Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Leonardo Zumerkorn Pipek, Rafaela Farias Vidigal Nascimento, Milena Marques Pagliarelli Acencio, Lisete Ribeiro Teixeira
Summary: The study demonstrated that the Apple Watch Series 6 can provide reliable heart rate and SpO2 measurements in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and interstitial lung disease, with high correlation with commercial pulse oximeters.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Andreea Igna, Cornel Igna, Mariana Ioana Miron, Larisa Schuszler, Roxana Dascalu, Mihaela Moldovan, Adrian Aristide Voicu, Carmen Darinca Todea, Marius Boariu, Maria-Alexandra Martu, Stefan-Ioan Stratul
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the pulpal response of primary teeth using pulse-oximetry in a canine model after direct pulp capping. The results showed correlations between pulse-oximetry, laser Doppler flowmetry, computer tomographic densitometry, and histological analysis. Different pulp capping materials resulted in varying degrees of pulpal inflammation, which were not correlated with the obtained pulse-oximetry values.
Article
Pediatrics
Qu-Ming Zhao, Hong-Yan Chen, Shi-Xiu Li, Wei-Li Yan, Xiao-Jing Hu, Guo-Ying Huang
Summary: A longitudinal cohort study conducted in Luchun County, China revealed that pulse oxygen saturation (SpO(2)) levels in neonates decline within the first 72 hours after birth, with a nadir reached at 48 hours, after which they tend to level off. These findings suggest that early screening for asymptomatic hypoxemic diseases in this population may have a favorable benefit-risk balance.
WORLD JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ahmed N. Balshi, Mohammed A. Al-Odat, Abdulrahman M. Alharthy, Rayan A. Alshaya, Hanan M. Alenzi, Alhadzia S. Dambung, Huda Mhawish, Saad M. Altamimi, Waleed Th. Aletreby
Summary: Automated activation of the RRT significantly reduced CPR events and rates, improved CPR success rate, reduced hospital length of stay and mortality, but increased the number of RRT activations. There were no differences in unplanned ICU admission or readmission.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Milos Duknic, Mona Lichtblau, Stephanie Saxer, Charlotte Berlier, Simon R. Schneider, Esther I. Schwarz, Arcangelo F. Carta, Michael Furian, Konrad E. Bloch, Silvia Ulrich
Summary: The modified DFp method is a reliable and feasible approach for simultaneous measurement of mPAP and CO without the need for repetitive blood sampling, suitable for assessing cardiac output in patients with pulmonary hypertension.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Michael Furian, Markus Tannheimer, Martin Burtscher
Summary: Maximal values of aerobic power and peripheral oxygen saturation decline with increasing altitude. Previous studies have mainly focused on the acute effects at high altitude and have paid less attention to the effects of acclimatization on healthy and diseased individuals. This review found a close association between individual peripheral oxygen saturation and aerobic power, and similar altitude effects in healthy people and those with cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. However, patients with ventilatory constrains, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, show a sharp decline in peripheral oxygen saturation and aerobic power, which reduces their ability to acclimatize and perform exercise.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Shawna L. Weimer, Robert F. Wideman, Colin G. Scanes, Andy Mauromoustakos, Karen D. Christensen, Yvonne Vizzier-Thaxton
Summary: This study examined the physiological and noninvasive measures of stress and lameness in broilers. Lame birds showed more severe lesions and physiological indicators, but lower blood oxygen saturation, indicating they are under stress.
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Ana M. Cabanas, Macarena Fuentes-Guajardo, Katina Latorre, Dayneri Leon, Pilar Martin-Escudero
Summary: Pulse oximetry is widely used in primary and intensive care units, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, factors such as skin color can affect its accuracy. Recent studies have found a positive bias in oxygen saturation measurements in patients with darkly pigmented skin. This review aims to assess the influence of skin pigmentation on the accuracy of pulse oximetry through a systematic review.
Article
Pediatrics
Riccardo Lubrano, Silvia Bloise, Alessia Marcellino, Claudia Proietti Ciolli, Alessia Testa, Enrica De Luca, Anna Dilillo, Saverio Mallardo, Sara Isoldi, Vanessa Martucci, Maria Teresa Sanseviero, Emanuela Del Giudice, Concetta Malvaso, Claudio Iacovelli, Rita Leone, Donatella Iorfida, Flavia Ventriglia
Summary: The study found that children wearing N95 masks did not show significant changes in oxygen saturation or pulse rate, but did show effects on respiratory rate and PETCO2. Children wearing N95 masks without an exhalation valve experienced significant increases in respiratory rate and PETCO2, while those wearing masks with an exhalation valve only showed these increases after physical activity. Therefore, wearing a surgical mask may be more appropriate for children in this case.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Review
Biophysics
Raghda Al-Halawani, Peter H. Charlton, Meha Qassem, Panayiotis A. Kyriacou
Summary: Pulse oximetry is a non-invasive optical technique used to measure arterial oxygen saturation (SpO(2)) in various clinical settings. However, its accuracy may vary in individuals with different skin pigmentations, with decreased accuracy in patients with dark skin. Addressing these inaccuracies can potentially improve clinical outcomes.
PHYSIOLOGICAL MEASUREMENT
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Hao Wu, Zhuo Li, Zhao Xu, Xin Huang, Wei Guo, Jun Zhao, Jinwen Zhang, Shaoyu Liu, Miao Tang, Yuqi Qiu, Ganguang Yang, Juntong Zhu, Lili Liu, Yingjie Wu, Wei Lei, Pan Zhou, Zhouping Yin, Zhenbing Chen, Yutian Liu
Summary: Severe soft tissue defects and amputated digits are common injuries, and current postoperative clinical monitoring methods are labor intensive and dependent on experience. Here, we developed on-skin biosensors for noninvasive and wireless monitoring based on pulse oximetry, which showed accurate and responsive results in clinical and validation studies.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Otorhinolaryngology
Joshua A. Bloom, Christopher Homsy
Summary: Abdominal-based free flaps, though not commonly used in head and neck reconstruction, serve as great alternatives to traditional workhorse flaps. This review article aims to expand the toolbox of head and neck surgeons by introducing major abdominal-based free tissue transfers for reconstruction.
CURRENT OPINION IN OTOLARYNGOLOGY & HEAD AND NECK SURGERY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jantine G. Rottgering, Angelique M. E. de Man, Thomas C. Schuurs, Evert-Jan Wils, Johannes M. Daniels, Joost G. van den Aardweg, Armand R. J. Girbes, Yvo M. Smulders
Summary: This study aimed to determine at which SpO(2) level PaO2 is more or less certain to be in the physiological range in acutely ill and stable patients. Results suggest that in acutely ill patients receiving supplemental oxygen, an SpO(2) target of 95% maximizes the likelihood of maintaining PaO2 in the physiological range.
Article
Nursing
Nicholas Harland, Jane Greaves, Elizabeth Fuller
Summary: The COVID-19 Oximetry@Home services allow higher-risk patients with mild symptoms to monitor their oxygen saturation at home, but factors impacting SpO(2) readings may affect the accuracy of clinical decisions.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Yash Mantri, Jesse Jokerst
Summary: Melanin and oxy/deoxy-hemoglobin are the major optical absorbers in tissue. The impact of skin tone and pigmentation on biomedical optics is not well understood. This study investigated the effects of skin tone on photoacoustic signal generation, depth penetration, and oximetry, and proposed a simple compensation method.
BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
C. El-Hajj, P. A. Kyriacou
Summary: A study proposed recurrent neural network models utilizing Photoplethysmogram signals with bidirectional connections and attention mechanism to accurately estimate systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Experimental results showed that these models could capture the non-linear relationship and outperformed traditional machine learning methods on datasets, meeting global standards.
BIOMEDICAL SIGNAL PROCESSING AND CONTROL
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Mahsa Sheikh, Meha Qassem, Iasonas F. Triantis, Panicos A. Kyriacou
Summary: This paper reviews different techniques for lithium monitoring and their potential for the development of automatic and point-of-care analytical devices for lithium determination.
Editorial Material
Anesthesiology
Panicos A. Kyriacou, Peter H. Charlton, Raghda Al-Halawani, Kirk H. Shelley
Summary: Recent reports discuss the inaccuracies of pulse oximetry in patients with varying degrees of skin pigmentation. We provide a summary of literature, discuss potential clinical implications, and suggest ways to improve pulse oximetry to address these shortcomings.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA
(2023)
Article
Biophysics
Peter H. Charlton, Kristjan Pilt, Panicos A. Kyriacou
Summary: Photoplethysmography is widely used in clinical and wearable devices for health monitoring. Establishing best practices may have benefits, but there are challenges due to diverse device designs and applications.
PHYSIOLOGICAL MEASUREMENT
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Peter H. Charlton, Panicos A. Kyriacou, Jonathan Mant, Vaidotas Marozas, Phil Chowienczyk, Jordi Alastruey
Summary: Smart wearables provide an opportunity to monitor health, especially in the detection of cardiovascular disease. By monitoring the photoplethysmogram signal, wearable devices can effectively monitor the heart and blood vessels. This survey summarizes the fundamentals of wearable photoplethysmography, its analysis, potential clinical applications, and outlines future research directions.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE
(2022)
Article
Biophysics
Peter H. Charlton, Kevin Kotzen, Elisa Mejia-Mejia, Philip J. Aston, Karthik Budidha, Jonathan Mant, Callum Pettit, Joachim A. Behar, Panicos A. Kyriacou
Summary: This study developed a framework to design and test the performance of 15 PPG beat detectors, and evaluated their performance in different use cases. The results showed that eight beat detectors performed well at rest, but had poorer performance during exercise, in neonates, and in atrial fibrillation. The study identified two beat detectors, 'MSPTD' and 'qppg', as the best performers.
PHYSIOLOGICAL MEASUREMENT
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Elisa Mejia-Mejia, Panicos A. Kyriacou
Summary: This study developed an in-vitro model to investigate the effects of haemodynamic changes on pulse rate variability (PRV) indices and found that these changes may explain some of the differences between PRV and heart rate variability (HRV). Future studies should aim to replicate these results in healthy volunteers and patients and further explore these differences.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Szymon Paprocki, Meha Qassem, Panicos A. Kyriacou
Summary: The field of alcohol intoxication sensing has a long history and has developed various devices and techniques for quantifying intoxication levels. The current focus is on noninvasive transdermal/optical methods for personal monitoring.
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Iman M. Gidado, Meha Qassem, Iasonas F. Triantis, Panicos A. Kyriacou
Summary: This paper comprehensively reviews measurement techniques for skin hydration, focusing on recent experimental studies and state-of-the-art devices.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Szymon Paprocki, Meha Qassem, Panicos A. Kyriacou
Summary: Ethanol intoxication leads to various issues such as drunk driving, violence, antisocial behavior, and self-harm, imposing a high cost on society. Monitoring the ethanol levels can help in reducing these problems by restricting activities like driving and personal monitoring. Short-wave infrared spectroscopy showed a clear correlation between ethanol and acetic acid at wavelengths of 2262 and 2302 nm, providing valuable information for measuring ethanol concentration.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Tashfia Ahmed, Meha Qassem, Panicos A. Kyriacou
Summary: Psychological stress and its impact on mental health have become a significant global burden. Traditional diagnostic procedures rely on qualitative measures of stress, leading to misdiagnosis and poor understanding of the severity of mental illnesses. The measurement of cortisol and stress hormones offers a quantifiable approach for stress evaluation. Advancements in this field highlight the importance of measuring stress hormones in understanding stress manifestation and mental health decline. Multimodal approaches for stress monitoring show promising developments, emphasizing the need for further technological advancement to benefit global health.
STRESS-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON THE BIOLOGY OF STRESS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Tomas Y. Y. Abay, Justin P. P. Phillips, Christopher Uff, Maria Roldan, Panicos A. A. Kyriacou
Summary: This paper describes the evaluation of a novel non-invasive intracranial pressure (nICP) monitor which uses the Photoplethysmogram (PPG) to measure the ICP. The monitor was evaluated in an in vitro model and showed highly correlated and consistent results with reference (invasive) ICP measurements. This work contributes significantly to the quest for non-invasive ICP monitoring in Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI).
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Review
Biophysics
Raghda Al-Halawani, Peter H. Charlton, Meha Qassem, Panayiotis A. Kyriacou
Summary: Pulse oximetry is a non-invasive optical technique used to measure arterial oxygen saturation (SpO(2)) in various clinical settings. However, its accuracy may vary in individuals with different skin pigmentations, with decreased accuracy in patients with dark skin. Addressing these inaccuracies can potentially improve clinical outcomes.
PHYSIOLOGICAL MEASUREMENT
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Maria Roldan, Panicos A. Kyriacou
Summary: This research aims to develop a non-invasive optical multimodal monitoring technology for the effective assessment of traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients. A multiwavelength optical sensor was designed to assess intracranial pressure (ICP) and brain oxygenation based on the signals detected from cerebral backscatter light. The results demonstrate the good performance of the system and pave the way for the evaluation of TBI patients using a multimodal non-invasive tool.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Optics
Maria Roldan, Panicos A. A. Kyriacou
Summary: This study describes the development, characterization, and evaluation of a vascular head/brain phantom, which includes the development of anatomical models of the brain and the skull and a custom-made in vitro blood circulation system. The results show that the developed head model successfully mimics the anatomies of the brain and skull and their optical properties, as well as simulates normal arterial blood pressure values and controlled intracranial pressure changes. Multiwavelength pulsatile optical signals from the phantom's cerebral arteries were successfully acquired.