Article
Psychology, Biological
Malcolm F. Rosenthal, Eileen A. Hebets, Rowan McGinley, Cody Raiza, James Starrett, Lin Yan, Damian O. Elias
Summary: Animals use a variety of signals for communication, and understanding how these signals are produced can provide insights into signal evolution. In the case of male Schizocosa floridana wolf spiders, research has shown that they use a combination of shared and novel sound production mechanisms during their mating displays, including a unique tonal signal.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Senthurran Sivalinghem, Andrew C. Mason
Summary: This study investigated the function of structured signaling during courtship in male black widow spiders (L. hesperus). Results showed that larger males had lower signaling rates, suggesting a trade-off between structured signaling and mass. Males that produced structured signals more frequently mated sooner, and impairment of abdominal tremulation did not affect copulation success but elongated mating duration.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Senthurran Sivalinghem, Andrew C. Mason
Summary: This study investigated male signal characteristics, production mechanisms, and transmission efficacy on webs of western black widow spiders. Results showed that males displayed three distinct signal types and organized them into structured displays during later phases of interactions, challenging previous findings of lacking structure in courtship vibrations. Transfer function analyses demonstrated high efficacy in transmitting male signals through female webs, suggesting emergent forms of signal complexity in vibratory communication in L. hesperus.
Article
Biology
Michelle Beyer, Julia Mangliers, Cristina Tuni
Summary: This study found that male spiders use silk-borne chemicals in their nuptial gifts to potentially facilitate female acceptance. Experimental results suggest that gifts covered with unwashed male silk are more likely to be accepted by females.
Article
Ecology
D. S. Parihar, Ripul Ghosh, Aparna Akula, Satish Kumar, H. K. Sardana
Summary: This paper presents a feasibility study on detecting elephants using seismic sensors in a forest environment and characterizing seismic signals generated during elephant locomotion. Frequency analysis shows the highest detection accuracy in the 10-20 Hz filter band. The CWT detection approach outperforms STA/LTA and ASFT with significant improvements in F1-score, especially in the 0-20 m radial distance range.
ECOLOGICAL INFORMATICS
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Ciara E. Kernan, Jessica S. Jones, Tony Robillard, Stefan Schoeneich, Hannah M. ter Hofstede
Summary: Advertising signals in the duetting cricket species Lebinthus bitaeniatus Stal show variability in their components, with trill pulses being stereotyped and ticks being highly variable. Male size is positively correlated with trill pulse number, but not with tick number. Female response amplitude is not related to tick number and increases with trill duration. However, beyond the typical trill duration, female vibrational reply latency becomes erratic, reducing the efficacy of communication despite a greater response amplitude.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yuanjie Jiang, Yuda Chen, Ruyun Tian, Longxu Wang, Shixue Lv, Jun Lin, Xuefeng Xing
Summary: Seismic communication technology utilizes segmented correlation technology with Morse code to process complex seismic waves in vibration environments, improving the signal-to-noise ratio and suppressing other vibration signals.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Michelle Beyer, Kardelen oezguen Uludag, Maylis Lailler, Jonas O. Wolff, Monika J. B. Eberhard, Tomer J. Czaczkes, Cristina Tuni
Summary: In the context of male mate search, following conspecific trails increases the chances of encountering a mating partner, especially if trails provide information about the direction the conspecific went. Yet, trail directionality remains poorly understood. Female spiders deposit silk trails as they walk. We overall show that males follow trails directionally only under a specific context. Males were more likely to follow correctly when trails were unmanipulated (compared to being washed with solvents to remove chemicals) and when they were deposited by relatively larger females (compared to smaller ones). Chemical attributes of trails may potentially indicate directionality, while decoding movement direction from trails of larger females may reflect male preferences for females of higher reproductive value.
BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY AND SOCIOBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Louise Tosetto, Nathan S. Hart, Jane E. Williamson
Summary: This study explored the rapid colour change in the bluelined goatfish, which can change from white to red stripes in a matter of seconds. The research found that this rapid colour change is associated with feeding and may serve as a signal to conspecifics and heterospecifics. This ability to change colour rapidly provides protection and facilitates social communication.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Karl Kristian Kroken, Axel Aas Saethre, Ove Nicolaisen, Torvald Blikra Egeland, Jarle Tryti Nordeide
Summary: This study investigated the evolution of conspicuous red color of the pelvic spines in three-spine sticklebacks using the social selection hypothesis. The results did not support the predictions from the hypothesis, as there was no effect of the color or size of the pelvic spines on the sticklebacks' behavior towards the dummies or on their own behavior.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Lauryn Benedict, Braelei Hardt, Lorraine Dargis
Summary: The transmission of bird song signals varies between males and females of one species, with male song cascades propagating farther than female songs. Additionally, both male and female signals showed variable patterns of excess attenuation, demonstrating varying transmission properties in different contexts. The results support the idea that males and females of the same species can exhibit distinct signal evolution trajectories.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Fangyu Li, Fengyuan Sun, Naihao Liu, Rui Xie
Summary: The proposed method is a generalized seismic noise attenuation solution that efficiently suppresses random noise and achieves better recovery of seismic signal components. The resampling mechanism alleviates signal loss without requiring extensive parameter tuning.
IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Michael O'Donovan, Matthew H. Persons
Summary: Silk serves as a communication medium for spiders, allowing for species recognition, sex identification, and mating status assessment. Spiders can discriminate between their own silk and that of another same-sex conspecific, influencing silk deposition behavior. In the case of the wolf spider Pardosa milvina, both males and females showed different silk deposition patterns when encountering their own silk versus the silk of a conspecific of the same sex. Our findings suggest sex-specific functions for different types of silk.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Anne E. Wignall, Marie E. Herberstein
Summary: Male spiders generate shudder vibrations in the female's web to reduce the risk of being mistaken for prey by females during courtship. These vibrations also delay female aggression towards real prey in the web. The structure of shudder vibrations varies among distantly related spider species, indicating the influence of female preferences on courtship signals. Male courtship in web-building spiders serves multiple functions, including reducing the risk of sexual cannibalism. Shudder vibrations are highly conserved across web-building spider species, but there are variations in their structure.
BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yongming Huang, Yongsheng Ma, Jing Xiao, Wei Liu, Guobao Zhang
Summary: Depression diagnosis based on speech signals offers advantages such as non-invasiveness, low cost, and portability. This research proposes a hierarchical attention temporal convolutional network (HATCN) acoustic depression recognition model that utilizes acoustic information in speech signals. Experimental results show that the proposed model improves recognition performance compared to other methods. Additionally, the impact of noise on acoustic depression recognition in real consultation environments is analyzed, and data enhancement using speech noise proves to be effective.
IET SIGNAL PROCESSING
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
James A. Klarevas-Irby, Damien R. Farine
Summary: Little is known about how animals overcome temporal constraints on movement during dispersal. This study used GPS tracking of vulturine guineafowl and found that dispersers showed the greatest increase in movement at the same times of day when they moved the most prior to dispersal. These findings suggest that individuals face the same ecological constraints during dispersal as they do in daily life and achieve large displacements by maximizing movement when conditions are most favorable.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Simone Ciaralli, Martina Esposito, Stefano Francesconi, Daniela Muzzicato, Marco Gamba, Matteo Dal Zotto, Daniela Campobello
Summary: Male cuckoos may transfer nest location information to females as a nonmaterial nuptial gift through specific postures and behaviors, potentially influencing mating choices of female cuckoos.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Anne E. Aulsebrook, Rowan Jacques-Hamilton, Bart Kempenaers
Summary: Accelerometry and machine learning have been used to quantify mating behaviors of captive male ruffs. Different machine learning methods were compared and evaluated for their classification performance. The study highlights the challenges and potential pitfalls in classifying mating behaviors using accelerometry and provides recommendations and considerations for future research.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Maria G. Smith, Joshua B. LaPergola, Christina Riehl
Summary: This study analyzed individual contributions to parental care in the greater ani bird and found that workload inequality varied between groups of two and three pairs. However, there was no clear evidence of division of labour within the groups, suggesting individual differences in overall work performed.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Noah M. T. Smith, Reuven Dukas
Summary: Winner and loser effects are observed in many animals, and recent experiments suggest that they may also occur in humans. In two experiments involving video games and reading comprehension, participants who won in the first phase performed significantly better in the second phase compared to those who lost. The effect size was larger in the video game experiment, and men and women showed similar magnitudes of winner and loser effects.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Bianca J. L. Marcellino, Peri Yee, Shannon J. Mccauley, Rosalind L. Murray
Summary: This study examines the trade-off between mating effort and thermoregulatory behavior in dragonflies in response to temperature changes, and investigates the effect of wing melanin on these behaviors. The results indicate that as temperature increases, dragonflies reduce their mating effort and increase their thermoregulatory behavior.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Rafael Rios Moura, Paulo Inacio Prado, Joao Vasconcellos-Neto
Summary: This study examined the escape behavior and decision-making of Aglaoctenus castaneus spiders on different substrates. It was found that spiders inhabiting injurious substrates displayed shorter flight initiation distances and lower sensitivity to predators.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Luigi Baciadonna, Cwyn Solvi, Francesca Terranova, Camilla Godi, Cristina Pilenga, Livio Favaro
Summary: In this study, it was found that African penguins could use ventral dot patterns to recognize their lifelong partner and nonpartner colonymates. This challenges the previous assumption of limited visual involvement in penguin communication, highlighting the complex and flexible recognition process in birds.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Nick A. R. Jones, Jade Newton-Youens, Joachim G. Frommen
Summary: Environmental conditions, particularly temperature, have a significant impact on animal behavior. This study focused on aggression in Neolamprologus pulcher fish and found that aggression rates increased with temperature at lower levels, but decreased after reaching a peak. Additionally, the influence of high temperatures on aggression changed over time during the trials. These findings provide a more comprehensive understanding of the short-term effects of temperature on aggression and highlight the importance of considering non-linear changes in thermal performance.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Bruno Herlander Martins, Andrea Soriano-Redondo, Aldina M. A. Franco, Ines Carry
Summary: Human activities have affected the availability of resources for wildlife, particularly through the provision of anthropogenic food subsidies at landfill sites. This study explores the influence of age on landfill attendance and foraging behavior in white storks. Adult storks visit landfills more frequently and show dominance over juveniles in food acquisition. Juveniles have limited access to landfill resources and are forced to use lower quality areas.