Review
Neurosciences
Lutz Slomianka
Summary: Generating numbers for neuroanatomy studies is crucial for clarity and objectivity, with design-based stereological methods being effective in providing accurate descriptions. While challenging at times, these methods are not overly difficult, and can generate practically useful numbers that integrate with qualitative knowledge.
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Liam Anuj O'Leary, Naguib Mechawar
Summary: Postmortem investigations have revealed lower expression levels and densities of astrocytes in individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD), suggesting a loss of astrocytes in this mental illness. Studies comparing astrocyte density and morphometry show that human subcortical brain regions have more abundant and smaller astrocytes than cortical regions. These findings provide insight into the potential role of astrocyte pathology in MDD and suggest a hypothesis for the antidepressant effects of ketamine.
Article
Engineering, Geological
Xuefeng Li, Chenyan Du, Xing Wang, Junhui Zhang
Summary: An accurate measurement method of crack fabric is proposed based on the density, geometry, and spatial distribution in cracks. The crack is automatically identified and determined through image processing techniques. The method utilizes high-order fabric tensor to quantitatively describe the anisotropy of cracks, with higher-order tensor providing more accurate direction and degree of anisotropy. The proposed method is verified to be rational and effective through CT image analyses.
ROCK MECHANICS AND ROCK ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lindong Han, Junke Wang, Tianxin Zhao, Yuhao Wu, Yuexin Wei, Jiadong Chen, Lian Kang, Lianju Shen, Chunlan Long, Zhengwei Yang, Shengde Wu, Guanghui Wei
Summary: DEHP exposure during prepubertal stage can lead to testicular injury, characterized by reduced testicular volume, abnormal hormone levels, and structural damage. Transcriptome profiling identified differential gene expression related to key signaling pathways in response to DEHP exposure.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Wentao Jia, Chunhui Su, Hongbo Zhang, Xiangyu Zou, Guozhong Ren, Qinlei Wei, Mengjie Zhao, Chaoyu Ma
Summary: In this study, stereology and fractal analysis were used to investigate the relationship between stereology parameters, fractal dimension, and mechanical properties of Nd: YAG transparent ceramics sintered at 1750?C. The results showed that as the equivalent sphere diameter (D3S) increased, compressive strength, flexural strength, and Vickers hardness increased linearly; while specific surface area per unit volume of grains, discrete grains, and mean free distance had a negative impact on the mechanical properties.
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Tomislav Susnjar, Ivana Kuzmic Prusac, Ivan Svagelj, Andela Jurisic, Tomislav Susnjar, Antonija Jurisic, Miro Jukic, Zenon Pogorelic
Summary: The study compared the consequences of single and triple testicular biopsies in pubertal rats using histological and immunohistochemical analysis. The results showed that a single biopsy had minimal effects on overall fertility, while triple biopsies caused more significant histological and immunohistochemical consequences without significantly impacting overall fertility. Sperm analysis demonstrated that both single and triple biopsies had no significant effect on sperm count, motility, and morphology.
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Run-run Xu, Miao-quan Li
Summary: The microstructure of isothermally compressed gamma-TiAl alloy was analyzed, revealing an increase in beta(0) grains and a decrease in remnant alpha(2)/gamma lamellar colonies and alpha(2) grains, while the volume fraction of gamma grains increased. The study also found that isothermal compression accelerates the alpha ->gamma phase transformation, with the first transformation resembling ledge-controlled transformation. Additionally, the second transformation is achieved by alpha/gamma phase interface immigration.
TRANSACTIONS OF NONFERROUS METALS SOCIETY OF CHINA
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Edwin Coleridge S. Naidu, Samuel Oluwaseun Olojede, Sodiq Kolawole Lawal, Carmen Olivia Rennie, Onyemaechi Okpara Azu
Summary: This review explores the potential toxic effects of nanoparticles on testicular tissue and sperm morphology when conjugated with antiretroviral drugs, as well as the role of stereological techniques in assessing testicular morphology in HAART. Additionally, it discusses the penetration and pharmacokinetics of NPs in relation to testicular tissue and the blood-testis barrier, along with the various classes of NPs used in delivering antiretroviral drugs in biomedical and clinical research. Considerations for minimizing nanoparticle-drug toxicity, enhancing permeability, maximizing drug efficacy, ensuring bioavailability, and formulating HAART-NPs fabrication are also thoroughly discussed.
PHARMACOLOGY RESEARCH & PERSPECTIVES
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Alberte M. Andersen, Sanne S. Kaalund, Lisbeth Marner, Lisette Salvesen, Bente Pakkenberg, Mikkel V. Olesen
Summary: Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a combination of symptoms, and the aggregation of misfolded alpha-synuclein in oligodendrocytes may contribute to the neurodegeneration seen in MSA. This review summarizes stereological data on cell numbers and volumes in MSA patients' brains, and compares them with imaging findings and MSA symptomatology. The stereological results support the common neuropathological findings of neurodegeneration and gliosis in the brains of MSA patients.
NEUROPATHOLOGY AND APPLIED NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Christoph Birzle, Hannah Schrader, Andreas Blutke, Hermann Ferling, Karin Scholz-Goppel, Rudiger Wanke, Julia Schwaiger
Summary: In 2013, diclofenac (DCF) was listed as an emerging pollutant by the European Union due to its high concentrations in surface waters. The effects of DCF on fish have been controversially discussed. To assess the risk of DCF, a 28-day exposure experiment was conducted on rainbow trout. The study found that DCF concentrations as low as 0.5 μg/L had significant effects on fish plasma concentrations and histomorphological parameters of gills and trunk kidneys.
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Pathology
Laurence A. Galea, Sue Sturrock, Sree Appu, Darren J. Katz
Summary: The study found that DF fixation resulted in better histomorphological quality of testicular biopsies compared to formalin fixation, with reduced sloughing of cells, cytoplasmic shrinkage, improved nuclear chromatin detail, decreased cytoplasmic graininess, and better overall clarity of morphological detail. The diagnostic concordance between DF fixed and formalin fixed biopsies was 90.8%, supporting the use of DF as a superior alternative fixative for histological assessment of testicular biopsies.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Patrik Mik, Katsiaryna Barannikava, Polina Surkova
Summary: Liver fibrosis assessment usually involves staining liver tissue with Masson's trichrome or picrosirius red to quantify liver connective tissue (LCT) and determine fibrosis score. However, there have been concerns about the accuracy of these semiquantitative assessments, and significant variations in the amount of LCT in healthy rats have been observed. To address this reproducibility crisis in science, it is crucial to examine the results and methods, and develop an unbiased and reproducible method for LCT assessment.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Nicolas Elie, Florence Giffard, Cecile Blanc-Fournier, Pierre-Marie Morice, Pierre-Emmanuel Brachet, Soizic Dutoit, Benoit Plancoulaine, Laurent Poulain
Summary: This study developed a fully automated and robust method for quantifying protein biomarker expression in high-grade serous ovarian tumors. By considering staining heterogeneity and using mathematical thresholds, the method can be used to guide pathologists in therapeutic decision-making. The method showed good correlation with pathologists' classification and is replicable for analyzing other biological and medical issues.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Tanya R. Vigen, Tomasz Brudek, Bente Pakkenberg, Mikkel Olesen
Summary: Thalamus is a brain region involved in Multiple System Atrophy (MSA) and quantitative studies have shown region-specific changes in neuron and glial cell populations in MSA patients compared to healthy controls. These pathological changes in the thalamus may contribute to cognitive impairment in most MSA patients.
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Priscylla Costa Dantas, Helen Cristina Pinto Santos, Hakan Bozdogan, Jose Eduardo Serrao, Geraldo Andrade Carvalho
Summary: This study described the morphology of the reproductive organs of the predatory insect Chrysoperla externa, commonly used in biological control programs in Latin America. It was found that while there were no differences in the reproductive tract of virgin and mated males and females, the development of reproductive tract structures was faster in mated females.
MICROSCOPY RESEARCH AND TECHNIQUE
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Ali Rafati, Ali Noorafshan, Mahboubeh Jahangir, Leila Hosseini, Saied Karbalay-Doust
Article
Cell Biology
Ali Noorafshan, Maedeh Hashemi, Saied Karbalay-Doust, Fatemeh Karimi
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mahmoud Omidi, Hossein Niknahad, Ali Noorafshan, Reza Fardid, Elham Nadimi, Samaneh Naderi, Azizollah Bakhtari, Afshin Mohammadi-Bardbori
BIOLOGICAL TRACE ELEMENT RESEARCH
(2019)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Siavash Babajafari, Masoumeh Akhlaghi, Seyed Mohammad Mazloomi, Mehdi Ayaz, Ali Noorafshan, Peyman Jafari, Abdollah Hojhabrimanesh
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Ali Noorafshan, Fatemeh Karimi, Ali-Mohammad Kamali, Saied Karbalay-Doust, Mohammad Nami
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Siavash Babajafari, Abdollah Hojhabrimanesh, Zahra Sohrabi, Mehdi Ayaz, Ali Noorafshan, Atefeh Akrami
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Alireza Aminsharifi, Alireza Monsef, Ali Noorafshan, Saied Karbalay-Doust, Zahra Jafarinezhad, Omid Koohi-Hosseinabadi, Afshin Molaei
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Vida Naderi-boldaji, Siyavash Joukar, Ali Noorafshan, Alireza Raji-amirhasanib, Samaneh Naderi-boldaji, Mohammad-abbas Bejeshk
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Vida Naderi-Boldaji, Siyavash Joukar, Ali Noorafshan, Mohammad-Ali Bahreinipour
CARDIOVASCULAR TOXICOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ali Gohari, Ali Noorafshan, Masoumeh Akmali, Fahimeh Zamani-Garmsiri, Atefeh Seghatoleslam
IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2018)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Ali Eslahi, Ali Noorafshan, Ali-Reza Safarpour, Masood Sepehrimanesh, Ali Ariafara, Elham Nadimi
CENTRAL EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF UROLOGY
(2017)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Masoomeh Mohamadpour, Ali Noorafshan, Saied Karbalay-Doust, Tahereh Talaei-Khozani, Elham Aliabadi
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE BIOMEDICINE
(2017)
Letter
Biology
Ali Noorafshan, Ali Rafati, Saied Karbalay-Doust
Article
Biology
Reza Mahmoudi, Zahra Honarmand, Saied Karbalay-Doust, Mehrzad Jafari-Barmak, Mohsen Nikseresht, Ali Noorafshan
Article
Biology
Ali Noorafshan, Fatemeh Karimi, Saied Karbalay-Doust, Ali Mohammad Kamali
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Rongyan Sun, Yubo Zhou, Jiao Liang, Lihong Yang, Zhengjun Fan, Huali Wang
Summary: This study found that knockdown of MDM2 can attenuate vascular endothelial dysfunction in hypertension, which may be achieved through inhibiting the activation of Notch1 and NLRP3 inflammasome.
ANNALS OF ANATOMY-ANATOMISCHER ANZEIGER
(2024)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
E. M. Fernandez-Rubio, R. J. Radlanski
Summary: This study investigates the development of the primary and secondary temporomandibular joints in humans, focusing on their coexistence and subsequent separation. The findings reveal that both joints develop simultaneously and remain connected for over 6 weeks before separating at around the 18th to 24th week. Understanding the precise timing and functional movements involved in the development of these joints is crucial for comprehending the overall development of the temporomandibular joint.
ANNALS OF ANATOMY-ANATOMISCHER ANZEIGER
(2024)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Nawwaf Sebastian Damen, Sorin Hostiuc, Adelina Maria Jianu, Bogdan Adrian Manta, Mugurel Constantin Rusu, Mihai Adrian Dobra
Summary: This study documented the anatomical variations of the left renal vein (LRV) through a retrospective analysis of 375 computed tomography angiograms. Five different anatomical types of LRV were identified, and a new anatomical classification system for the retroaortic LRV (RLRV) was proposed.
ANNALS OF ANATOMY-ANATOMISCHER ANZEIGER
(2024)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Harald Knof, Markus Berndt, Thomas Shiozawa
Summary: This study investigated the impact of online learning conditions on the oral exam performance of medical students. The results showed that students who used collaborative learning strategies were able to assess their abilities more realistically. However, the learning strategies did not have an impact on exam results.
ANNALS OF ANATOMY-ANATOMISCHER ANZEIGER
(2024)
Review
Anatomy & Morphology
Felix Margenfeld, Adib Zendehdel, Giorgio Tamborrini, Magdalena Mueller-Gerbl
Summary: This study is the first scoping review to screen ultrasound studies on human cadaver joints and revealed a heterogeneous field. It is recommended to use a uniform method for conducting and presenting ultrasound examinations in future studies.
ANNALS OF ANATOMY-ANATOMISCHER ANZEIGER
(2024)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Rafael Heiss, Svenja A. Hoeger, Michael Uder, Thilo Hotfiel, Jannis Hanspach, Frederik B. Laun, Armin M. Nagel, Frank W. Roemer
Summary: This study utilized 7 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to assess morphological and functional changes in skeletal muscle during exercise-induced delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS). The results showed significant alterations in T2 signal intensity and T2 values immediately after exercise and 60 hours later. These findings suggest the potential use of ultra-high field MRI in sports medicine to monitor microstructural muscle damage and guide appropriate therapeutic strategies.
ANNALS OF ANATOMY-ANATOMISCHER ANZEIGER
(2024)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Lukasz Olewnik, Nicol Zielinska, Kacper Ruzik, Michal Podgorski, Przemyslaw Kicinski, Rui Diogo, Friedrich Paulsen
Summary: This study provides the first comprehensive classification of the fibularis brevis tendon based on its insertion in human fetuses and evaluates the prevalence of fibularis digiti quinti.
ANNALS OF ANATOMY-ANATOMISCHER ANZEIGER
(2024)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Denise Bonente, Virginia Barone, Vitaliano Francesco Muzii, Sara Ottolenghi, Miriam Durante, Sandra Bracco, Claudio Nicoletti, Eugenio Bertelli
Summary: This study characterizes the morphology and topography of the spina musculi recti lateralis (SMRL) and compares it to known bony landmarks. The results show that the SMRL is a process of the sphenoidal orbital plate and serves as a reliable landmark for the insertion of the tendinous ring and lateral rectus. This is an important variation for orbital surgeons to be aware of.
ANNALS OF ANATOMY-ANATOMISCHER ANZEIGER
(2024)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Fatih Cicek, Selim Cinaroglu, Faruk Gazi Ceranoglu, Erkut Kucuk, Kursad Ramazan Zor
Summary: This study revealed the nerve innervation of the orbicularis oculi muscle for BoNT treatment of blepharospasm using Sihler's staining technique. It identified precise crossing points of these nerves, which can be targeted for BoNT administration, leading to more efficient outcomes and reduced expenses.
ANNALS OF ANATOMY-ANATOMISCHER ANZEIGER
(2024)
