Article
Optics
Yuji Ikeda, Joey Kim Soriano, Ikuo Wakaida
Summary: In laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), the challenge is presented when the target material is radioactive due to the total amount of ablated materials. High-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters are used to prevent the release of radioactive material fumes into the atmosphere. Microwave enhances LIBS by potentially reducing the production of fumes without increasing the number of laser shots.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Weina Zhao, Te Ma, Hongwei Song, Wu Yuan, Ruixing Wang, Zhe Wang, Lingling Lu, Chenguang Huang
Summary: The ablation behaviors of laminated carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) under intense continuous wave laser in a supersonic wind tunnel were experimentally investigated, showing significantly higher ablation rates compared to other environments. The ablation morphology was classified into coupled ablation zone (CAZ) and downstream affected zone (DAZ), with thermal-fluid-solid analysis revealing distinctive contributions of different laser mechanisms at different positions of the ablation pit.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Iker Leon, Nicola Tasinato, Lorenzo Spada, Elena R. Alonso, Santiago Mata, Alice Balbi, Cristina Puzzarini, Jose L. Alonso, Vincenzo Barone
Summary: New spectroscopic experiments and quantum-chemical computations revealed a significant tuning of creatinine's tautomeric equilibrium by the environment, leading to different stable tautomers in various aggregation states. High-resolution rotational spectroscopy confirmed the presence of elusive imine tautomer and provided spectral signatures for individual tautomers in complex samples.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Klementina Vidjak, Carolin Hessinger, Marta Cavagnaro
Summary: Microwave ablation is an important technique for treating tumorous tissue, and its clinical use has been expanding in recent years. This study explores the design and sensing capabilities of a microwave ablation antenna, which is crucial for accurate treatment. Numerical simulations are conducted to investigate the functionality of the antenna and find optimal calibration options for accurate measurement of dielectric properties. The results clarify the extent to which the antenna can be used for measuring dielectric properties and provide insights for future improvements.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Michael D. Smith, Carl Richards
Summary: The Mach number is a crucial parameter in determining the driving properties and impact on the environment of a supersonic jet. Through numerical simulations, we investigate the effects of different Mach numbers and jet overpressures on the flow pattern and shock locations. We also analyze potential observational diagnostics and the energy transferred into the environment.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
Yue-Zhen Huang, Shih-Chun Tseng, Yi-Hung Chen, Hung-Yin Tsai
Summary: This study investigates the role of laser ablation in the synthesis of carbon nano-flake balls in microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition. Through systematic studies, it is found that defects on the silicon substrate and the silicon carbide layer after laser ablation are key factors for the growth of CNFBs.
SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Bakhtiar Ali, Han Xu, Dashavir Chetty, Robert T. Sang, Igor Litvinyuk, Maksym Rybachuk
Summary: The degree of laser-induced graphitization in single crystal chemical vapor deposited diamond was studied. The sp(3) phase transitions to sp(2) aromatic crystalline graphitic fraction below a critical fluence, above which amorphous carbon is formed. The increase in fluence leads to a significant increase in the depth of graphitized areas and cleavage of C=O bonds.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
P. Aggarwal, H. L. Bethlem, A. Boeschoten, A. Borschevsky, K. Esajas, Y. Hao, S. Hoekstra, K. Jungmann, V. R. Marshall, T. B. Meijknecht, M. C. Mooij, R. G. E. Timmermans, A. Touwen, W. Ubachs, L. Willmann, Y. Yin, A. Zapara
Summary: A supersonic beam source for SrF and BaF molecules was constructed by combining gas expansion and laser ablation, producing molecular beams with narrow velocity spreads suitable for Stark deceleration and laser cooling.
REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Raziyeh Sharafdini, Shapour Ramazani
Summary: In this study, the stability and interactions of cytosine tautomers in different environments were investigated. The results showed that the stability of rare tautomeric forms had a significant effect on the stabilization of anomalous DNA double helix and spontaneous mutations. The study also found that interactions between metal ions and tautomers differed in strength, with Mg2+ and Zn2+ showing stronger interactions than Ca2+, Na+, and K+. The reactivity of cytosine tautomers with OH radical, a major cause of DNA mutations, was also analyzed.
JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE & DYNAMICS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Richard E. Russo
Summary: It has been over 60 years since the introduction of lasers, and their high peak power in short pulses has led to a wide range of applications including laser ablation, chemical analysis, and atmospheric pressure laser induced plasma measurements.
APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jens von der Linden, Clare Kimblin, Ian McKenna, Skyler Bagley, Hsiao-Chi Li, Ryan Houim, Christopher S. Kueny, Allen Kuhl, Dave Grote, Mark Converse, Caron E. J. Vossen, Soenke Stern, Corrado Cimarelli, Jason Sears
Summary: The text discusses how sparks and standing shocks observed in shock tube experiments regulate electrical breakdown, and how radio frequency signatures emitted by volcanic eruptions can diagnose fluid dynamic and electrostatic conditions. Research shows that sparks are initiated in a rarefaction region and cut off at the shock, limiting their radio frequency emissions to a characteristic frequency range.
COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Review
Instruments & Instrumentation
Philip Lubin, Maria G. Pelizzo, Jacob Erlikhman, Alexander N. Cohen, Jonathan Madajian, Peter Meinhold, Gary B. Hughes, Nicholas Rupert, Prashant Srinivasan
Summary: A novel method for remotely interrogating the bulk molecular composition of rocky materials is described. The method involves using laser energy to heat a local area on the substrate and analyzing the absorption spectra to determine the molecular composition.
APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Te Ma, Jiangtao Wang, Hongwei Song, Ruixing Wang, Wu Yuan
Summary: This study presents experimental and numerical investigations on the instant ablation behavior of laminated CFRP exposed to a CW laser in a supersonic wind tunnel. In situ observation measurement is conducted to examine the instant ablation behavior. The surface recession depth is calculated using PIV method, with the ply angle of laminated CFRP as reference. A coupled thermal-fluid-ablation numerical model considering mechanisms of oxidation, sublimation, and thermomechanical erosion is developed to solve the ablation-through problem of multilayer materials. The results show that the laser ablation depth is influenced by laser power density, airflow velocity, and airflow mode.
Article
Spectroscopy
Yuji Ikeda, Joey Kim Soriano, Nobuyuki Kawahara, Ikuo Wakaida
Summary: Microwave energy was used to assist laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy of laser-ablated Al plasma. The evolution of the plasma was studied in three major periods, with the effects of laser and microwave parameters discussed.
SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART B-ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY
(2022)
Article
Optics
Junqiang Guo, Mengmeng Wang, Qitong Guo, Tong Zhu, Mingchen DU, Pu Zhao, Lihui Feng
Summary: In this study, the researchers found that the plasma ejected during GaP crystal ablation changed from cylindrical to planar propagation with increasing laser fluence. The energy of propelling shockwaves accounted for 12% to 18% of the laser pulse energy at all fluences above the ablation threshold. A prominent plasma splitting was observed at a slightly higher fluence than the threshold, and the plasma protruded out of the shockwaves. The temperature difference between the plasma and the shockwave confirmed the heating effect of the plasma during ablation.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Hao Wang, Junhua Chen, Yang Zheng, Daniel A. Obenchain, Xuefang Xu, Qian Gou, Jens-Uwe Grabow, Walther Caminati
Summary: The study demonstrates that the length of the side alkyl chain in C6H5(CH2)(n)OH-CO2 complexes can determine the types of intermolecular interactions, with CO2 forming non-planar interactions with aromatic hydrocarbons in some molecules. Additionally, as the side alkyl chain is elongated, the energy of intramolecular hydrogen bonds gradually increases.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alberto Macario, Susana Blanco, Ibon Alkorta, Juan Carlos Lopez
Summary: This study utilized chirped-pulse microwave Fourier transform spectroscopy to investigate the rotational spectrum of the pentafluoropyridine-Ne complex in a supersonic jet. The observed spectra of Ne-20 and Ne-22 species were used to determine the structure of the complex, serving as an excellent benchmark for theoretical calculations. Additionally, theoretical calculations at the CCSD/6-311++G(2d,p) level showed stronger van der Waals complexes for perfluorinated compounds compared to other complexes.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Miguel Sanz-Novo, Iker Leon, Elena R. Alonso, Jose L. Alonso
Summary: This study reports the first rotational investigation of neutral l-DOPA, identifying four distinct conformers and confirming the presence of stabilizing N-H⋯π interactions. The findings challenge the previous notion of catechol ring-induced conformational restriction.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Miguel Sanz-Novo, Mauro Mato, Iker Leon, Antonio M. Echavarren, Jose L. Alonso
Summary: This study reports the valence tautomerism phenomena in the barbaralone molecular system, with two distinct tautomers successfully isolated and characterized using high-resolution rotational spectroscopy. The experimental evidence of the rearrangement in barbaralones is provided, highlighting the application of rotational spectroscopy in analyzing shape-shifting mixtures. Furthermore, this observation opens up new possibilities for characterizing new fluxional systems in the gas phase and contributes to the general understanding of valence tautomerism.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Iker Leon, Marco Fuse, Elena R. Alonso, Santiago Mata, Giordano Mancini, Cristina Puzzarini, Jose L. Alonso, Vincenzo Barone
Summary: This paper proposes an integrated experimental-computational strategy for accurately characterizing the conformational landscape of flexible biomolecule building blocks. The strategy combines rotational spectroscopy with quantum-chemical computations guided by artificial intelligence tools. It involves a conformer search, evaluation of relative stability, assessment of interconversion barriers, and refinement of spectroscopic parameters. The proposed approach has been successfully tested and validated for a highly flexible non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
R. Aguado, M. Sanz-Novo, S. Mata, I Leon, J. L. Alonso
Summary: In this study, we have reported the first rotational study of N-acetylgalactosamine, a sugar derivative associated with cancer, using high-resolution rotational spectroscopy. We have characterized two different conformers and analyzed the intramolecular interactions that control these structures, providing insights into the biological role of N-acetylgalactosamine as part of the Tn antigen.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Miguel Sanz-Novo, Pablo Ortega, Pilar Redondo, Antonio Largo, Jose Luis Alonso, Carmen Barrientos
Summary: The investigation of metal-containing interstellar molecules is an important and fruitful field in current astrochemical research. However, the lack of preliminary spectroscopic data has hindered the search for these systems in the interstellar medium. Therefore, conducting theoretical studies and providing high-level theoretical spectroscopic signatures is crucial for finding the existence of these molecules in space.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
V. Barone, M. Fuse, R. Aguado, S. Potenti, I. Leon, E. R. Alonso, S. Mata, F. Lazzari, G. Mancini, L. Spada, A. Gualandi, P. G. Cozzi, C. Puzzarini, J. L. Alonso
Summary: A study was conducted on 4-fluoro-threonine, the only naturally occurring fluorinated amino acid, combining experimental and theoretical approaches. The conformational landscape of this amino acid was extensively characterized, leading to the identification of 13 stable low-energy minima. Through a combination of quantum chemical calculations and machine learning principles, the complex rotational spectrum of this molecule could be assigned, and 12 out of 13 conformers were experimentally confirmed. The results obtained from analyzing intra-molecular interactions can be used to model fluorine-substitution effects in biomolecules accurately.
CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andres Verde, Susana Blanco, Juan Carlos Lopez
Summary: The rotational spectrum of laser-ablated gallic acid has been recorded using CP-FTMW spectroscopy. Two rotamers have been identified and analyzed, and their molecular spectroscopic parameters have been determined. The B3LYP-D3/6-311++G(2d,p) level is the most accurate in predicting the rotational parameters. Weak OH...O interactions are observed, but no critical points corresponding to these interactions are found in the electron density topology analysis.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Wenqin Li, Yugao Xu, Yan Jin, Xiaolong Li, Walther Caminati, Gang Feng
Summary: When an aldehyde molecule interacts with a nitrogen atom inserted in an aromatic ring, various non-bonding topologies are formed. The rotational spectra of three different isomers of the thiazole-formaldehyde adduct were measured, revealing specific interactions between formaldehyde and thiazole through n->pi* interaction and weak hydrogen bonds. The competition between these non-bonding interactions was explored through experiments and theoretical calculations.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
G. Juarez, M. Sanz-Novo, R. Aguado, J. L. Alonso, I Leon, E. R. Alonso
Summary: This study presents a comprehensive conformational analysis of caffeic acid using laser ablation chirped-pulse Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy. The entire conformational space of caffeic acid is deciphered based on rotational constants and theoretical computations. The research demonstrates the importance of rotational spectroscopy in distinguishing between conformers with minimal structural differences and provides structural information that can contribute to understanding the mechanisms underlying the biological and pharmacological activity of hydroxycinnamic acids.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
J. L. Alonso, R. Aguado, M. Sanz-Novo, S. Mata, I. Leon
Summary: In this study, we conducted the first rotational study of N-acetylgalactosamine, a sugar derivative associated with cancer, using high-resolution rotational spectroscopy. Two distinct conformers were characterized, and a comprehensive analysis of intramolecular interactions was performed to understand the underlying mechanisms. These findings provide valuable insights into the biological role of N-acetylgalactosamine.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Sergio Mato, Raul Aguado, Santiago Mata, Jose Luis Alonso, Iker Leon
Summary: Sulfanilamide was brought into the gas phase and its structure was characterized using microwave techniques. The addition of a water molecule changed the conformation of sulfanilamide and stabilized the molecule through hydrogen bonding.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2022)
