveness and safety of CAR-T cell therapy in treating multiple myeloma.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Linke Huang, Weiwei Chen, Linhua Wei, Yuangang Su, Jiamin Liang, Haoyu Lian, Hui Wang, Feng Long, Fan Yang, Shiyao Gao, Zhen Tan, Jiake Xu, Jinmin Zhao, Qian Liu
Summary: This study investigated the effects and mechanisms of the farnesyltransferase inhibitor Lonafarnib (Lon) on osteoclasts and its role in titanium particle-induced osteolysis. The results showed that Lon suppressed bone resorption and osteoclastogenesis, reduced pro-inflammatory substances production, and prevented osteolysis.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Zuoxing Wu, Xuedong Li, Xiaohui Chen, Xuemei He, Yu Chen, Long Zhang, Zan Li, Mengyu Yang, Guixin Yuan, Baohong Shi, Ning Chen, Na Li, Haotian Feng, Mengyu Zhou, Gang Rui, Feng Xu, Ren Xu
Summary: This study investigates the role and mechanism of CDZ173 in osteoclast-related bone metabolism. It demonstrates that CDZ173 has a protective effect on LPS-induced osteolysis by inhibiting osteoclast activation. CDZ173 inhibits bone resorption and osteoclast fusion, while having no effect on osteoblast development. It also weakens the PI3K-AKT/MAPK-NFATc1 signal axis in osteoclasts. These findings highlight the potential pharmacological role of CDZ173 in preventing osteoclast-mediated inflammatory osteolysis and its potential clinical application.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Hematology
Evangelos Terpos, Ioannis Ntanasis-Stathopoulos
Summary: Bone-modifying therapies, including zoledronic acid and denosumab, are essential for patients with multiple myeloma. Denosumab may offer a survival benefit for patients eligible for autologous transplantation and may be safer for those with renal impairment. Prophylactic measures for hypocalcaemia, renal toxicity, and osteonecrosis of the jaw are important considerations for all bone-modifying agents.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Zuoxing Wu, Chen Li, Yu Chen, Qian Liu, Na Li, Xuemei He, Weibin Li, Rong Shen, Li Li, Chenming Wei, Siyuan Shao, Fangsheng Fu, Jiaxin Ding, Xiaochen Sun, Dairong Wang, Guixin Yuan, Yiji Su, Jinmin Zhao, Jiake Xu, Ren Xu, Xin Xu, Feng Xu
Summary: Bone homeostasis relies on the balance between osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Excessive activation of osteoclasts leads to bone resorption diseases. Chrysin (CHR) has inhibitory effects on osteoclasts and may serve as a potential therapeutic agent for osteolytic diseases.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Wende Deng, Zongbao Ding, Yiyuan Wang, Binhua Zou, Jiehuang Zheng, Yanhui Tan, Qin Yang, Minhong Ke, Yan Chen, Song Wang, Xiaojuan Li
Summary: This study found that dendrobine can alleviate inflammatory osteolysis by inhibiting osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption. In vitro experiments showed that dendrobine exerted its effects by suppressing ROS, p38-c-Fos, and NFATc1-MMP9. In vivo experiments showed that oral administration of dendrobine prevented LPS-induced osteolysis.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mingchao Jin, Jiangbo Nie, Juli Zhu, Jing Li, Tianshun Fang, Juntao Xu, Xuesheng Jiang, Zhuo Chen, Jianyou Li, Fengfeng Wu
Summary: This study demonstrated for the first time that acacetin inhibited osteoclastogenesis, bone resorption activity, and related gene expression by modulating multiple signaling pathways, suggesting its potential therapeutic effects for preventing osteoporosis and other osteolytic disorders.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
He Zhang, Ying Kang, Xinyi Qi, Jingshuai Wu, Dong Liu, Aili Fan, Jian Huang, Wenhan Lin
Summary: This study identified a new cyclopeptide, versicotide G (VG), through chemical and bioassay examinations. VG demonstrated the ability to suppress the formation and function of osteoclasts, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic candidate for bone destruction-related diseases.
BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Xuzhuo Chen, Xiankun Cao, Dasheng Zheng, Chang Li, Yan Chen, Keyu Kong, Weifeng Xu, Bin Shi, Xinwei Chen, Fengrong Dai, Shanyong Zhang
Summary: In this study, PtAu2 nanoclusters with nitric oxide-responsive phosphorescence turn-on characteristics and strong binding interactions with cysteine were designed. They showed satisfactory biocompatibility and cellular uptake behavior, with potent anti-inflammatory and anti-osteoclast activities. Furthermore, PtAu2 clusters alleviated lipopolysaccharide-induced calvarial osteolysis in vivo and activated Nrf2 expression.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Annette Gilchrist, Stephanie L. Echeverria
Summary: Multiple myeloma is a difficult-to-cure malignancy with a lower survival rate compared to other hematologic cancers. Treatment options are limited, and there is a need for new approaches. Antagonists targeting chemokine-receptor 1 (CCR1) may provide a new treatment option for multiple myeloma. Existing studies have shown the potential therapeutic effects of CCR1 antagonists, but clinical trials are yet to be conducted.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Karthik Nath, Bruno A. Costa, Sham Mailankody
Summary: The development of immune-based therapies for multiple myeloma has rapidly expanded in recent years, with GPRC5D identified as a viable target. This article discusses the data and future perspectives on GPRC5D-directed CAR T cells and bispecific antibodies for patients with relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma.
NATURE REVIEWS CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Leora S. Boussi, Zachary M. Avigan, Jacalyn Rosenblatt
Summary: Despite advances in treatment for multiple myeloma, understanding the mechanisms of immune evasion and resistance to therapy is critical for developing more effective treatments. Cellular adoptive therapy, particularly CAR T cell therapy, has shown promising results in refractory cases and may be a viable option for treatment.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhen-cheng Yu, Rao Fu, Yun Li, Dan-yang Zhao, Hao Jiang, Dong Han
Summary: This study found that compound C-176 can inhibit the activation of the STING signaling pathway, reduce the formation and activation of osteoclasts, and has the potential to be used as a therapeutic agent for inflammatory osteolytic diseases.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Yanglin Wu, Yun Teng, Chenhui Zhang, Ying Pan, Qin Zhang, Xu Zhu, Naicheng Liu, Xinlin Su, Jun Lin
Summary: The study confirmed that beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) can inhibit CoCrMo alloy particles induced osteolysis, and achieve its anti-inflammatory effect by deactivating NLRP3 inflammasome. Furthermore, beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) also affects the differentiation and function of osteoclast, contributing to the alleviation of osteolysis.
JOURNAL OF NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Minghui Gu, Baiqi Pan, Weishen Chen, Hai Xu, Xiaoyu Wu, Xuantao Hu, Linli Zheng, Yongyu Ye, Qing Meng, Guoyan Xian, Ziji Zhang, Puyi Sheng
Summary: In this study, we found that SPHK inhibitors (ABC294640 and FTY720) combined with ZA decreased the degree of inflammatory osteolysis in vivo. However, ABC294640 and ZA suppressed osteoclast differentiation and osteoclast-specific genes in vitro.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Roberta Zerlotin, Marco Fornaro, Mariella Errede, Patrizia Pignataro, Clelia Suriano, Maddalena Ruggieri, Silvia Colucci, Florenzo Iannone, Maria Grano, Graziana Colaianni
Summary: In this cohort study, 41 patients with DM and IMNM were examined. The results showed lower expression of FNDC5 in the muscle biopsies of these patients compared to the control group, while serum irisin levels were higher. The authors hypothesize that increased expression of ADAM10 in the skeletal muscle of DM and IMNM patients may be responsible for the discrepancy between irisin levels and FNDC5 expression. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms underlying exacerbated FNDC5 cleavage and muscle irisin resistance in these inflammatory myopathies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Angela Oranger, Roberta Zerlotin, Cinzia Buccoliero, Lorenzo Sanesi, Giuseppina Storlino, Ernestina Schipani, Kenneth Michael Kozloff, Giorgio Mori, Graziana Colaianni, Silvia Colucci, Maria Grano
Summary: Bone fractures are a common clinical event caused by falls, trauma, diseases, and aging. Recent research has found a link between irisin and bone fractures. In an experiment on mice with tibial fractures, treatment with r-Irisin reduced inflammation and promoted angiogenesis, cartilage matrix degradation, and bone formation, suggesting it as a potential molecule for fracture treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Letter
Hematology
Nicola Sgherza, Paola Curci, Rita Rizzi, Angela Maria Vittoria Larocca, Luigi Vimercati, Silvio Tafuri, Maria Chironna, Pellegrino Musto
MEDITERRANEAN JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Felicia Faienza, Albina Tummolo, Mauro Celli, Roberto Finocchiaro, Laura Piacente, Francesca Di Serio, Grazia Paola Nicchia, Giacomina Brunetti, Patrizia D'Eufemia
Summary: This study aims to demonstrate the correlation between osteoclastogenesis and CK-BB release. The researchers found that patients with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) had reduced bone quality, increased levels of bone resorption marker CTX I, and decreased levels of osteoclastogenesis inhibitor OPG. In the presence of osteoclast cytokines MCSF and RANKL, CK-BB secretion from osteoclasts increased, and in the absence of these factors, CK-BB secretion was significantly elevated with higher drug concentrations.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Manuela Dicarlo, Patrizia Pignataro, Roberta Zerlotin, Clelia Suriano, Chiara Zecca, Maria Teresa Dell'Abate, Giuseppina Storlino, Angela Oranger, Lorenzo Sanesi, Giorgio Mori, Maria Grano, Graziana Colaianni, Silvia Colucci
Summary: As a result of physical exercise, muscle releases exerkines such as irisin, which has pro-cognitive and antidepressant effects. In a study on mice, we found increased levels of neurotrophins such as NGF and FGF-2 in the hippocampus, and BDNF in the PFC, after irisin administration. These findings suggest that irisin can modulate neurotrophins in specific brain regions, providing potential new targets for short-term antidepressant treatments.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Antonella Galeone, Maria Grano, Giacomina Brunetti
Summary: Ischemic heart disease, including myocardial infarction, stable angina, and ischemic cardiomyopathy, is a leading cause of death worldwide. Revascularization can reduce myocardial loss and improve clinical outcomes, but it also carries the risk of ischemia-reperfusion injury. This article reviews the role of tumor necrosis factor family members, such as TNF-alpha, CD95L/CD95, TRAIL, and the RANK/RANKL/OPG axis, in myocardial tissue damage and their potential as therapeutic targets.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Patrizia Pignataro, Manuela Dicarlo, Clelia Suriano, Lorenzo Sanesi, Roberta Zerlotin, Giuseppina Storlino, Angela Oranger, Chiara Zecca, Maria Teresa Dell'Abate, Giorgio Mori, Maria Grano, Silvia Colucci, Graziana Colaianni
Summary: In a study, it was found that short-term subcutaneous administration of irisin can alleviate symptoms of depression and anxiety, but without significant improvement in memory. This may be achieved by activating the Pgc-1a/FNDC5 system in the brain. Further research could lead to the identification of irisin as a new agent for the treatment of psychiatric disorders.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lorenzo Sanesi, Manuela Dicarlo, Patrizia Pignataro, Roberta Zerlotin, Flavia Pugliese, Carla Columbu, Vincenzo Carnevale, Silvia Tunnera, Alfredo Scillitani, Maria Grano, Graziana Colaianni, Silvia Colucci
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the effect of vitamin D supplementation on irisin serum levels in PHPT patients and conducted related experiments in cells. The results showed that vitamin D supplementation significantly increased irisin serum levels in PHPT patients, and in cells, vitamin D could regulate the expression of Fndc5/irisin by up-regulating Sirt1.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
M. F. Faienza, G. Brunetti, D. Fintini, G. Grugni, M. G. Wasniewska, A. Crino, G. D'Amato, L. Piacente, A. Oranger, M. Dicarlo, S. Colucci, M. Grano
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate LIGHT serum levels in children and adults with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) and correlate them with bone and fat metabolism parameters. The results showed that LIGHT levels were significantly increased in PWS patients and negatively correlated with weight, bone density, and fat mass. LIGHT may serve as a marker of altered bone and fat metabolism in PWS.
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Francesca Posa, Roberta Zerlotin, Anastasia Ariano, Michele Di Cosola, Graziana Colaianni, Aldo Di Fazio, Silvia Colucci, Maria Grano, Giorgio Mori
Summary: Irisin is a myokine produced in skeletal muscle tissue in response to exercise, and recent studies have revealed its potential effects on cartilage tissue. The researchers in this study investigated the paracrine action of Irisin secreted during exercise on chondrogenic differentiation. They treated human articular chondrocytes with Irisin and discovered new mechanisms of communication between muscle and cartilage tissue. These findings could lead to the development of exercise-mimetic drugs for patients unable to engage in physical activity.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giacomina Brunetti, Barbara Barile, Grazia Paola Nicchia, Francesco Onorati, Giovanni Battista Luciani, Antonella Galeone
Summary: ST2 is a member of the interleukin 1 receptor family and has soluble sST2 and transmembrane ST2L isoforms. The ligand of ST2 is IL-33, which activates intracytoplasmic mediators through binding with ST2L and IL-1RAcP, leading to nuclear signal and cardiovascular effects. Conversely, sST2 is released in the blood and acts as a decoy receptor, binding IL-33 and blocking IL-33/ST2L interaction. sST2 is mainly involved in maintaining homeostasis and/or tissue alterations, as the balance/activation of the IL-33/ST2L axis plays a role in fibrosis, tissue damage, inflammation, and remodeling.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Flavia Urbano, Ilaria Farella, Giacomina Brunetti, Maria Felicia Faienza
Summary: Type 1 diabetes is a common chronic disease in childhood with increasing incidence. The management of T1D requires lifelong insulin treatment and continuous healthcare support. Automated insulin delivery systems, such as continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion combined with continuous glucose monitoring, have improved metabolic control and quality of life for T1D patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
