Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jonathan Turpin, Daed El Safadi, Gregorie Lebeau, Morgane Krejbich, Camille Chatelain, Philippe Despres, Wildriss Viranaicken, Pascale Krejbich-Trotot
Summary: Cell death by apoptosis is a major cellular response in the control of tissue homeostasis and viral clearance. This study focuses on the interplay between Zika virus (ZIKV) infection and apoptosis in different cell types, and how the virus deals with this cellular response. The effects of ZIKV-controlled apoptosis are dual, depending on the timing and context, and understanding this interplay may have implications for ZIKV-related therapies and the use of ZIKV as an oncolytic agent.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Oncology
M. A. Franzoi, E. Romano, M. Piccart
Summary: As immunotherapy becomes a new treatment modality for breast cancer, there is increasing interest in combinatorial therapies, especially in the early disease setting. Despite the plethora of ongoing immunotherapy trials in early breast cancer, solid data in advanced disease are still lacking. This review looks at efforts to establish the efficacy and safety of immunotherapeutic agents in early breast cancer.
ANNALS OF ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Cell & Tissue Engineering
David Cyranoski, Douglas Sipp, Shreyashee Mallik, John E. J. Rasko
Summary: In 2013, Japan implemented a conditional approval pathway for cell and gene therapies. However, an analysis of four products approved via this pathway raises questions about the adequacy of safety and efficacy data provided by the sponsors and whether this pathway is fulfilling its intended purpose.
Editorial Material
Medical Laboratory Technology
Aldo Clerico, Alberto Aimo, Massimiliano Cantinotti
Summary: This editorial discusses the clinical relevance of cardiac specific biomarkers in infants with bronchiolitis. NT-proBNP levels were significantly associated with prolonged hospitalization and duration of therapy, while cTnI levels showed no significant correlation. Further multi-center studies are needed to evaluate the clinical significance of these biomarkers more accurately in infants with bronchiolitis.
CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2021)
Editorial Material
Ecology
Dominic McAfee, Robert Costanza, Sean D. Connell
Summary: Despite criticism that restoration efforts are too small in scale, small successes can lead to large-scale solutions by injecting social values and optimism. Human values are crucial for achieving socio-ecological sustainability, and understanding human behavior is arguably more important than understanding ecological processes.
TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Economics
Lisa L. Posey, Paul D. Thistle
Summary: This study examines public policy towards the use of genetic tests by insurers, particularly when a positive test makes actuarially fair insurance too expensive for some consumers. The research shows that in markets with adverse selection, a positive genetic test may cause high-risk individuals to drop out, necessitating cross-subsidization for full participation by all consumers. Additionally, the study finds that under complete genetic discrimination, the duty to disclose is never dominated by Pareto efficiency, while under partial genetic discrimination, the duty to disclose is similarly not dominated, indicating complexities in policy alternatives.
JOURNAL OF HEALTH ECONOMICS
(2021)
Review
Oncology
W. Glenn McCluggage, Tjalling Bosse, C. Blake Gilks, Brooke E. Howitt, Jessica N. McAlpine, Marisa R. Nucci, Joseph T. Rabban, Naveena Singh, Karen L. Talia, Carlos Parra-Herran
Summary: An updated FIGO staging system for endometrial carcinoma was introduced in June 2023, incorporating non-anatomical parameters to make staging more personalized and relevant. The authors propose a global evaluation to understand the impact, scope, and supporting evidence of the proposed changes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGICAL CANCER
(2023)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Lloyd Atkinson, Francesca Martin, Roger G. Sturmey
Summary: The concept of ovarian rejuvenation using oogonial stem cells (OSCs) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection is promising but their clinical potential and safety mechanisms remain largely unknown. Further research and understanding of the mechanisms behind PRP action on the ovary are needed before its immediate clinical application.
HUMAN REPRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Mark Marshall, Jennifer Ivanovich, Morgan Schmitt, Amy Helvie, Lisa Langsford, Jennifer Casterline, Michael Ferguson
Summary: Precision oncology involves selecting effective treatments for cancer patients based on genomic profiling of their tumors. While progress has been slower in pediatric oncology compared to adult oncology, advancements made in adult cancer treatments over the past decade are now being applied to young high-risk and hard-to-treat patients. The FDA has approved 23 targeted drugs for pediatric cancer, making them a standard of care.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Psychiatry
Nadia Micali, Moritz Herle
Summary: Eating disorders have a significant impact on an individual's well-being and are associated with a higher mortality rate compared to other psychiatric disorders.
ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Fatos Selita, Robert Chapman, Yulia Kovas, Vanessa Smereczynska, Maxim Likhanov, Teemu Toivainen
Summary: Timely and effective regulation is crucial for genetic advances, especially in the context of justice systems. A study found that Supreme Court judges in Romania had stronger endorsement and more consistent views on the use of genetic data and technologies compared to other justice stakeholders. Judges and lawyers widely recognized the need for amending relevant laws to ensure appropriate regulation.
NEW GENETICS AND SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Lenka Kuglerova, Gustaf Nilsson, Eliza Maher Hasselquist
Summary: This study found that recently established riparian buffers in northern Sweden provided large volumes of deadwood shortly after their establishment, but this could jeopardize long-term regeneration. The volume of deadwood decreased with increasing buffer width, and the narrowest buffers were more prone to wind blowdowns. Overall, wider buffers were found to be a safer riparian management strategy for sustaining deadwood provision and other ecological objectives continuously in the long term.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Hao Hao, Aimin Zhou, Hong Qian, Hu Zhang
Summary: Building a relationship model as a surrogate method for costly real models can effectively evaluate evolutionary multiobjective optimization problems.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON EVOLUTIONARY COMPUTATION
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Yuan Yuan, Wolfgang Banzhaf
Summary: We propose a new surrogate-assisted evolutionary algorithm for expensive multiobjective optimization. The algorithm uses two classification-based surrogate models, addresses dominance prediction problem using deep learning techniques, and integrates the surrogate models with multiobjective evolutionary optimization using a two-stage preselection strategy. Experimental results show the superiority of the proposed algorithm compared with several representative surrogate-assisted algorithms.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON EVOLUTIONARY COMPUTATION
(2022)
Article
Ethics
Marta Perin, Luca Ghirotto, Ludovica De Panfilis
Summary: The study demonstrates the challenges and difficulties physicians face in performing shared ACP for patients with dementia, especially in synchronizing the time of shared ACP with the rapid development of dementia. Results suggest that further training on communication about ACP is urgently needed to facilitate the implementation of shared ACP. Involvement of institutions and other professionals is also crucial in promoting ACP in healthcare institutions.