Article
Neurosciences
Taketoshi Sugimura, Yasuhiko Saito
Summary: Cholinergic inputs modulate cerebellar functions, with varying proportions of cholinergic neurons projecting from the prepositus hypoglossi nucleus (PHN) to different cerebellar regions. The study found that cholinergic PHN neurons project not only to the vestibulocerebellum but also to other areas, with differing proportions depending on the target cerebellar areas and the rostro-caudal regions of the PHN. This provides insights into the involvement of cerebellar cholinergic networks in gaze holding.
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Moussa Toudou-Daouda, Cosmin Alecu, Nicolas Chausson, Nana Rahamatou Aminou-Tassiou, Leonard Smadja, Djibril Soumah, Manvel Aghasaryan, Tony Al Tarcha, Didier Smadja
Summary: Isolated cerebellar nodulus infarction (ICNI) and acute peripheral vestibulopathy (APV) share great clinical similarity, but can be differentiated by specific symptoms. Discriminant clinical elements of ICNI include direction-changing gaze-evoked nystagmus, bilateral leaning or falling, and a normal head impulse test.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Marialuisa Tognolina, Anita Monteverdi, Egidio D'Angelo
Summary: The cerebellar cortex microcircuit has a highly ordered neuronal architecture and a relatively simple and stereotyped connectivity pattern. Recent evidence suggests that the operations of the cerebellum are more complex than expected, due to the role of neuronal and synaptic properties. Advanced imaging, electrophysiological techniques and computational models have been used to investigate the dynamics of the neuronal ensembles in the cerebellar network.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Editorial Material
Behavioral Sciences
Timothy Lawn, Dominic Ffytche
Summary: The study identified structural differences in cerebellar subfields linked to cortical attentional networks in patients with visual hallucinations due to eye diseases or Parkinson's disease. Commentary on the study suggested functional cerebellar changes in Dementia with Lewy bodies. The study reviewed evidence for cerebellar involvement in hallucinations across clinical conditions and sensory modalities, and proposed the potential value of cerebellar subfield differences as predictive biomarkers and treatment targets.
Review
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Fynn Bergmann, Rob Gray, Svenja Wachsmuth, Oliver Hoener
Summary: This systematic review aimed to accumulate empirical knowledge on the influence of practice design and coaching behavior on skill acquisition in soccer. Results showed that theory-driven instructional approaches and specific aspects of practice task design can positively impact technical and tactical skills, but there were large differences in study quality and outcomes.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Software Engineering
Krzysztof Wolski, Laura Trutoiu, Zhao Dong, Zhengyang Shen, Kevin Mackenzie, Alexandre Chapiro
Summary: In this work, a novel perception-centered approach is used to quantify distortions on 3D geometry of faces. A large-scale dataset, including 100 high-quality and demographically-balanced face scans, is generated and subjected to distortions for subjective evaluation. The dataset, with over 84,000 quality comparisons, is the largest ever psychophysical dataset for geometric distortions. The data can be used for various applications such as metrics, compression, and level-of-detail rendering.
ACM TRANSACTIONS ON GRAPHICS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Timothy R. Macaulay, Scott J. Wood, Austin Bollinger, Michael C. Schubert, Mark Shelhamer, Michael O. Bishop, Millard F. Reschke, Gilles Clement
Summary: This study reports the results of multiple tests for vestibular asymmetry in 32 healthy participants. Significant correlations were found between different aspects of vestibular asymmetry, suggesting consistent underlying vestibular asymmetries in healthy individuals. These findings are important for understanding balance dysfunction, motion sickness susceptibility, and adaptation to new environments.
Review
Immunology
Lydia J. Bradley, Amy Ward, Madeleine C. Y. Hsue, Jian Liu, David A. Copland, Andrew D. Dick, Lindsay B. Nicholson
Summary: Ocular inflammation imposes significant burden on patients and healthcare systems, with classification of uveitis severity remaining a challenge. Experimental autoimmune uveitis models can replicate clinical features and provide insights into tissue changes, offering potential for new approaches to monitoring tissue health with modern image processing techniques.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Teresa Sousa, Joao Duarte, Gabriel N. Costa, Valentin G. Kemper, Ricardo Martins, Rainer Goebel, Miguel Castelo-Branco
Summary: Neuroimaging studies have found that hMT+ encodes global motion interpretation, and through experiments exploring perception and the impact of perceptual organization size on neural responses, the study concludes that BOLD response patterns reflect both sensory input and perceptual read-out.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Jinya Soga, Masayuki Matsuyama, Hiroaki Miura, Stephen Highstein, Robert Baker, Yutaka Hirata
Summary: Multiple frequency components in motor motions require adjustment through motor learning, with the cerebellum playing a crucial role in frequency competitive motor learning. The study on goldfish VOR shows that both gain-up and gain-down learning are involved in motor skill acquisition, with the unique ability of the oculomotor system to handle different frequency components.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Patrik Polgari, Luisa Weiner, Jean-Baptiste Causin, Gilles Bertschy, Anne Giersch
Summary: This study aims to find an objective neuropsychological equivalent of racing thoughts in a mixed group of bipolar disorder patients and healthy controls by using a bistable perception paradigm. The results indicate that in subjects with racing thoughts, automatic perceptual processes escape cognitive control mechanisms.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Alexander Kuc, Vladimir Maksimenko, Andrey Savosenkov, Nikita Grigorev, Vadim Grubov, Artem Badarin, Victor Kazantsev, Susanna Gordleeva, Alexander Hramov
Summary: When viewing a Necker cube, observers have a bias towards perceiving it from an above perspective rather than a below perspective. This bias is more pronounced when the cube is less ambiguous and diminishes as the ambiguity level increases. EEG signals suggest that the occipital theta-band power reflects evidence accumulation, while the frontal theta-band power reflects evaluation and decision-making processes.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Konstantina Kilteni, Christian Houborg, Henrik Ehrsson
Summary: The brain compensates for intrinsic delays in sensory feedback by predicting the sensory consequences of movement through a forward model. However, even minimal temporal errors disrupt this predictive attenuation, leading to perceptual and neural changes.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Alexis Cheviet, Jana Masselink, Eric Koun, Romeo Salemme, Markus Lappe, Caroline Froment-Tilikete, Denis Pelisson
Summary: Saccadic adaptation is a cerebellar-dependent learning process that aims to preserve saccade accuracy. This study suggests that the cerebellum may contribute to perceptual changes associated with adaptation, in addition to its role in adjusting motor commands.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
James C. Dooley, Greta Sokoloff, Mark S. Blumberg
Summary: The study found the emergence of cerebellar-dependent internal models in development, which can mimic movements before they occur. This indicates that limb twitches are involved in the development and calibration of internal models, at least until the preweanling period.
Article
Sport Sciences
Alexander Andrea Tarnutzer, Konrad Peter Weber, Christopher J. Bockisch, Dominik Straumann, Nina Feddermann-Demont
Summary: The study aimed to provide sports-specific normative values of peripheral-vestibular function and postural stability for football and ice-hockey players. The results showed that football players performed significantly better in vertical aVOR gains and the BESS compared to ice-hockey players. The study recommends the use of established normative aVOR gain values for high-level football players, while obtaining individual pre-seasonal (baseline) aVOR gain values is proposed for ice-hockey players.
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND MEDICINE IN SPORT
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
A. Pomante, L. P. J. Selen, F. Romano, C. J. Bockisch, A. A. Tarnutzer, G. Bertolini, W. P. Medendorp
Summary: The perception of vertical relies on vestibular and visual cues. This study found that sustained exposure to panoramic and vestibular cues has a local effect on the subsequent perception of vertical, which is mediated by head orientation.
JOURNAL OF VESTIBULAR RESEARCH-EQUILIBRIUM & ORIENTATION
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Gian Marco De Marchis, Patrick R. Wright, Patrik Michel, Davide Strambo, Emmanuel Carrera, Elisabeth Dirren, Andreas R. Luft, Susanne Wegener, Carlo W. Cereda, Georg Kagi, Jochen Vehoff, Henrik Gensicke, Philippe Lyrer, Krassen Nedeltchev, Timo Khales, Manuel Bolognese, Stephan Salmen, Rolf Sturzenegger, Christophe Bonvin, Christian Berger, Ludwig Schelosky, Marie-Luise Mono, Biljana Rodic, Andrea von Reding, Guido Schwegler, Alexander A. Tarnutzer, Friedrich Medlin, Andrea M. Humm, Nils Peters, Morin Beyeler, Lilian Kriemler, David Bervini, Javier Fandino, Lars G. Hemkens, Pasquale Mordasini, Marcel Arnold, Urs Fischer, Leo H. Bonati
Summary: This study aimed to assess the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on acute stroke care in Switzerland. The results showed a significant decrease in hospital admissions and clinical severity of acute cerebrovascular events during the lockdown period, while the delivery and quality of acute stroke care remained unaffected.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Seung-Han Lee, Jae-Myung Kim, Joon-Tae Kim, Alexander Andrea Tarnutzer
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed 6 patients with isolated (hemi)nodular strokes and conducted comprehensive neuro-otological assessments. The study found that the patients had normal horizontal and vertical vestibulo-ocular reflex (aVOR) function but exhibited various ocular motor abnormalities and postural control issues.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Alexander A. Tarnutzer, Daniel Gold, Zheyu Wang, Karen A. Robinson, Jorge C. Kattah, Georgios Mantokoudis, Ali S. Saber Tehrani, David S. Zee, Jonathan A. Edlow, David E. Newman-Toker
Summary: This study assessed the accuracy of bedside findings in differentiating peripheral vestibular from central neurologic causes. The HINTS eye movement battery had high sensitivity and specificity for stroke diagnosis. These findings suggest that HINTS examination should be disseminated to all clinicians evaluating dizziness/vertigo.
ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Urs Fischer, Masatoshi Koga, Daniel Strbian, Mattia Branca, Stefanie Abend, Sven Trelle, Maurizio Paciaroni, Goetz Thomalla, Patrik Michel, Krassen Nedeltchev, Leo H. Bonati, George Ntaios, Thomas Gattringer, Else-Charlotte Sandset, Peter Kelly, Robin Lemmens, P. N. Sylaja, Diana Aguiar de Sousa, Natan M. Bornstein, Zuzana Gdovinova, Takeshi Yoshimoto, Marjaana Tiainen, Helen Thomas, Manju Krishnan, Gek C. Shim, Christoph Gumbinger, Jochen Vehoff, Liqun Zhang, Kosuke Matsuzono, Espen Kristoffersen, Philippe Desfontaines, Peter Vanacker, Angelika Alonso, Yusuke Yakushiji, Caterina Kulyk, Dimitri Hemelsoet, Sven Poli, Ana Paiva Nunes, Nicoletta Caracciolo, Peter Slade, Jelle Demeestere, Alexander Salerno, Markus Kneihsl, Timo Kahles, Daria Giudici, Kanta Tanaka, Silja Raty, Rea Hidalgo, David J. Werring, Martina Goldlin, Marcel Arnold, Cecilia Ferrari, Seraina Beyeler, Christian Fung, Bruno J. Weder, Turgut Tatlisumak, Sabine Fenzl, Beata Rezny-Kasprzak, Arsany Hakim, Georgia Salanti, Claudio Bassetti, Jan Gralla, David J. Seiffge, Thomas Horvath, Jesse Dawson
Summary: This study aimed to compare the effect of early initiation versus later initiation of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) on acute ischemic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the incidence of recurrent ischemic stroke, systemic embolism, major extracranial bleeding, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage, or vascular death within 30 days between early and later use of DOACs.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Martina Wuthrich, Zheyu Wang, Carlos Mario Martinez, Sergio Carmona, Georgios Mantokoudis, Alexander Andrea Tarnutzer
Summary: This study assessed the patterns of spontaneous nystagmus (SN) in patients with acute prolonged vertigo and its diagnostic accuracy at the bedside. The findings showed that horizontal or horizontal-torsional SN was more often observed in peripheral AVS (pAVS) patients, while torsional and/or vertical SN patterns were more prevalent in central AVS (cAVS) patients. For central causes, the presence of isolated vertical/vertical-torsional SN or isolated torsional SN had high specificity but low sensitivity. The absence of any horizontal SN was more frequently seen in cAVS than in pAVS.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Simone Hemm, Denise Baumann, Vasco Duarte da Costa, Alexander Andrea Tarnutzer
Summary: The Fukuda-stepping-test (FST) is proposed as a method to assess the integrity of the vestibular pathways. This study found individual differences in the test performance, which may be due to variations in the macular organs and central processing of vestibular input. Using an IMU-based approach, additional dynamic parameters could be retrieved, providing useful information for distinguishing patients from healthy controls.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Norbert Silimon, Boudewijn Drop, Leander Clenin, Krassen Nedeltchev, Timo Kahles, Alexander A. Tarnutzer, Mira Katan, Leo Bonati, Stephan Salmen, Sylvan Albert, Alexander Salerno, Emmanuel Carrera, Christian Berger, Nils Peters, Friedrich Medlin, Carlo Cereda, Manuel Bolognese, Georg Kaegi, Susanne Renaud, Julien Niederhauser, Christophe Bonvin, Michael Schaerer, Marie-Luise Mono, Andreas Luft, Biljana Rodic-Tatic, Urs Fischer, Simon Jung, Marcel Arnold, Thomas Meinel, David Seiffge
Summary: This study investigated the frequency, potential causes, and outcomes of ischaemic stroke in patients despite antiplatelet therapy (APT). It was found that one-third of patients experienced stroke while on APT, and 20% of patients with a history of stroke did not receive antithrombotic therapy during stroke recurrence. These patients with breakthrough strokes despite APT are at an increased risk of recurrent stroke.
EUROPEAN STROKE JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Maritta Spiegelberg, Ekin Ermis, Andreas Raabe, Alexander Andrea Tarnutzer
Summary: A rare case of triggered episodic vestibular syndrome accompanied by transient loss of consciousness caused by retrostyloidal vagal schwannoma is described. The patient experienced nausea, dysphagia, and odynophagia triggered by swallowing food, resulting in weight loss and an inability to work. Treatment with radiosurgery showed reduction of symptoms.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Alexander Andrea Tarnutzer, Toru Seo, Chisato Fujimoto, Dominik Straumann, Toshihisa Murofushi
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Pilar Garces, Chrystalina A. Antoniades, Anna Sobanska, Norbert Kovacs, Sarah H. Ying, Anoopum S. Gupta, Susan Perlman, David J. Szmulewicz, Chiara Pane, Andrea H. Nemeth, Laura B. Jardim, Giulia Coarelli, Michaela Dankova, Andreas Traschuetz, Alexander A. Tarnutzer
Summary: Oculomotor deficits in hereditary ataxia are often neglected in clinical ataxia scales and outcome measures for trials. However, quantitative assessment of oculomotor function is now more available and applicable in multicenter trials. Based on a literature review, this consensus paper proposes a standardized methodology for assessing oculomotor function in hereditary ataxia and provides guidelines for data extraction. Standardization of oculomotor assessments will advance our understanding of oculomotor dysfunction in hereditary ataxias.
Article
Neurosciences
Pilar Garces, Chrystalina A. Antoniades, Anna Sobanska, Norbert Kovacs, Sarah H. Ying, Anoopum S. Gupta, Susan Perlman, David J. Szmulewicz, Chiara Pane, Andrea H. Nemeth, Laura B. Jardim, Giulia Coarelli, Michaela Dankova, Andreas Traschuetz, Alexander A. Tarnutzer
Summary: Characterizing bedside oculomotor deficits is important in understanding hereditary ataxias. Quantitative assessments provide advantages in monitoring disease progression and treatment response. This study identifies the potential of quantitative oculomotor assessments as outcome measures for clinical trials in specific ataxia genotypes.
Review
Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
Alexander A. Tarnutzer, Jonathan A. Edlow
Summary: Acute vertigo and dizziness are common presenting symptoms in the emergency department and can be caused by various conditions. Algorithms incorporating structured history taking and subtle oculomotor signs have high diagnostic accuracy, while other approaches relying on vascular risk factors and clinical symptoms have lower accuracy.
AUDIOLOGY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
F. J. Ahlhelm, A. A. Tarnutzer, K. Shariat
Summary: Cavernous malformations are angiodysplasias that can be sporadic or familial and cause symptoms even without a left-to-right shunt. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is superior to computed tomography (CT) for lesion detection, especially for lesions without acute hemorrhage or calcifications. MRI is also useful for differentiating the familial form from the sporadic form.
