Article
Chemistry, Physical
Iskender Akkurt, Ali Alomari, Meltem Y. Imamoglu, Ismail Ekmekci
Summary: This research focuses on oxyfluoride glasses, which have been the main interest for many researchers for over a decade. The importance of glasses in various applications, especially in radiation shielding for human health, is the reason for this interest. The study investigates the gamma ray shielding characteristics of glasses with the formulation (20-x)CaF2-xAl2O3-20Bi2O3-59B2O3-CuO (x = 3,6,9,12,15) by obtaining linear attenuation coefficients (LAC), effective atomic number (Zeff), and effective electron density (Neff) using Phy-X/PSD code.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Mohammed J. R. Aldhuhaibat, Maitham S. Amana, Najwa J. Jubier, A. A. Salim
Summary: The research evaluated the performance of different materials in absorbing gamma rays, and found that epoxy nanocomposites are effective in shielding gamma radiation.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
W. Chaiphaksa, P. Borisut, H. J. Kim, S. Kothan, J. Kaewkhao
Summary: This study investigated the interaction of gamma-rays with molybdenum-based cesium tri-molybdate and disodium dimolybdate single crystal scintillators. Theoretical calculations showed that the mass attenuation coefficient of both scintillators depended on photon energy and decreased with increasing energy. Experimental results confirmed the theoretical findings, with molybdenum-based cesium tri-molybdate exhibiting higher mass attenuation coefficients compared to disodium dimolybdate scintillator.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Reza Bagheri, Seyed Pezhman Shirmardi
Summary: The properties of borate glasses, such as μm, HVL, σa, Zeff, and Neff, are related to the concentrations of BaO, PbO, and Bi2O3. Bismuth oxide borate glass showed the highest μm and σa values at higher photon energies, while the 50Bi2O3:50B2O3 glass system had the highest Zeff value at 30 keV photon energy.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Said M. Kassem, G. S. M. Ahmed, A. M. Rashad, S. M. Salem, S. Ebraheem, A. G. Mostafa
Summary: The study focused on the influence of lead cations on natural quartz glass shielding material, finding that increasing the concentration of PbO can enhance the shielding behavior towards gamma ray radiation in the glass samples.
NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Demet Yilmaz, Ayse Bayrakceken Yurtcan, Tuba Oznuluer Ozer, Fulya Memioglu
Summary: This study investigates the properties of PEDOT/carbon black composites using methods such as Raman spectroscopy and gamma ray spectrometry. Results show that the CSA dopant significantly enhances the albedo parameters of the composites, while the p-TSA dopant decreases the reflective power of the PEDOT surface. Additionally, composites with different effective atomic numbers exhibit varying scattering behaviors.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Reza Bagheri, Hamzeh Forati Rad, Hassan Ranjbar
Summary: The photon attenuation properties of low melting-point MCP alloys from 5 N Plus Company were evaluated using various programs and methods. The results showed that MCP-124 had the highest shielding efficiency, while MCP-200 had the highest HVL value at 6MeV photon energy.
ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ahmet Tursucu, Youssef Elmahroug, Demet Yilmaz
Summary: This study determined the radiation shielding parameters of oxidized compounds of selected rare earth elements, including the mass absorption coefficient, effective atomic number, electron density, half-value layer, tenth value layer, and mean free path values. Experimental measurements and theoretical calculations were used to calculate the radiation protection parameters. The ParShield and Phy-X programs were found to be satisfactory alternatives to the WinXCOM program.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yusuf Kavun, Suleyman Kerli, Hasan Eskalen, Mustafa Kavgaci
Summary: In this study, pure indium oxide and samarium-doped In2O3 thin films were synthesized using the spray pyrolysis method. The crystal structure and linear attenuation coefficient of the films were characterized and measured, and their radiation shielding performance was evaluated.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
A. M. Abdelmonem, E. O. Echeweozo
Summary: In this study, the interaction parameters of gamma-ray, neutron, and charge particles in nine selected thermoplastic polymers with different densities were investigated. The shielding capabilities of these polymers for special radiation shielding applications were evaluated. The results showed that PES had high shielding capability at lower gamma energies. The range of H+ and He++ ions increased with decreasing density of the samples but increased with projectile energies. PES had the highest stopping power at higher electron energies and lowest range at higher electron energies. Composite of PES and PEK is recommended for use in special radiation protection installations and medical radiotherapy.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
M. Sayyed, Sabina Yasmin, Nouf Almousa, Mohamed Elsafi
Summary: In this research, polymers were fabricated by combining polyester, boron oxide, and tellurium oxide. The radiation protection features of these polymers were examined, and the results showed that the linear attenuation coefficient decreased with increasing energy. The addition of tellurium oxide significantly increased the linear attenuation coefficient at low energy. Moreover, the increase in tellurium oxide content led to a decrease in the half value layer and an improvement in the effective atomic number of the polymers.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Norlaili A. Kabir, Franca Oyiwoja Okoh, Mohd Fahmi Mohd Yusof
Summary: This study explores methods to fabricate and characterize mammography phantoms, analyzing elemental composition, effective atomic number, electron density, attenuation coefficient, and CT number to show similarity with water and breast tissue. Various analytical techniques and software were used to provide effective strategies for phantom preparation.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
P. V. Thulasi, Antony Joseph, K. M. Varier
Summary: The effective atomic numbers and electron densities of polymers used in medical applications were studied for gamma ray interactions in a wide energy range. The variations of these parameters with energy and chemical composition were analyzed and compared to experimental data, showing good agreement. Additionally, the kerma values of these polymers were calculated and found to remain constant within a specific energy range.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Nazlican Sahin, Merve Bozkurt, Yasar Karabul, Mehmet Kilic, Zeynep Guven Ozdemir
Summary: The study aimed to improve the gamma-ray shielding performance of the epoxy polymer matrix by loading it with Yahyali Stone (YS) from Turkey. The YS was found to contain high levels of Fe2O3, SiO2, and Al2O3. Epoxy/YS composites with varying YS content were prepared, and results showed potential for YS to enhance radiation shielding in low-energy applications.
PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Demet Yilmaz, Mehmet Buyukyildiz
Summary: This study focused on the radiation interaction parameters of four calcium compounds commonly used in thermoluminescence dosimetry. CaCO3 was identified as the best tissue equivalent material among the studied calcium-based TLD materials.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Kecheng Jiang, Jinzhao Yang, Xueli Zhao, Lei Chen, Fujun Gou, Songlin Liu
Summary: The blanket, as a key component of the fusion reactor, plays important roles in breeding tritium, shielding neutrons, and extracting thermal energy for electricity generation. Understanding the characteristics of gas-liquid two-phase flow and mass transfer is essential for optimizing the design of tritium extraction units in the blanket.
ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY
(2024)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Anna-Elina Pasi, Teemu Karkela, Fredrik Borjesson Sanden, Unto Tapper, Tuula Kajolinna, Christian Ekberg
Summary: This study investigates the gas-phase interactions between tellurium and organic material under severe nuclear accident conditions. The results show that there is interaction between tellurium aerosols and organic material, leading to an increase in the gaseous fraction and changes in XPS spectra. Although the exact species are not identified, these findings raise questions about the behavior of tellurium and its reactions with organic material in severe accident conditions.
ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY
(2024)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Ao Zhang, Qingye Li, Chaoyong Zong, Fuwen Liu, Tianhang Xue, Jian Xiao, Xueguan Song
Summary: In this study, a high-fidelity computational fluid dynamics model was established to investigate the flow characteristics of a novel balanced globe valve. The study found that the size of the throttle orifice and valve disc displacement have a significant impact on fluid force. The findings provide a basis for the design and dynamic control of globe valves, and also have potential value for energy utilization.
ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY
(2024)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Wenbo Li, Yunqing Bai, Shuai Zhang, Yang Li, Ming Jin, Chunjing Li
Summary: In this study, a 3D-CFD model based on the SUPERCAVNA facility was established to analyze thermal stratification in liquid-metal-cooled nuclear reactors. The results show that the SKE model is the most accurate in predicting temperature distribution, and further parametric studies were conducted.
ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY
(2024)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Song Jin, Di Jiang, Dongmei Wang, Shaojie Wang, Zhen Wang
Summary: This study presents the fragility evaluation of a nuclear containment structure subjected to earthquake and subsequent internal pressure sequence. Nonlinear finite element model and ground motion records are used to analyze the nonlinear response and fragility of the structure. Results show that the distribution of maximum strain and displacement of the structure under earthquake and subsequent pressure are significantly different, with displacement distribution related to ground motion intensity levels.
ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY
(2024)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Kazumasa Shimada, Tatsuya Sakurahara, Pegah Farshadmanesh, Seyed Reihani, Zahra Mohaghegh
Summary: This research improves the realism of Level 3 probabilistic risk assessment for nuclear power plants by modeling the evacuation behavior of residents and incorporating two advancements. The first advancement uses evacuation speed from a transportation simulation code as input to the Level 3 PRA code, enabling explicit incorporation of spatiotemporal evacuation processes. The second advancement incorporates the probability of seismic damage to roadway bridges into Level 3 PRA and calculates evacuation routes and speeds considering the impact of seismic damage.
ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY
(2024)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
F. Mascari, A. Bersano, M. Massone, G. Agnello, O. Coindreau, S. Beck, L. Tiborcz, S. Paci, M. Angelucci, L. E. Herranz, R. Bocanegra, Y. Pontillon, M. Berdai, O. Cherednichenko, A. Iskra, M. Nudi, P. Groudev, P. Petrova, F. Kretzschmar, F. Gabrielli, Z. Kanglong, V. Vileiniskis, T. Kaliatka, J. Kalilainen, M. Malicki, D. Gumenyuk, Y. Vorobyov, O. Kotsuba, P. Dejardin, M. Di Giuli, R. Thomas, I. V. Ivanov, F. Giannetti, M. D'Onorio, G. Caruso, M. Salay, T. Sevon
Summary: The MUSA project aims to analyze uncertainties and sensitivities associated with severe accidents using a harmonized approach, particularly focusing on source term figures of merit. The project applied and tested uncertainty quantification methodologies using the PHEBUS FPT1 test. The study found that scripting for coupling SA codes and uncertainty tools can increase flexibility, and careful consideration should be given to selecting the input uncertain parameters.
ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY
(2024)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Ian Greenquist, Nathan Capps
Summary: The US nuclear energy industry is investigating strategies to increase reactor operating cycle to 24 months. Multiphysics simulations tools and methodologies are being developed to predict the effects of this change during transient events such as loss-of-coolant accidents (LOCAs).
ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY
(2024)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Guangchun Zhang, Hu Zhang
Summary: In this study, a neutron transport code called TARS is introduced, which is based on the discrete-ordinates discontinuous finite element method. TARS provides accurate and efficient solutions to the neutron transport equation, addressing existing challenges in the field. The evaluation results demonstrate that TARS generates highly accurate solutions and achieves high parallel computation efficiency.
ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY
(2024)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
J. R. Daniels, M. M. R. Williams, M. D. Eaton
Summary: This paper presents the development and verification of a collision probability (CP) code for neutron transport in slabs and cylinders. The CP code is particularly useful for modelling layered systems of aqueous and organic plutonium nitrate. The code provides a computationally inexpensive alternative to higher fidelity codes like MCNP. It is effective for slab geometries with at least 0.7 g cm-2 plutonium, but its approximation for heterogeneous cylinders can lead to overestimation of neutron leakage. Increasing the cylinder radius to 40.0 cm improves the accuracy for systems with at least 2.75 kg plutonium. However, the code's accuracy decreases when modelling cylindrical geometries with dished ends and low plutonium content.
ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY
(2024)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Alexander A. Ryzhkov, Georgy V. Tikhomirov, Mikhail Yu. Ternovykh
Summary: This paper analyzes the impact of nuclear data uncertainties on the safety of advanced reactors, with a specific focus on angular distribution uncertainties. Through sensitivity and uncertainty analysis, key parameters for MOX3600 are identified, and a comparison of different libraries' uncertainties on the eigenvalue is performed.
ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY
(2024)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Y. Fontenla, A. Vidal-Ferrandiz, A. Carreno, D. Ginestar, G. Verdu
Summary: FEMFFUSION is an open source code that solves the multigroup neutron transport equation using the diffusion and the SPN approximations. It uses the finite element method to handle various geometries and problem dimensions, and has been verified against the C5G7 benchmark.
ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY
(2024)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
J. Tyler Gates, Pavel V. Tsvetkov
Summary: The Optical Fiber Based Gamma Thermometer utilizes optical fiber as a distributed temperature sensor to measure the temperature of a thermal mass undergoing gamma heating and calculate the gamma flux data. This technology shows promise in determining the local power density within a nuclear reactor core and provides an unparalleled level of precision in reactor power measurement.
ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY
(2024)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
A. de Lara, A. Schubert, E. Shwageraus, P. Van Uffelen
Summary: This study presents a new methodology to derive the radial form factor in the TRANSURANUS burnup model using simulations. The proposed methodology can be applied to different types of reactors, including LWRs and HWRs, and is suitable for advanced technology fuels.
ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY
(2024)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
A. Bousbia Salah, M. Di Giuli, P. Foucaud, R. Iglesias, A. Malkhasyan, M. Salmaoui, L. E. Herranz
Summary: In the framework of the R2CA project, the application of advanced codes for evaluating radiological release under design basis accidents was considered. The study focused on a specific scenario and assessed the results obtained by different organizations using different computational tools and approaches. The outcomes highlighted modeling differences and challenges in carrying out such analysis.
ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY
(2024)