Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
N. Louise Glass, Adriana M. Rico-Ramirez
Summary: This paragraph illustrates the complexity of antagonistic and mutualistic bacterial-fungal interactions through a tripartite interaction involving soil fungi, phenazine-producing soil bacteria that are toxic to the fungi, and a second bacterium that sequesters and detoxifies phenazines.
Article
Virology
Ronald J. Ellis, Jennifer E. Iudicello, Robert K. Heaton, Stephane Isnard, John Lin, Jean-Pierre Routy, Sara Gianella, Martin Hoenigl, Rob Knight
Summary: People with HIV have higher gut microbial diversity, and there is a significant correlation between gut barrier integrity and microbial diversity in this group. This relationship plays a crucial role in microbial translocation and inflammation in people with HIV.
Article
Ecology
Elena Kozlova, Shivanand Hegde, Christopher M. Roundy, George Golovko, Miguel A. Saldana, Charles E. Hart, Enyia R. Anderson, Emily A. Hornett, Kamil Khanipov, Vsevolod L. Popov, Maria Pimenova, Yiyang Zhou, Yuriy Fovanov, Scott C. Weaver, Andrew L. Routh, Eva Heinz, Grant L. Hughes
Summary: The interactions between microbes in the mosquito gut are complex and can influence mosquito behavior and the parasitic habits of the microbes.
Article
Immunology
Tonje Skarpengland, Magnhild E. Macpherson, Johannes R. Hov, Xiang Y. Kong, Pavol Bohov, Bente Halvorsen, Borre Fevang, Rolf K. Berge, Pal Aukrust, Silje F. Jorgensen
Summary: Fatty acid abnormalities are found in common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) patients, potentially linked to low immunoglobulin G levels. High plasma n-6 PUFAs are associated with increased gut microbial diversity and can be altered by rifaximin therapy.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Anisha S. Navlekar, Ezinne Osuji, Deborah L. Carr
Summary: Recent studies have focused on specific members of insect larval gut microbiota in plastic degradation, but the impact of plastics on the overall gut microbial community remains unknown. This study examined the gut microbial composition of Tenebrio molitor (PS degrader) and Plodia interpunctella (PE degrader) larvae in control and plastic-fed groups. The results showed significant changes in microbial abundance in Plodia interpunctella fed with PE, but no significant changes in Tenebrio molitor fed with PS, suggesting different mechanisms involved in plastic degradation.
JOURNAL OF POLYMERS AND THE ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Biology
Soohong Min, Yangkyun Oh, Pushpa Verma, Samuel C. Whitehead, Nilay Yapici, David Van Vactor, Greg S. B. Suh, Stephen Liberles
Summary: The study reveals the essential role of Drosophila Piezo in volume-based control of meal size, with neurons expressing Piezo responding to food reservoir organ distension. Activating Piezo neurons decreases appetite, while knockout and silencing of Piezo lead to gut bloating and increased food consumption and body weight.
Article
Microbiology
Kuanguan Huang, Jie Wang, Junhao Huang, Shouke Zhang, Alfried P. Vogler, Quanquan Liu, Yongchun Li, Maowei Yang, You Li, Xuguo Zhou
Summary: In this study, gut microbiota of bamboo-feeding insects were examined to understand their convergent adaptation to extreme diet specialization. Results showed that while both phylogeny and diet can influence the gut microbiome composition, phylogeny primarily drives the convergent adaptation to a highly specialized diet in insects feeding on bamboo.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wu Liu, Jiaqi Huang, Tong Liu, Yutian Hu, Kaifeng Shi, Yi Zhou, Ning Zhang
Summary: This study analyzed the changes in gut microbiota between CKD patients and healthy control groups. It found that the abundance of bacteria associated with kidney damage was increased in CKD patients, and predicted the related metabolic pathways. This study provides evidence for exploring the relationship between gut microbiota and lipid metabolism.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maryse D. Berkhout, Caroline M. Plugge, Clara Belzer
Summary: The intestinal epithelium is protected from direct contact with gut microbes by a mucus layer composed of mucin glycoproteins. Specific gut microbiota in the large intestine can degrade mucin in the outer mucus layer. Mucin glycan degradation is a complex process that requires a network of glycan degrading enzymes and multiple resident microbes in the gut mucosa. This review investigates the evolutionary relationships and role of microbial enzymes in the degradation of gut mucin glycans.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Aprajita Singh, Sajjad Karimi, Aleksandar Vidakovic, Johan Dicksved, Markus Langeland, Jorge A. Ferreira, Mohammad J. Taherzadeh, Anders Kiessling, Torbjoern Lundh
Summary: Dietary manipulation and duration of feeding have significant effects on gut microbial composition in rainbow trout, with a minimum 30-day feeding trial recommended for future studies on gut microbiome, host, and diet interactions.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bo-Yan Chen, Wen-Zhen Lin, Yu -Lin Li, Chao Bi, Lin -Juan Du, Yuan Liu, Lu-Jun Zhou, Ting Liu, Shuo Xu, Chao-Ji Shi, Hong Zhu, Yong -Li Wang, Jian-Yong Sun, Yan Liu, Wu -Chang Zhang, Hai-Xia Lu, Yi-Hua Wang, Qiang Feng, Fu -Xiang Chen, Chang-Qian Wang, Maurizio S. Tonetti, Ya-Qin Zhu, Huili Zhang, Sheng-Zhong Duan
Summary: There is evidence linking periodontitis to hypertension, but the nature of this connection is unclear. Dysbiosis of oral microbiota leading to periodontitis can aggravate different systematic diseases, but the alterations of oral and gut microbiota in hypertension and their impacts on blood pressure need further investigation.
JOURNAL OF ADVANCED RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Zoology
Pol Nadal-Jimenez, Crystal L. Frost, Ana Claudia Norte, Jorge Garrido-Bautista, Timothy E. Wilkes, Rowan Connell, Annabel Rice, Indrikis Krams, Tapio Eeva, Philippe Christe, Gregorio Moreno-Rueda, Gregory D. D. Hurst
Summary: This paper examines the distribution of a parasitic bacterium in the population of a wasp host in Europe. The study finds that this bacterium is widely present in bee populations in Germany, the UK, Finland, Switzerland, and Portugal, but with varying frequencies. A new screening method using ethanol-preserved fly pupae is effective in detecting both wasp and bacterium infection. Future research should investigate the causes of frequency variation.
JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Xiaoman Zhang, Zhiyong Shi, Cai-qing Yang, Jing Li, Jingze Liu, Ai-bing Zhang
Summary: This study identified a co-orthologous gene, CYP4g15, in insects that originated from different bacteria species, suggesting its functional conservation and ancient origin.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Kun Li, Xiaoyu Liu, Xunlian Zhang, Zhaoxi Liu, Yue Yu, Jiayu Zhao, Lushan Wang, Yun Kong, Min Chen
Summary: The study revealed that many glycan substructures are shared among different microorganisms, and glycan substructures appearing in specific bacterial groups may be linked to the species and pathogenicity of microorganisms.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2021)
Editorial Material
Microbiology
Samuli Rautava
Summary: This study conducted a randomized controlled trial to investigate the impact of nutritional management, specifically human milk supplementation with human milk or cow's milk-based fortification, on the microbiota development and clinical outcomes of very preterm infants.
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2022)