Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Tingting Long, Ke Liu, Jieyi Long, Jiaoyuan Li, Liming Cheng
Summary: This study evaluates the association between dietary glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) and cancer risk through a systematic review and meta-analysis. The findings suggest that a high GI diet increases the overall risk of cancer, particularly for lung cancer and breast cancer, although the certainty of evidence is low.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Honggang Qi, Dan Xia, Xin Xu
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between dietary glycemic index (GI) or glycemic load (GL) and renal cancer risk. The results showed a significant association between high GI and renal cancer risk, while there was no significant association between GL and renal cancer risk.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Farshad Teymoori, Hossein Farhadnejad, Nazanin Moslehi, Parvin Mirmiran, Ebrahim Mokhtari, Fereidoun Azizi
Summary: The study revealed that a diet high in GL, GI, II, and IL can increase the incidence of diabetes. Glycemic and insulin load are stronger predictors of diabetes risk compared to glycemic index and insulin index.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Masoud Amini Kahrizsangi, Zohreh Ebrahimi, Zainab Shateri, Fatemeh Mansouri, Ali Zangene, Milad Rajabzadeh-Dehkordi, Mehran Nouri, Bahram Rashidkhani
Summary: This study found that there is a positive correlation between high glycemic load, high insulin load, and high glycemic index with the odds of developing colorectal cancer. On the other hand, high carbohydrate quality index and low-carbohydrate diet score are significantly negatively associated with the odds of colorectal cancer. Therefore, it is recommended to follow a diet with high-quality carbohydrates, low glycemic index, and low glycemic load to minimize the risk of developing colorectal cancer.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Xin Xu, Nitin Shivappa
Summary: In summary, analysis of the PLCO cohort did not provide evidence that higher GI or GL diets were associated with greater bladder cancer risk. The associations did not differ by continuous analyses.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Camilla Medeiros Macedo da Rocha, Vanessa Proeza Maciel Gama, Amanda de Moura Souza, Edna Massae Yokoo, Eliseu Verly Junior, Katia Vergetti Bloch, Rosely Sichieri
Summary: Low glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) diets are effective for glycemic control, especially for overweight and obese individuals. However, for individuals with normal weight, glycemic load is a better measure of carbohydrate quality.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Simonetta Fois, Piero Pasqualino Piu, Manuela Sanna, Tonina Roggio, Pasquale Catzeddu
Summary: The study demonstrated the health benefits of using wholemeal flour and sourdough fermentation in pasta making, with wholemeal semolina exhibiting higher starch digestibility compared to semolina. Addition of sourdough in the formulation effectively reduced rapidly digestible starch content and glycemic load of the pasta.
Article
Polymer Science
Dan Gan, Minjun Xu, Ling Chen, Shaohua Cui, Changyong Deng, Qian Qiao, Ruimiao Guan, Fang Zhong
Summary: Gummies, with the right formula, can control glycemic response and provide healthier options for people in control of glucose homeostasis.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Alessia Quarta, Miriana Guarino, Roberta Tripodi, Cosimo Giannini, Francesco Chiarelli, Annalisa Blasetti
Summary: In children with type 1 diabetes, a healthy lifestyle is crucial for glycemic control and reducing inflammatory effects. Glycemic index and load are important indicators to assess the quality of food consumed. Recent studies have shown that incorporating low-glycemic-index foods into the diet can result in better glycemic stability and reduced hyperglycemic peaks.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Matteo Di Maso, Livia S. A. Augustin, David J. A. Jenkins, Greta Carioli, Federica Turati, Benedetta Grisoni, Anna Crispo, Carlo La Vecchia, Diego Serraino, Jerry Polesel
Summary: Evidence suggests that adhering to a cholesterol-lowering diet can reduce the risk of prostate cancer (PCa). Men who fulfill 5 to 7 dietary indicators associated with cholesterol reduction have a 43% lower risk of PCa compared to those who fulfill 0 to 2 indicators.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Angelos Vlahoyiannis, Christoforos D. Giannaki, Giorgos K. Sakkas, George Aphamis, Eleni Andreou
Summary: This study found that moderate low carbohydrate intake increased the duration and proportion of N3 sleep stage, while high carbohydrate intake prolonged rapid eye movement (REM) stage duration. The changes in both quantity and quality of carbohydrates significantly impacted sleep onset latency and sleep continuation measures, indicating the need for further research on the effects of long-term carbohydrate interventions on sleep.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jennifer M. Mongiovi, Jo L. Freudenheim, Kirsten B. Moysich, Susan E. McCann
Summary: This study found an association between higher glycemic index and glycemic load with a lower risk of ovarian cancer, but caution should be taken in interpreting the results as they may have been influenced by limitations such as lack of variability in dietary intake. Additional studies are needed to better understand the driving factors behind these associations.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Y-Thanh Lu, Madhawa Gunathilake, Jeonghee Lee, Jae Hwan Oh, Hee Jin Chang, Dae Kyung Sohn, Aesun Shin, Jeongseon Kim
Summary: The study showed a significant association between high GI or GL diets and an increased risk of colorectal cancer. Furthermore, the risk of rectal cancer with low GI and GL diets could be modified by the genetic variant ADIPOQ T45G in the Korean population.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Marilyn Arosemena, Maria V. Salguero, Rochelle N. Naylor, Kristen Wroblewski, Esra Tasali, Louis H. Philipson
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the sleep patterns in adults with maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY). Participants with glucokinase (GCK)-MODY and transcription factor (TF)-related MODY (HNF1A, HNF1B, HNF4A) were recruited. Results showed that sleep disturbances were common in participants with MODY, despite the absence of traditional risk factors for sleep disorders. Participants with TF-related MODY had poorer objective sleep quality and increased night-to-night variability in sleep patterns compared to those with GCK-MODY. Further research is needed to explore the relationship between sleep and diabetes in this population.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ilaria Guccini, Guanghui Tang, Trang Thuy To, Laura Di Rito, Solange Le Blanc, Oliver Strobel, Mariantonietta D'Ambrosio, Emiliano Pasquini, Marco Bolis, Pamuditha Silva, Hasan Ali Kabakci, Svenja Godbersen, Andrea Alimonti, Gerald Schwank, Markus Stoffel
Summary: The rate-limiting enzyme of fructose metabolism, KHK, is found to be a driver of pancreatic cancer (PDAC) development. Fructose triggers the activation of KHK and induces the expression of fructolytic genes in PDAC. Genetic inactivation of KhkC enhances the survival of KPC-driven PDAC and reduces the viability and growth of KPC cells, likely through impairing KRAS-MAPK pathway and mTORC signaling. These findings suggest that inhibiting KHK could be a promising therapeutic strategy for pancreatic cancer.
Article
Oncology
Margherita Pizzato, Carlo La Vecchia, Matteo Malvezzi, Fabio Levi, Paolo Boffetta, Eva Negri, Michela Dalmartello
Summary: This study aimed to predict cancer mortality rates for several countries, focusing on colorectal cancer. The research used official death certification and population data from WHO and the United Nations Population Division databases. The results showed declining total cancer mortality rates in all countries and both sexes, with Russia having the highest predicted rates for 2022 and Israel and Korea having the lowest rates. Colorectal cancer mortality trends were downward, but it remains a major cause of cancer mortality.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER PREVENTION
(2023)
Article
Dermatology
Simone Cazzaniga, Lucia De Ponti, Giorgio Maria Baratelli, Salvatore Francione, Carlo La Vecchia, Anna Di Landro, Andrea Carugno, Marco Di Mercurio, Lerica Germi, Giampaolo Trevisan, Mirko Fenaroli, Claudia Capasso, Michele Pezza, Pietro Dri, Emanuele Castelli, Luigi Naldi
Summary: Promoting self-examination and providing early dermatological advice can help anticipate melanoma diagnosis and improve survival rates at the population level. Smartphones can be used to transfer clinical images taken by patients to physicians through an app.
DERMATOLOGY REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Giovanna Esposito, Federica Turati, Diego Serraino, Anna Crispo, Eva Negri, Fabio Parazzini, Carlo La Vecchia
Summary: Adherence to the recommendations of the WCRF/AICR has a favorable role in reducing endometrial cancer risk, particularly among women with normal weight, older age, post-menopause, and those with more than 2 children.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Federica Turati, Federica Concina, Marta Rossi, Federica Fiori, Maria Parpinel, Martina Taborelli, Attilio Giacosa, Anna Crispo, Eleonora Pagan, Valentina Rosato, Eva Negri, Carlo La Vecchia
Summary: This study found an inverse association between the intake of galactooligosaccharides (GOSs) and colorectal cancer risk. No association was found with total inulin-type fructans (ITFs) and fructooligosaccharides (FOSs).
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Joy Shi, Peter Kraft, Bernard A. Rosner, Yolanda Benavente, Amanda Black, Louise A. Brinton, Chu Chen, Megan A. Clarke, Linda S. Cook, Laura Costas, Luigino Dal Maso, Jo L. Freudenheim, Jon Frias-Gomez, Christine M. Friedenreich, Montserrat Garcia-Closas, Marc T. Goodman, Lisa Johnson, Carlo La Vecchia, Fabio Levi, Jolanta Lissowska, Lingeng Lu, Susan E. McCann, Kirsten B. Moysich, Eva Negri, Kelli O'Connell, Fabio Parazzini, Stacey Petruzella, Jerry Polesel, Jeanette Ponte, Timothy R. Rebbeck, Peggy Reynolds, Fulvio Ricceri, Harvey A. Risch, Carlotta Sacerdote, Veronica W. Setiawan, Xiao-Ou Shu, Amanda B. Spurdle, Britton Trabert, Penelope M. Webb, Nicolas Wentzensen, Lynne R. Wilkens, Wang Hong Xu, Hannah P. Yang, Herbert Yu, Mengmeng Du, Immaculata De Vivo
Summary: To mitigate the burden of endometrial cancer, risk stratification can help target interventions. The study developed risk prediction models using data from postmenopausal White women aged 45-85 years. The models based on epidemiologic factors alone successfully identified women at high risk of endometrial cancer, with limited improvements from genetic factors.
JNCI-JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Barbara D'Avanzo, Ilaria Ardoino, Eva Negri, Diego Serraino, Anna Crispo, Attilio Giacosa, Werner Garavello, Francesca Bravi, Federica Turati, Cristina Bosetti, Elena Fattore, Carlo La Vecchia, Carlotta Franchi
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between canned fish consumption and the risk of upper digestive tract cancers. The findings suggest that canned fish may have a beneficial role in reducing the risk of oral cavity and pharynx cancer and gastric cancer, but not esophageal cancer.
NUTRITION AND CANCER-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Oncology
M. Malvezzi, C. Santucci, P. Boffetta, G. Collatuzzo, F. Levi, C. La Vecchia, E. Negri
Summary: This study predicts cancer mortality figures for 2023 in the European Union, its five most populous countries, and the UK, with a focus on lung cancer. The results show that the decline in lung cancer mortality reflects advancements in tobacco control, and further efforts are needed to control overweight and obesity, alcohol consumption, infection, and related neoplasms, as well as improve screening, early diagnosis, and treatments. These efforts may achieve a 35% reduction in cancer mortality in the EU by 2035.
ANNALS OF ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Oncology
Riccardo Bomben, Francesca Maria Rossi, Filippo Vit, Tamara Bittolo, Antonella Zucchetto, Robel Papotti, Erika Tissino, Federico Pozzo, Massimo Degan, Jerry Polesel, Pietro Bulian, Roberto Marasca, Gianluigi Reda, Luca Laurenti, Jacopo Olivieri, Annalisa Chiarenza, Roberta Laureana, Massimiliano Postorino, Maria Ilaria Del Principe, Antonio Cuneo, Massimo Gentile, Fortunato Morabito, Gilberto Fronza, Agostino Tafuri, Francesco Zaja, Robin Foa, Francesco Di Raimondo, Giovanni Del Poeta, Valter Gattei
Article
Urology & Nephrology
J. Smith Torres-Roman, Gabriel De la Cruz-Ku, Valeria Juarez-Leon, Delahnie Calderon-Solano, Janina Bazalar-Palacios, Carlo La Vecchia, Paulo S. Pinheiro
Summary: The incidence of kidney cancer has been increasing globally, but the mortality rates and trends in South America, particularly Peru, have remained poorly explored. This study analyzed data from the Peruvian Ministry of Health database and found that kidney cancer mortality has been rising in Peru, particularly among men. The coastal regions, especially Callao and Lambayeque, had the highest mortality rates, while the rainforest provinces had the lowest rates, especially among women.
Article
Oncology
Giulia Collatuzzo, Federica Turati, Matteo Malvezzi, Eva Negri, Carlo La Vecchia, Paolo Boffetta
Summary: This study estimated the number of cancers attributable to occupational carcinogens in Italy. By using a counterfactual scenario of no exposure and considering latency, the study calculated the attributable fraction of cancer. The most prevalent occupational carcinogens were found to be UV radiation, diesel exhaust, wood dust, and silica dust. The study highlighted the substantial burden of occupational cancers in Italy and the importance of surveillance of carcinogens in the workplace.
Review
Oncology
Elena De Mattia, Jerry Polesel, Silvia Mezzalira, Elisa Palazzari, Sara Pollesel, Giuseppe Toffoli, Erika Cecchin
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the clinical value of RAS, TP53, BRAF, PIK3CA, and SMAD4 mutations and microsatellite instability (MSI) status as markers for pathological complete response (pCR) in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) patients who received preoperative radiation-based therapy. The study found that KRAS mutations were significantly associated with the risk of not achieving pCR after preoperative treatment, especially in patients who did not receive cetuximab. No other markers were associated with pCR. Implementing KRAS mutation testing in clinical practice could improve the management of LARC patients.
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Michela Dalmartello, Francesca Chiaffarino, Giovanna Esposito, Sonia Cipriani, Elena Ricci, Carlo La Vecchia, Fabio Parazzini, Luca Persani, Eva Negri
Summary: This review found that high maternal weight, primiparity, and early weight gain were associated with an increased risk of early breast onset/development, while preterm birth was associated with late breast onset/development. Results were inconsistent for smoking in pregnancy, maternal hypertensive disorders, breastfeeding, diabetes, and small for gestational age. No association was found for maternal age at delivery, alcohol drinking, and selected drug use during pregnancy, and low birth weight. This highlights the importance of studying the interconnections between pre/postnatal environmental exposures and their impact on puberty.
EARLY HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Luisella Vigna, Michela Carola Speciani, Amedea Silvia Tirelli, Francesca Bravi, Carlo La Vecchia, Caterina Conte, Francesca Gori
Summary: This study examined the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and metabolic syndrome in a population of overweight/obese workers. The results showed that individuals with higher vitamin D levels had a lower risk of developing metabolic syndrome.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Cristina Bosetti, Claudia Santucci, Fabiola Signorini, Francesca Cortellaro, Giorgia Villa, Carlotta Rossi, Giovanni Nattino, Guido Bertolini
Summary: Early identification of sepsis is crucial in the emergency department. A large real-world analysis in Lombardy, Italy reveals an increase in sepsis cases referred to the ED in recent years. However, approximately one-third of sepsis cases are not correctly identified at triage.
INTERNAL AND EMERGENCY MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Silvano Gallus, Giansanto Mosconi, Chiara Stival, Andrea Amerio, Guido Bertolini, Cristina Bosetti, Luca Cavalieri d'Oro, Tiziana Fanucchi, Licia Iacoviello, Alessandra Lugo, David Stuckler, Giacomo P. Vigezzi, Alberto Zucchi, Anna Odone, Lost Lombardia Project Investigators
Summary: This study examined the prevalence and determinants of physical and mental superheroes among older adults. The results showed that female sex, higher age, disadvantaged socio-economic status, and physical inactivity were inversely related to being superheroes. Not smoking, alcohol abstention, and absence of feelings of hopelessness were associated with meeting the definition of superheroes.
AGING CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
