Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alba Vilchez-Acosta, Yasmina Manso, Adrian Cardenas, Alba Elias-Tersa, Magdalena Martinez-Losa, Marta Pascual, Manuel Alvarez-Dolado, Angus C. Nairn, Victor Borrell, Eduardo Soriano
Summary: The extracellular protein Reelin, derived from both CR cells and GABAergic interneurons, plays a crucial role in regulating the migration and positioning of cortical neurons during development. Disruptions in Reelin can lead to developmental disorders and neuropsychiatric disorders.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Joshua R. Enck, Eric C. Olson
Summary: This study confirms that Cajal-Retzius neurons in the cortical marginal zone can influence the development of cortical projection neurons by releasing glutamate and glycine, providing insight into the observation that many autism-linked genes are expressed in the developing cortex before the appearance of synapses and functional circuits.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Ioana Genescu, Mar Anibal-Martinez, Vladimir Kouskoff, Nicolas Chenouard, Caroline Mailhes-Hamon, Hugues Cartonnet, Ludmilla Lokmane, Filippo M. Rijli, Guillermina Lopez-Bendito, Frederic Gambino, Sonia Garel
Summary: This study reveals the interaction between thalamic activity and Cajal-Retzius cells (CRc) in the construction of the cortical layer 1 (L1). Thalamic activity and NMDA receptors regulate the early density of CRc, which in turn affects the distribution of upper layer interneurons and excitatory synapses, resulting in a significant impact on the activity of output pyramidal neuron dendrites.
Article
Neurosciences
Lana Vasung, Chenying Zhao, Matthew Barkovich, Caitlin K. Rollins, Jennings Zhang, Claude Lepage, Teddy Corcoran, Clemente Velasco-Annis, Hyuk Jin Yun, Kiho Im, Simon Keith Warfield, Alan Charles Evans, Hao Huang, Ali Gholipour, Patricia Ellen Grant
Summary: This study reveals an association between structural changes in the cerebral cortex and gene expression levels, particularly highlighting the relationship between the FLNA gene and cortical evolving organization. The findings suggest the need for further research to identify early MRI biomarkers of gene expression in abnormal cortical development.
Review
Cell Biology
Knut Kirmse, Chuanqiang Zhang
Summary: GABAergic signaling plays a crucial role in the inhibitory stabilization and coordination of excitatory neurons in mature cortical circuits. This review examines how GABA-releasing interneurons acquire their network functions during development, focusing on the visual neocortex and hippocampus in mice and rats. The authors propose that inhibitory stabilization is not functional at the onset of patterned activity, and that glutamatergic neurons are stable by themselves. The strengthening of inhibitory synaptic transmission toward eye opening shapes cortical network dynamics and allows the developing cortex to disengage from extra-cortical synaptic drive. The framework presented in this review has implications for our understanding of human cortical development and the treatment of neonatal seizures.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Elmira Jalilian, Su Ryon Shin
Summary: Human cortical organoids (hCOs) derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) lack important non-neural tissues, such as the meningeal layer, which are crucial for normal corticogenesis and brain development. In this study, a 3D co-culture system was used to incorporate a thin layer of meningeal cells around the brain organoids from the early stages of cortical development. The presence of meningeal cells led to enhanced laminar organization, increased expression of specific cortical markers, and the formation of outer radial glial and astrocytes. This study provides a novel co-culture platform to better mimic the in vivo cortical brain structure and investigate neurodevelopmental disorders.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ilke Uguz, Kenneth L. Shepard
Summary: In this study, we demonstrate that high-density, high-capacitance PEDOT:PSS electrodes can be used for surface stimulation and recording of neural activity with excellent adhesion to the brain surface in chronic experiments. By combining optical imaging and depth electrodes, bidirectional communication with pyramidal neurons can be achieved within spatial limits.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wenny Wong, Jason A. Estep, Alyssa M. Treptow, Niloofar Rajabli, Jennifer N. Jahncke, Teresa Ubina, Kevin M. Wright, Martin M. Riccomagno
Summary: The mature mammalian cortex is composed of 6 architecturally and functionally distinct layers. The assembly of this layered structure involves the establishment of the glial scaffold and the migration of postmitotic neurons. Cas proteins play a functional and redundant role during cortical lamination, acting downstream of transmembrane Dystroglycan and β1-Integrin in a radial glial cell-autonomous manner. These findings establish a new and essential role for Cas adaptor proteins in cortical circuit formation and scaffold formation.
Review
Neurosciences
Rosa Cossart, Sonia Garel
Summary: The construction of cortical circuits is influenced by evolutionary mechanisms, changes in developmental programmes, and the need to adapt to the external world. Understanding the different stages of cortical construction and how cellular functions change over time is essential for studying cortical wiring in health and disease.
NATURE REVIEWS NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Zhe Wu Jin, Kwang Ho Cho, Dong Yuan Xu, Ya Qian You, Ji Hyun Kim, Gen Murakami, Hiroshi Abe
ANNALS OF ANATOMY-ANATOMISCHER ANZEIGER
(2020)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Minako Sato, Kwang Ho Cho, Masahito Yamamoto, Hidetomo Hirouchi, Gen Murakami, Hiroshi Abe, Shinichi Abe
SURGICAL AND RADIOLOGIC ANATOMY
(2020)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Michitake Ishii, Kwang Ho Cho, Kei Kitamura, Masahito Yamamoto, Gen Murakami, Jose Francisco Rodriguez-Vazquez, Shin-Ichi Abe
Summary: The study found that during embryonic development, the bony elements of the craniocervical junction gradually separate and change, with individual differences in topographical relationships between the three elements.
ANATOMICAL RECORD-ADVANCES IN INTEGRATIVE ANATOMY AND EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Shogo Hayashi, Ji Hyun Kim, Kwang Ho Cho, Gen Murakami, Joerg Wilting, Jose Francisco Rodriguez-Vazquez
ANNALS OF ANATOMY-ANATOMISCHER ANZEIGER
(2020)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Kei Kitamura, Ji Hyun Kim, Kwang Ho Cho, Gen Murakami, Jose Francisco Rodriguez-Vazquez, Hitoshi Yamamoto
Summary: This study found regional differences in shape and orientation of human fetal zygapophysial joints, as well as changes in synovial recess development during prenatal growth. This suggests that the development of synovial recesses may play a role in the flexibility of the vertebral column during fetal development.
ANATOMICAL RECORD-ADVANCES IN INTEGRATIVE ANATOMY AND EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Namiko Sugai, Kwang Ho Cho, Gen Murakami, Hiroshi Abe, Eiichi Uchiyama, Hideji Kura
Summary: The distribution of Pacinian corpuscles (PCs) in the plantar subcutaneous tissue is not well known. The study found that almost half of the sole PCs were located at the level of the proximal phalanx, especially on the superficial side of the long flexor tendons. Infants' PCs in the sole seem to have a specific function and may play a role in the initial learning of walking.
SURGICAL AND RADIOLOGIC ANATOMY
(2021)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Kwang Ho Cho, Zhe Wu Jin, Shinichi Umeki, Masahito Yamamoto, Gen Murakami, Shin-ichi Abe, Jose Francisco Rodriguez-Vazquez
Summary: The study found that in near-term fetuses, the orbital muscle covered the inferior orbital fissure, while in adults, the orbital muscle was a smaller muscle bundle connecting different bones. The lesser wing attachment of the orbital muscle in adults likely established after birth. The strong immunoreactivity of remnant-like orbital muscle in elderly individuals suggests that the muscle may still react to increased venous flow, though it may not have clinical significance.
SURGICAL AND RADIOLOGIC ANATOMY
(2021)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Kwang Ho Cho, Akihiro Takahashi, Masahito Yamamoto, Hidetomo Hirouchi, Shuichiro Taniguchi, Yudai Ogawa, Gen Murakami, Shin-Ichi Abe
Summary: Unlike typical nerves, the optic nerve has a unique structure with a thick dural sheath, a thin pia mater sheath, and multiple septa that divide the nerve fibers. These structures play a role in protecting and supporting the optic nerve. Additionally, the optic nerve has complex connections with other eye tissues, and the central artery of the retina provides a vascular sheath for the optic nerve. Some of these features are consistent between fetuses and adult specimens.
ANATOMICAL RECORD-ADVANCES IN INTEGRATIVE ANATOMY AND EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Kwang Ho Cho, Toshimasa Machida, Masahito Yamamoto, Kei Kitamura, Jun Shimazaki, Jiro Iimura, Kazunari Higa, Gen Murakami, Shin-ichi Abe
Summary: This study aims to describe the direct contact between the optic nerve and/or internal carotid artery with the mucosa of the sphenoid sinus. The histological sections of skull bases from elderly cadavers were observed, and it was found that there was a thin bony septum between the sphenoid sinus and the optic nerve or internal carotid artery, which could be a potential danger point during surgery.
SURGICAL AND RADIOLOGIC ANATOMY
(2022)
Letter
Anatomy & Morphology
Kwang Ho Cho, Masahito Yamamoto, Gen Murakami, Jose Francisco Rodriguez-Vazquez
SURGICAL AND RADIOLOGIC ANATOMY
(2022)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Kwang Ho Cho, Noriyuki Sato, Masahito Yamamoto, Genji Watanabe, Shuichiro Taniguchi, Gen Murakami, Shin-ichi Abe
Summary: This study aimed to demonstrate the composite fibers of the lamina cribrosa (LC) and their layer-specific distributions. The results showed that the LC beam usually had fewer elastic fibers than the septa, but an elastic fiber-rich zone was observed along the scleral flange.
ANNALS OF ANATOMY-ANATOMISCHER ANZEIGER
(2023)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Kwang Ho Cho, Shogo Hayashi, Zhe Wu Jin, Ji Hyun Kim, Gen Murakami, Jose Francisco Rodriguez-Vazquez
Summary: Background: Embryonic pulmonary veins are absorbed into the left atrium to provide an adult morphology with four separate veins draining into the atrium. Materials and methods: Serial histological sections were obtained from 27 human embryos and fetuses. Results: Between 5 and 6 weeks, the four pulmonary veins joined together to form a larger trunk-like structure than the initial left atrium. Cardiac nerves ran along the posterior aspect of the veins. At 7 weeks, the cardiac nerves elongated and separated the left pulmonary vein trunk from the expanding left atrium. At 8-12 weeks, the opening of the left and right pulmonary veins became distant, and the left atrial posterior wall was flat and smooth. Conclusion: The four-ostia pattern seemed to be established at birth due to increased venous return from the lung.
SURGICAL AND RADIOLOGIC ANATOMY
(2023)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Kwang Ho Cho, Yohei Honkura, Ji Hyun Kim, Shogo Hayashi, Kei Kitamura, Gen Murakami, Jose Francisco Rodriguez-Vazquez
Summary: The topographical relationships among the lower cranial nerves, internal carotid artery (ICA), and internal jugular vein (IJV) in the upper parapharyngeal neurovascular bundle were examined in this study.
ANATOMICAL RECORD-ADVANCES IN INTEGRATIVE ANATOMY AND EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Kwang Ho Cho, Ichiro Morimoto, Masahito Yamamoto, Shinya Hanada, Gen Murakami, Jose Francisco Rodriguez-Vazquez, Shinichi Abe
ANATOMY & CELL BIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Zhe Wu Jin, Kwang Ho Cho, Shunichi Shibata, Masahito Yamamoto, Gen Murakami, Jose Francisco Rodriguez-Vazquez
ANATOMY & CELL BIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Rongyan Sun, Yubo Zhou, Jiao Liang, Lihong Yang, Zhengjun Fan, Huali Wang
Summary: This study found that knockdown of MDM2 can attenuate vascular endothelial dysfunction in hypertension, which may be achieved through inhibiting the activation of Notch1 and NLRP3 inflammasome.
ANNALS OF ANATOMY-ANATOMISCHER ANZEIGER
(2024)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
E. M. Fernandez-Rubio, R. J. Radlanski
Summary: This study investigates the development of the primary and secondary temporomandibular joints in humans, focusing on their coexistence and subsequent separation. The findings reveal that both joints develop simultaneously and remain connected for over 6 weeks before separating at around the 18th to 24th week. Understanding the precise timing and functional movements involved in the development of these joints is crucial for comprehending the overall development of the temporomandibular joint.
ANNALS OF ANATOMY-ANATOMISCHER ANZEIGER
(2024)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Nawwaf Sebastian Damen, Sorin Hostiuc, Adelina Maria Jianu, Bogdan Adrian Manta, Mugurel Constantin Rusu, Mihai Adrian Dobra
Summary: This study documented the anatomical variations of the left renal vein (LRV) through a retrospective analysis of 375 computed tomography angiograms. Five different anatomical types of LRV were identified, and a new anatomical classification system for the retroaortic LRV (RLRV) was proposed.
ANNALS OF ANATOMY-ANATOMISCHER ANZEIGER
(2024)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Harald Knof, Markus Berndt, Thomas Shiozawa
Summary: This study investigated the impact of online learning conditions on the oral exam performance of medical students. The results showed that students who used collaborative learning strategies were able to assess their abilities more realistically. However, the learning strategies did not have an impact on exam results.
ANNALS OF ANATOMY-ANATOMISCHER ANZEIGER
(2024)
Review
Anatomy & Morphology
Felix Margenfeld, Adib Zendehdel, Giorgio Tamborrini, Magdalena Mueller-Gerbl
Summary: This study is the first scoping review to screen ultrasound studies on human cadaver joints and revealed a heterogeneous field. It is recommended to use a uniform method for conducting and presenting ultrasound examinations in future studies.
ANNALS OF ANATOMY-ANATOMISCHER ANZEIGER
(2024)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Rafael Heiss, Svenja A. Hoeger, Michael Uder, Thilo Hotfiel, Jannis Hanspach, Frederik B. Laun, Armin M. Nagel, Frank W. Roemer
Summary: This study utilized 7 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to assess morphological and functional changes in skeletal muscle during exercise-induced delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS). The results showed significant alterations in T2 signal intensity and T2 values immediately after exercise and 60 hours later. These findings suggest the potential use of ultra-high field MRI in sports medicine to monitor microstructural muscle damage and guide appropriate therapeutic strategies.
ANNALS OF ANATOMY-ANATOMISCHER ANZEIGER
(2024)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Lukasz Olewnik, Nicol Zielinska, Kacper Ruzik, Michal Podgorski, Przemyslaw Kicinski, Rui Diogo, Friedrich Paulsen
Summary: This study provides the first comprehensive classification of the fibularis brevis tendon based on its insertion in human fetuses and evaluates the prevalence of fibularis digiti quinti.
ANNALS OF ANATOMY-ANATOMISCHER ANZEIGER
(2024)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Denise Bonente, Virginia Barone, Vitaliano Francesco Muzii, Sara Ottolenghi, Miriam Durante, Sandra Bracco, Claudio Nicoletti, Eugenio Bertelli
Summary: This study characterizes the morphology and topography of the spina musculi recti lateralis (SMRL) and compares it to known bony landmarks. The results show that the SMRL is a process of the sphenoidal orbital plate and serves as a reliable landmark for the insertion of the tendinous ring and lateral rectus. This is an important variation for orbital surgeons to be aware of.
ANNALS OF ANATOMY-ANATOMISCHER ANZEIGER
(2024)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Fatih Cicek, Selim Cinaroglu, Faruk Gazi Ceranoglu, Erkut Kucuk, Kursad Ramazan Zor
Summary: This study revealed the nerve innervation of the orbicularis oculi muscle for BoNT treatment of blepharospasm using Sihler's staining technique. It identified precise crossing points of these nerves, which can be targeted for BoNT administration, leading to more efficient outcomes and reduced expenses.
ANNALS OF ANATOMY-ANATOMISCHER ANZEIGER
(2024)