Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Chunlan Zhang, Jingjing Zhang, Zhiguang Zhou
Summary: The fasting bile acid levels, especially 12a-hydroxylated bile acid levels, were found to increase significantly after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). However, no significant changes in fasting bile acid levels were observed following sleeve gastrectomy (SG).
Article
Surgery
Ignacio Fuente, Axel Beskow, Fernando Wright, Pedro Uad, Martin de Santibanes, Martin Palavecino, Rodrigo Sanchez-Claria, Juan Pekolj, Oscar Mazza
Summary: LTCBDE is an effective approach for common bile duct stones in patients who underwent RYGB, with a high success rate and no significant increase in length of hospital stay or morbidity.
SURGICAL ENDOSCOPY AND OTHER INTERVENTIONAL TECHNIQUES
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Michael O'Laughlin, Jorge Cornejo, Alba Zevallos, Alisa Coker, Michael Schweitzer, Gina Adrales, Christina Li, Raul Sebastian
Summary: Background: The rates of secondary bariatric surgery have increased, with sleeve gastrectomy to gastric bypass conversion being the most common. This study evaluates the outcomes of this conversion compared to primary Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery using MBSAQIP data. Methods: The study analyzed the data of patients who underwent sleeve gastrectomy to RYGB conversion and primary laparoscopic RYGB, matching them based on preoperative characteristics. Results: The analysis showed that the conversion from sleeve gastrectomy to RYGB was associated with higher readmissions, interventions, conversion to open surgery, longer hospital stay, and longer operative time compared to primary RYGB. However, there were no significant differences in mortality or rates of bariatric complications. Conclusion: The study concludes that conversion from sleeve gastrectomy to RYGB is a safe and feasible procedure with reasonable outcomes compared to primary RYGB.
SURGICAL ENDOSCOPY AND OTHER INTERVENTIONAL TECHNIQUES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yuan Liang, Ruili Yu, Rui He, Lijun Sun, Chao Luo, Lu Feng, Hong Chen, Yue Yin, Weizhen Zhang
Summary: This study investigated the role of ghrelin in weight reduction and glycemic and lipid control after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery. The results showed that gastric and circulating ghrelin levels significantly increased after the surgery. However, lowering ghrelin levels did not affect the metabolic benefits induced by the surgery.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Surgery
Marta Guimaraes, Catarina Osorio, Diogo Silva, Rui F. Almeida, Antonio Reis, Samuel Cardoso, Sofia S. Pereira, Mariana P. Monteiro, Mario Nora
Summary: The study evaluated the long-term efficacy of Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB) surgery by assessing weight loss and comorbidity improvement in patients 10 years or more after the surgery. Results showed a significant decrease in body mass index (BMI) and successful comorbidity remission. Although a small proportion of patients required revision surgery for weight loss failure, RYGB was confirmed as an effective primary bariatric intervention.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Nele Steenackers, Tim Vanuytsel, Patrick Augustijns, Ellen Deleus, Wies Deckers, Christophe M. Deroose, Gwen Falony, Matthias Lannoo, Ann Mertens, Raf Mols, Roman Vangoitsenhoven, Lucas Wauters, Bart Van der Schueren, Christophe Matthys
Summary: This study investigated the effects of sleeve gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass on gastrointestinal motility, pH, and bile acid concentration. The findings showed that both surgeries increased pouch emptying and gastric emptying, and also led to higher pH levels and bile acid concentrations in the intestines. These results highlight the significant impact of these surgeries on gastrointestinal physiology.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS AND BIOPHARMACEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Mauricio Gonzalez-Urquijo, David E. Hinojosa-Gonzalez, Ale Gibran Alam Gidi, Sofia Hurtado Arellano, Eduardo Flores-Villalba, Javier Rojas-Mendez
Summary: Revisional gastric bypass surgery for failed gastric banding patients showed higher complication rates compared to primary RYGB. Despite a greater postoperative weight increase in the revisional group at 12-month follow-up, the difference was not statistically significant. Changes in weight and BMI did not differ significantly between the two groups.
SURGICAL ENDOSCOPY AND OTHER INTERVENTIONAL TECHNIQUES
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Isabella Jonsson, Kirstine N. Bojsen-Moller, Viggo B. Kristiansen, Simon Veedfald, Nicolai J. Wewer Albrechtsen, Trine R. Clausen, Rune E. Kuhre, Jens F. Rehfeld, Jens J. Holst, Sten Madsbad, Maria S. Svane
Summary: The study suggests that exogenous CDCA may enhance postprandial GLP-1 and glucagon secretion in individuals who have undergone RYGB, while the BA sequestrant colesevelam may decrease these hormone levels.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Marita Salame, Noura Jawhar, Amanda Belluzzi, Mohammad Al-Kordi, Andrew C. Storm, Barham K. Abu Dayyeh, Omar M. Ghanem
Summary: Marginal ulcers (MU) are a potential complication following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery, with an average prevalence of 4.6%. Early identification and prompt intervention are crucial to prevent further complications. MU is a complex condition influenced by factors such as smoking, Helicobacter pylori infection, NSAID use, and pouch size. Diagnosis is typically made through endoscopy, and treatment involves modifying risk factors and medical therapy with proton pump inhibitors. Surgical intervention may be necessary for complicated ulcers, while endoscopic procedures and vagotomy may be considered for recurrent or challenging cases.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Samuel Hunter Dunn, Sanaa Tejani, Jaime P. Almandoz, Sarah E. Messiah, Jeffrey Schellinger, Elisa Morales Marroquin, Matthew Mathew, Jay Horton, Anna Tavakkoli
Summary: Transoral gastric outlet reduction (TORe) is a safe and effective treatment for post-prandial hypoglycemia and weight regain after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) in patients with symptoms refractory to medications and dietary changes.
SURGICAL ENDOSCOPY AND OTHER INTERVENTIONAL TECHNIQUES
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Samuel Hunter Dunn, Sanaa Tejani, Jaime P. Almandoz, Sarah E. Messiah, Jeffrey Schellinger, Elisa Morales Marroquin, Matthew Mathew, Jay Horton, Anna Tavakkoli
Summary: TORe is a safe and effective treatment for patients with refractory symptoms of post-prandial hypoglycemia and weight regain after RYGB.
SURGICAL ENDOSCOPY AND OTHER INTERVENTIONAL TECHNIQUES
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Jia V. Li, Hutan Ashrafian, Magali Sarafian, Daniel Homola, Laura Rushton, Grace Barker, Paula Momo Cabrera, Matthew R. Lewis, Ara Darzi, Edward Lin, Nana Adwoa Gletsu-Miller, Stephen L. Atkin, Thozhukat Sathyapalan, Nigel J. Gooderham, Jeremy K. Nicholson, Julian R. Marchesi, Thanos Athanasiou, Elaine Holmes
Summary: Bariatric surgery, especially Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), has a significant impact on the metabolism and gut microbiota of patients, leading to changes in metabolites and bacterial composition that are associated with successful weight loss and metabolic improvements. Further research is needed to understand the functional clinical outcomes of these metabolic changes.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Maria Jose Luesma, Jose Fernando, Irene Cantarero, Pilar Lucea, Sonia Santander
Summary: The prevalence of obesity has been increasing rapidly in recent decades, making it one of the most impacting diseases on global health. It is a chronic disease associated with various comorbidities that result in a reduced life expectancy and quality of life. The treatment of obesity requires a multidisciplinary approach by a specialized medical team and can be done through conservative or surgical treatments. Vertical gastrectomy, mixed techniques, and gastric bypass are the most commonly used surgical techniques. The choice of technique should consider the characteristics of each patient and the surgical team's experience.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Surgery
Salvatore Docimo, Jie Yang, Xiaoyue Zhang, Aurora Pryor, Konstantinos Spaniolas
Summary: The study findings suggest that One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass (OAGB) has a similar early safety profile compared to Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB) and that concerns about perioperative risks should not deter its adoption. However, OAGB does not appear to have a significantly improved safety profile over RYGB.
SURGICAL ENDOSCOPY AND OTHER INTERVENTIONAL TECHNIQUES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Gisele Florencio, Aglecio Souza, Elinton Chaim, Allan Santos, Louise Duran, Camila Carvalho, Sarah Monte Alegre
Summary: This study evaluated the phase angle (PhA) and sarcopenia in young individuals pre- and post-Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery. The results showed that the postoperative group had significantly lower PhA and higher resistance (R). Handgrip strength and gait speed were negatively correlated with R, hs-CRP, and leptin. Appendicular lean mass was negatively correlated with reactance and R. Overall, PhA and other components of bioelectrical impedance analysis were found to be correlated with sarcopenia.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Tina Mazaheri, Devon Buchanan, Rachel Hung, Lucy Campbell, Lisa Hamzah, Kate Bramham, Royce P. Vincent, Frank A. Post
Summary: The 2021 creatinine-based formula was found to be more accurate and precise compared to the 2009 formula in estimating glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in Black individuals on antiretroviral therapy. However, it still had limitations in accurately estimating eGFR in certain ranges. Cystatin C-based eGFR may provide useful information in Black individuals with eGFR <60, regardless of the antiretroviral therapy regimen.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
David C. C. Llewellyn, Hugh Logan Ellis, Simon J. B. Aylwin, Eduard Ostarijas, Shauna Green, William Sheridan, Nicholas W. S. Chew, Carel W. W. le Roux, Alexander D. D. Miras, Ameet G. G. Patel, Royce P. P. Vincent, Georgios K. K. Dimitriadis
Summary: Postprandial hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia with neuroglycopenia is a recognized complication of bariatric surgery. This systematic review suggests that GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) may reduce the number of postprandial hypoglycemic episodes and improve glycemic variability.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Carel W. le Roux, Shuyu Zhang, Louis J. Aronne, Robert F. Kushner, Ariana M. Chao, Sriram Machineni, Julia Dunn, Farai B. Chigutsa, Nadia N. Ahmad, Mathijs C. Bunck
Summary: The SURMOUNT development program aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of tirzepatide as a treatment for obesity. The program includes four global phase 3 trials, which have shown that once-weekly administration of tirzepatide can significantly reduce body weight.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hilary C. Craig, Zoe M. Doran, Carel W. le Roux
Summary: Obesity, a global epidemic, is a major health crisis with significant impacts. Over the years, perception of obesity has evolved from a self-inflicted condition to a recognized disease. An understanding of the underlying issues is crucial for developing comprehensive obesity management strategies, and the promotion of healthy behaviors is important, though not a standalone treatment for obesity.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Roshaida Abdul Wahab, Ricardo V. Cohen, Carel W. le Roux
Summary: Obesity is a chronic disease characterized by excess adiposity that negatively impacts health. The high prevalence of obesity increases the risk of long-term medical complications, including type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease. Studies have shown that certain medications and surgical procedures, such as sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and bariatric surgery, can have positive effects on diabetic kidney disease. However, more research is needed to effectively treat patients with obesity and chronic kidney disease and reduce morbidity.
ANNALS OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Carel W. le Roux, Emily R. Hankosky, Duzhe Wang, Raleigh Malik, Maria Yu, Ana Hickey, Hong Kan, Mathijs C. Bunck, Adam Stefanski, Luis-Emilio Garcia-Perez, Sean Wharton
Summary: By using an indirect treatment comparison, this study found that tirzepatide 10 and 15 mg are more effective for weight loss compared to semaglutide 2.4 mg.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Pathology
Rouvick M. Gama, Kathryn Griffiths, Royce P. Vincent, Adrien Michael Peters, Kate Bramham
Summary: Accurate diagnosis, classification, and risk stratification for chronic kidney disease (CKD) are important for early recognition and optimal care. Creatinine-based glomerular filtration rate (GFR), urinary albumin: creatinine ratio (UACR), and the kidney failure risk equation (KFRE) are important tools for achieving this, but understanding their limitations is crucial for optimal implementation.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Antonio E. Pontiroli, Lucia Centofanti, Carel W. Le Roux, Silvia Magnani, Elena Tagliabue, Franco Folli
Summary: Overweight and obesity are associated with atrial fibrillation (AF). Bariatric surgery (BS) can induce sustained weight loss and may be an ideal treatment for preventing AF. Previous studies have not definitively established the role of weight loss and BS in preventing AF. This meta-analysis evaluates the role of weight loss through BS in preventing incident AF in obesity.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Moath S. Alsaqaaby, Carel W. le Roux
Summary: Obesity is now recognized as a disease associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Weight loss has been found to ameliorate the metabolic abnormalities underlying type 2 diabetes and improve glycemic control. Intentional weight loss can benefit patients with type 2 diabetes and obesity by not only improving glycemic control but also reducing cardiometabolic disease risk factors and enhancing well-being.
DIABETOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ahmed W. Al-Humadi, Khaled Alabduljabbar, Moath S. Alsaqaaby, Hani Talaee, Carel W. le Roux
Summary: The study aimed to identify associations between clinico-demographical characteristics and genetic mutations associated with obesity. The results revealed that gene mutations associated with obesity are common among patients with a BMI > 40 kg/m(2). However, a patient's BMI, age of onset of obesity, or age of onset of hyperphagia did not provide valuable information in predicting the presence of genetic mutations associated with obesity.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hilary C. Craig, Dalal Alsaeed, Suzanne Norris, John Holian, Cormac Kennedy, Alix Feldman, Carel Le Roux
Summary: By studying patients' preferences for obesity treatment and the factors influencing them, the adherence and efficacy of treatment can be improved.
OBESITY SCIENCE & PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Rouvick M. M. Gama, Mahua Bhaduri, William Atkins, Miss Kelly Nwankiti, Gemma Hutchison, Mica Thomas, Katherine Clark, Clare B. B. Kelly, Kathryn V. V. Dalrymple, Royce P. P. Vincent, Nick Kametas, Kate Bramham
Summary: This study reports the rates of P-AKI and associated risk factors in pregnant females of different ethnicities. The results showed that black females were at greater risk of developing P-AKI compared to white females, and this risk increased even after accounting for variables such as mode of delivery, pregnancy-induced hypertension, and hemorrhage. This suggests that other factors, such as socioeconomic disparities, need to be considered.
JOURNAL OF NEPHROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Martin T. W. Kueh, Nicholas W. S. Chew, Ebaa Al-Ozairi, Carel W. le Roux
Summary: Obesity, a chronic low-grade inflammatory disease caused by various factors, is a significant global health threat for adults and children. There is a connection between type 1 diabetes and obesity, and managing obesity in this population poses challenges. Healthcare professionals need to balance benefits and risks without specific guidelines and regulatory approval.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Adrian H. Heald, Helene A. Fachim, Bilal Bashir, Bethanie Garside, Safwaan Adam, Zohaib Iqbal, Akheel A. Syed, Rachelle Donn, Carel W. Le Roux, Mahmoud Abdelaal, James White, Handrean Soran
Summary: Bariatric surgery, specifically Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), improves dyslipidaemia and reduces body weight. This study found that RYGB may modulate gene expression in fat cells to influence the expression of the PCSK9 and LDLR genes. Lower PCSK9 gene expression and higher LDLR gene expression were observed in adipose tissue after RYGB in rats. Additionally, TNF alpha gene expression was positively correlated with PCSK9 gene expression after RYGB.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
