Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Changwon Yang, Jisoo Song, Sunwoo Park, Jiyeon Ham, Wonhyoung Park, Hahyun Park, Garam An, Taeyeon Hong, Hee Seung Kim, Gwonhwa Song, Whasun Lim
Summary: This study investigated the effects of quercetin on colorectal cancer cells and found that quercetin can suppress thymidylate synthase levels and induce oxidative stress and calcium dysregulation. It also regulates the expression of specific tiRNAs and enhances apoptosis in CRC cells. Quercetin treatment in colitis-associated CRC mice showed enhanced sensitivity to 5-FU and reduced tumor growth. These findings suggest that quercetin has the potential to be used as an adjuvant with 5-FU for the treatment of CRC.
Article
Oncology
Marie Malier, Khaldoun Gharzeddine, Marie-Helene Laverriere, Sabrina Marsili, Fabienne Thomas, Thomas Decaens, Gael Roth, Arnaud Millet
Summary: The study reveals that macrophages specifically overexpress DPD in hypoxia, leading to macrophage-induced chemoresistance to 5-FU, while tumor cells do not express significant levels of DPD. These findings shed light on the crucial role of TAMs in promoting chemoresistance in colorectal cancers.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chinatsu Kurasaka, Yoko Ogino, Akira Sato
Summary: This study identified that 5-FU-resistant cells exhibit increased TS expression and utilize the TS enzyme to trap the active metabolite FdUMP, resulting in resistance to 5-FU and its analogs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yong-Hwi Kang, Jin-Seok Lee, Nam-Hun Lee, Seung-Hyung Kim, Chang-Seob Seo, Chang-Gue Son
Summary: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide among both men and women, with early detection and resection being the best treatment and chemotherapy a main treatment option. Coptidis Rhizoma extract (CRE) shows potential as an adjuvant agent against 5-FU-resistant colorectal cancers by reducing cell viability and inhibiting thymidylate synthase (TS) expression.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Changwon Yang, Jisoo Song, Sunjae Hwang, Jungil Choi, Gwonhwa Song, Whasun Lim
Summary: The study found that apigenin enhances the inhibitory effect of 5-FU on colorectal cancer cells by suppressing TS expression, promoting apoptosis, and disrupting the cell cycle. Additionally, apigenin increases reactive oxygen species production and intracellular calcium levels, indicating its potential to improve therapeutic efficacy.
Article
Oncology
Masanori Kotake, Hiroyuki Bando, Mami Kaneko, Hirofumi Takemura, Toshinari Minamoto, Kazuyuki Kawakami
Summary: The study investigated the prognostic and predictive significance of polymorphisms in the thymidylate synthase (TS) gene and LOH at this gene locus in colorectal cancer patients, finding that TS LOH was independently associated with poor prognosis. Patients with TS LOH had poorer outcomes following surgery alone, but similar survival to other genotypes following 5-FU-based adjuvant chemotherapy.
MOLECULAR AND CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Young-Joo Jeon, Sung-Hwan Cho, Eo-Jin Kim, Chang-Soo Ryu, Han-Sung Park, Jong-Woo Kim, Jeong-Yong Lee, Hui-Jeong An, Nam-Keun Kim
Summary: This study found an association between 3'-UTR variants in TS genes and colorectal cancer, suggesting they could potentially serve as biomarkers for CRC prognosis and prevention.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Marco Avolio, Livio Trusolino
Summary: Patient-derived models have played a crucial role in advancing the understanding of colorectal cancer biology, leading to the discovery of new therapeutic targets and mechanisms of drug resistance. These models have also influenced clinical decision-making by providing valuable insights into disease mechanisms and treatment responses.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
L. E. Anselmino, M. Baglioni, F. Malizia, N. Cesatti Laluce, C. Borini Etichetti, V. L. Martinez Marignac, V Rozados, O. G. Scharovsky, J. Girardini, M. J. Rico, M. Menacho Marquez
Summary: Drug repositioning accelerates drug development process, finding effective drugs with reduced side effects and lower costs. Combining metformin and propranolol shows potential as adjuvant therapy for both CRC and TNBC, as well as effective alternative for chemo-resistant CRC.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
William H. Gmeiner, Anthony Dominijanni, Alex O. Haber, Lais P. Ghiraldeli, David L. Caudell, Ralph D'Agostino, Boris C. Pasche, Thomas L. Smith, Zhiyong Deng, Sezgin Kiren, Chinnadurai Mani, Komaraiah Palle, Jonathan R. Brody
Summary: The study evaluated a second-generation nanoscale FP polymer, CF10, for improved antitumor activity in colorectal cancer treatment. CF10 demonstrated superior potency compared to 5-FU in vitro, and also exhibited good tolerance and antitumor efficacy in vivo.
MOLECULAR CANCER THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Biology
Kuen-Lin Wu, Ko-Chao Lee, Chia-Kuang Yen, Cheng-Nan Chen, Shun-Fu Chang, Wen-Shih Huang
Summary: The study found that visfatin significantly reduces CRC sensitivity to capecitabine by controlling TYMS expression, while resveratrol can significantly alleviate the visfatin effect on capecitabine-treated CRC cells. These results provide new insights into understanding capecitabine susceptibility of CRC under a visfatin-containing environment and suggest a potential therapeutic application of resveratrol in CRC patients with obesity.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Shaoran Song, Bixia Tian, Miao Zhang, Xiaoqian Gao, Liu Jie, Peijun Liu, Juan Li
Summary: TYMS expression in breast cancer is associated with tumor progression and prognosis, with higher expression indicating poorer prognosis. TYMS expression levels are closely related to the clinical characteristics of breast cancer.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PHARMACOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Denis Mteremko, Daniel M. Shadrack, Fidele Ntie-Kang, Jaffu Chilongola, Musa Chacha
Summary: 5-fluorouracil and analogs are commonly used in chemotherapy for solid tumors, but resistance and toxicity are common. Repurposing FDA drugs targeting human thymidylate synthase identified several drugs with potential for further development in cancer treatment. The study prioritized four FDA drugs (Erismodegib, Irinotecan, Conivaptan, and Ergotamine) for validation. The role of water in drug interactions and its contribution to binding energy was also explored.
JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE & DYNAMICS
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Adarsh Kumar, Ankit Kumar Singh, Harshwardhan Singh, Suresh Thareja, Pradeep Kumar
Summary: Thymidylate synthase is a crucial enzyme for DNA synthesis, and its overexpression leads to drug resistance in cancer cells. This review summarizes different approaches for regulating thymidylate synthase to overcome resistance in colorectal cancer.
Article
Oncology
Anant Ramaswamy, Vikas Ostwal, Atul Sharma, Prabhat Bhargava, Sujay Srinivas, Mahesh Goel, Shraddha Patkar, Sarika Mandavkar, Poonam Jadhav, Manali Parulekar, Amitkumar Choudhari, Sudeep Gupta
Summary: This study found that the use of CAPIRI regimen did not improve overall survival compared to irinotecan alone in patients with advanced gallbladder cancer who had received treatment with a gemcitabine-platinum regimen. More patients in the CAPIRI group required dose modification compared to those in the irinotecan group.
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
J. Lim, S. Raghav, A. Wong, W. P. Yong, R. A. Soo, C. E. Chee, S. C. Lee, B-C. Goh, R. A. Dent, J. J. Chan, K. Y. K. Wong, S. Nathan Jeraj, L. Kwok, G. Schiavon, A. Foxley, D. S. Tan
ANNALS OF ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pathology
Matthew Phillip Humphries, Victoria Bingham, Fatima Abdullah Sidi, Stephanie Craig, Beatrize Lara, Hesham El-daly, Nicole O'Doherty, Perry Maxwell, Claire Lewis, Stephen McQuaid, James Lyness, Jacqueline James, David R. J. Snead, Manuel Salto-Tellez
Summary: In this study, a validated protocol using multiplex immunofluorescence (mIF) was described for the exploration of the molecular physiopathology of SARS-CoV-2 pulmonary disease. Validated assays originally developed for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in tissues were applied to map the adaptive immune response at protein and mRNA levels. The mIF panels showed robust, reliable, and quantifiable performance in detecting topographic variations in inflammation related to pathological processes in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded pneumonia material.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Win Lwin Thuya, Li Ren Kong, Nicholas L. Syn, Ling -Wen Ding, Esther Sok Hwee Cheow, Regina Tong Xin Wong, Tingting Wang, Robby Miguel Wen-Jing Goh, Hongyan Song, Migara K. Jayasinghe, Minh T. N. Le, Jian Cheng Hu, Wei-Peng Yong, Soo-Chin Lee, Andrea Li-Ann Wong, Gautam Sethi, Huynh The Hung, Paul Chi-Lui Ho, Jean-Paul Thiery, Siu Kwan Sze, Tiannan Guo, Ross A. Soo, Henry Yang, Yaw Chyn Lim, Lingzhi Wang, Boon-Cher Goh
Summary: This study reveals that the cargo protein FAM3C carried by tumor-released extracellular vesicles (EVs) can enhance the growth and metastatic potential of lung cancer cells. FAM3C interacts with RalA protein to activate the Src/Stat3 signaling pathway, promoting oncogenicity. This finding provides a new target for lung cancer therapy.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Benjamin J. Solomon, Todd M. Bauer, Tony S. K. Mok, Geoffrey Liu, Julien Mazieres, Filippo de Marinis, Yasushi Goto, Dong-Wan Kim, Yi-Long Wu, Jacek Jassem, Froylan Lopez Lopez, Ross A. Soo, Alice T. Shaw, Anna Polli, Rossella Messina, Laura Iadeluca, Francesca Toffalorio, Enriqueta Felip
Summary: After 3 years of follow-up, lorlatinib showed durable benefit over crizotinib in treatment-naive ALK-positive non-small-cell lung cancer patients, indicating the potential use of lorlatinib as a first-line treatment option.
LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Manuel Salto-Tellez, Jorge S. Reis-Filho
Article
Oncology
Jerold Loh, Jiaxuan Wu, Jenny Chieng, Aurora Chan, Wei-Peng Yong, Raghav Sundar, Soo-Chin Lee, Andrea Wong, Joline S. J. Lim, David S. P. Tan, Ross Soo, Boon-Cher Goh, Bee-Choo Tai, Cheng E. Chee
Summary: Patient selection is crucial in Phase I studies, particularly in heavily pre-treated patients where prognosis estimation is challenging. Existing prognostic models like the Royal Marsden Hospital (RMH) score or the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) have not been validated in current novel therapies or in the Asian Phase I population.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Chong Kin Liam, Azura Rozila Ahmad, Te-Chun Hsia, Jianying Zhou, Dong-Wan Kim, Ross Andrew Soo, Ying Cheng, Shun Lu, Sang Won Shin, James Chih-Hsin Yang, Yiping Zhang, Jun Zhao, Karin Berghoff, Rolf Bruns, Andreas Johne, Yi-Long Wu
Summary: The final analysis of the INSIGHT phase II study showed that tepotinib plus gefitinib can improve progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) compared to chemotherapy in a subgroup of patients with MET-amplified EGFR-mutant NSCLC after progression on EGFR inhibitors.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2023)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Benjamin J. Solomon, Todd M. Bauer, Tony S. K. Mok, Geoffrey Liu, Julien Mazieres, Filippo de Marinis, Yasushi Goto, Dong-Wan Kim, Yi-Long Wu, Jacek Jassem, Froylan Lopez Lopez, Ross A. Soo, Alice T. Shaw, Anna Polli, Rossella Messina, Laura Iadeluca, Francesca Toffalorio, Enriqueta Felip
Article
Oncology
Cheng E. Chee, Melissa Ooi, Soo-Chin Lee, Raghav Sundar, Valerie Heong, Wei-Peng Yong, Chin Hin Ng, Andrea Wong, Joline S. J. Lim, David S. P. Tan, Ross Soo, Joshua T. C. Tan, Song Yang, Min Thura, Abdul Qader Al-Aidaroos, Wee Joo Chng, Qi Zeng, Boon-Cher Goh
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of PRL3-zumab in patients with advanced solid tumors and hematological malignancies. The results show that PRL3-zumab is safe and tolerable, with stable disease observed in some solid tumor patients.
Article
Oncology
Yiqing Huang, Joseph J. Zhao, Yu Yang Soon, Adrian Kee, Sen Hee Tay, Folefac Aminkeng, Yvonne Ang, Alvin S. C. Wong, Lavina D. Bharwani, Boon Cher Goh, Ross A. Soo
Summary: Primary resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment is a common issue in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this study, we identified female gender, an elevated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) of >= 3 at 6 weeks, and a later line of immunotherapy treatment (>= 2 lines) as predictive factors for primary resistance to ICI monotherapy.
Article
Oncology
Kumar Prabhash, Daniel Shao Weng Tan, Ross A. Soo, Piyada Sitthideatphaiboon, Yuh Min Chen, Pei Jye Voon, Elisna Syahruddin, Sojung Chu, Reto Huggenberger, Byoung-Chul Cho
Summary: KINDLE-Asia evaluated treatment patterns and survival outcomes in patients with stage III non-small cell lung cancer in Asia, showing diverse treatment patterns and survival outcomes in the region. The high prevalence of EGFRm and PD-L1 expression suggests the need for expanding molecular testing in Asia.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alice Geaney, Paul O'Reilly, Perry Maxwell, Jacqueline A. James, Darragh Mcart, Manuel Salto-Tellez
Summary: Digital pathology and artificial intelligence have transformed oncology research and cancer diagnostics, allowing for better interpretation of pathology images and improved quantitation of biomarkers. Different approaches of artificial intelligence can solve various problems in pathology workflows and have the potential to revolutionize clinical trials and create complex biomarkers for cancer patients.
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
R. A. Soo, U. Dafni, J-Y. Han, B. C. Cho, E. Nadal, C. M. Yeo, E. Carcereny, J. de Castro, M. A. Sala Gonzalez, L. Coate, M. Provencio Pulla, C. Britschgi, P. Vagenknecht, G. Dimopoulou, R. Kammler, S. P. Finn, S. Peters, R. A. Stahel
JOURNAL OF THORACIC ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
R. OHara, C. Kin Liam, A. Rozila Ahmad, T. -C. Hsia, J. Zhou, D. -W. Kim, R. Andrew Soo, Y. Cheng, S. Lu, S. Won Shin, J. Chih-Hsin Yang, Y. Zhang, J. Zhao, R. Bruns, A. Johne, Y. -L. Wu
JOURNAL OF THORACIC ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Ross A. Soo, Eng Huat Tan, Hidetoshi Hayashi, Takashi Seto, Chia-Chi Lin, Sai-Hong Ignatius Ou, Dong-Wan Kim, Geoffrey Liu, Antonello Abbattista, Jean-Francois Martini, Francois Martini, Chew Hooi Wong, Francesca Toffalorio, Benjamin J. Solomon
Summary: This study analyzed the efficacy and safety of Lorlatinib in Asian and non-Asian patients with pretreated ALK-positive advanced NSCLC. The results showed substantial antitumor activity of Lorlatinib in both Asian and non-Asian patients, with similar incidence of adverse events.