Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Benhui Dai, Ruiyun Zhou, Jianfeng Ping, Yibin Ying, Lijuan Xie
Summary: This article discusses the use of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in biosensors to improve their performance. The unique properties of CNTs, such as larger surface area and faster electron transfer, enhance the sensitivity and efficiency of biosensors. The article provides detailed descriptions of CNT-based sensors for detecting glucose, DNA, proteins, amino acids, and neurotransmitters. Continuous improvement in materials and structures can further enhance the detection performance of these sensors.
TRAC-TRENDS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Harmain Rafi, Alexander G. Zestos
Summary: The article introduces a novel carbon fiber multielectrode array technology that can record redox activity in different areas within the mouse caudate putamen and detect dopamine. This multielectrode array, coupled with multiple waveforms and a four-channel potentiostat, enables multiplexing neurochemical measurements and may help better understand brain complexity and the impact of disease states in future research.
ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Haichao Li, Kechao Zhou, Jun Cao, Qiuping Wei, Cheng-Te Lin, Sharel E. Pei, Li Ma, Naixiu Hu, Yaohua Guo, Zejun Deng, Zhiming Yu, Sichao Zeng, Wanlin Yang, Lingcong Meng
Summary: A novel modification technique was proposed to immobilize nanoparticles on a boron-doped diamond surface via nanopores, preventing aggregation and improving stability. The modified electrode showed good selectivity, increased peak current for dopamine, and enhanced sensitivity for detection, with a wide linear range and low detection limit. Real sample tests validated the promising performance of the modified electrode in detecting dopamine in human serum and injections.
Article
Electrochemistry
Tian Cen, Liang Chen, Xuejun Zhang, Yanhong Tian, Xinxiao Fan
Summary: A novel fiber-shaped asymmetric supercapacitor with high specific capacitance has been successfully constructed, exhibiting a wide potential window, high energy density, great flexibility, and long cycle life. The promising performance of this supercapacitor holds great potential for portable and wearable electronics in the future.
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Guangzhen Li, Hua Yuan, Jinjin Mou, Enhao Dai, Huayu Zhang, Zhende Li, Yankun Zhao, Yifeng Dai, Xiaoyan Zhang
Summary: This study focuses on detecting nitrate ions using carbon fiber microelectrodes. A novel copper/carbon nanofibers/carbon fiber microelectrode (Cu/CNFs/CFE) was designed and used for detecting nitrates in a simple, inexpensive approach. The Cu/CNFs/CFE showed increased sensitivity and lower detection limits compared to bare CFE.
COMPOSITES COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yongsheng Zhou, Tao Wang, Shou Peng, Tingting Yao, Yingchun Zhu, Bingshe Xu
Summary: A new hierarchical three-dimensional carbon nanostructure based on TCNT/BCNT composites has been constructed to enhance the accessibility of ions in electrochemical energy storage devices. The coiled TCNTs increase the surface area for ion storage, while the branches of BCNTs provide efficient ion and electron transport channels. The assembled EDL capacitor using the TCNT/BCNT composite exhibits high energy density and excellent cycling performance, showing potential applications in wearable and portable electronics.
NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Evgeny Senokos, David B. Anthony, Noelia Rubio, Maria Crespo Ribadeneyra, Emile S. Greenhalgh, Milo S. P. Shaffer
Summary: Multifunctional electrodes for structural supercapacitors were prepared by infiltrating single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) into woven carbon fibers (CFs) using a vacuum method. The use of reductive charging chemistry ensured a high degree of individualization. The resulting electrodes showed high conductivity, surface area, and electrochemical performance, and significantly improved the electrical conductivity, surface area, and in-plane shear properties of the CF fabrics. Structural supercapacitors based on these electrodes exhibited high specific energy and power densities in the chosen electrolyte. This approach provides a new route to structural energy storage systems.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yi-Hung Liu, Chi-Han Hung, Cheng-Liang Hsu
Summary: In this study, a Ni(OH)(2)/CNT/CF composite electrode was developed and characterized to investigate its electrode kinetics for enhanced urea oxidation reaction (UOR) performance. The electrode exhibited satisfactory UOR performance with higher oxidation current and lower overpotential, attributed to the active and reversible Ni2+/Ni3+ redox reaction of the composite. The inclusion of CNTs in the electrode structure led to increased reaction surface area and electrical conductivity, resulting in lower charge transfer resistance compared to conventional electrodes.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Junga Moon, Huaide Jiang, Eun-Cheol Lee
Summary: The physical modification of carbon-nanotube/polydimethylsiloxane composite electrodes using functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (F-MWCNTs) allowed for sequence-specific DNA sensing through pi-pi interactions, resulting in a significantly lower detection limit and broad linear range compared to chemical processes.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Lior Snarski, Idan Biran, Tatyana Bendikov, Iddo Pinkas, Mark A. Iron, Ifat Kaplan-Ashiri, Haim Weissman, Boris Rybtchinski
Summary: In this study, single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) were efficiently exfoliated and functionalized using a common dye molecule, resulting in highly mechanical robust and electrically conductive SWCNT materials. Flexible transparent conductive electrodes based on these materials showed excellent optoelectronic performance suitable for touch screens and LEDs.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Wei Ren, Qiming Zhang, Cheng Cheng, Fei Miao, Hui Zhang, Xubiao Luo, Shaobin Wang, Xiaoguang Duan
Summary: In this study, a 3D electrochemical system was established by coupling conventional graphite electrodes with dispersed carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to enhance the electrochemical activation of peroxydisulfate (PDS). This led to efficient oxidation of pollutants and maintenance of electrode cleanliness and activity for long-term operation.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jisu Kim, Jin Gu Kang, Jaewon Choi, Paul V. Braun, Sung-Kon Kim
Summary: This study demonstrates the formation of fiber electrodes on a carbon fiber bundle with a surface mesostructured by single-walled carbon nanotubes via colloidal self-assembly. The three-dimensional structure of the fiber electrodes provides porosity and bicontinuous paths for charge transport, resulting in high energy and considerable rate retention capability. Additionally, the fiber microsupercapacitor composed of a twisted pair of fiber electrodes with a solid polymer electrolyte exhibits significant capacitance, rate retention capability, and cycle stability for at least 7000 charge-discharge cycles.
ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Lauren W. Taylor, Steven M. Williams, J. Stephen Yan, Oliver S. Dewey, Flavia Vitale, Matteo Pasquali
Summary: Research using carbon nanotube threads for electronic accessories shows great potential in the field of wearable electronics, providing soft, comfortable electronic textiles with excellent signal transmission capabilities.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Bingcheng Wang, Xu Feng, Ling Liu
Summary: CNT webs can significantly enhance the electrical conductivity and surface temperature of CFRP, with minimal impact on its mechanical properties. By decorating CFRP with CNT webs, it has the potential to become a new generation of aeronautical deicing structure.
CHINESE JOURNAL OF AERONAUTICS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Marc P. Vocht, Patricija Tomasic, Ronald Beyer, Alexandra Mueller, Ulrich Zuberbuehler, Bernd Stuermer, Frank Hermanutz, Michael R. Buchmeiser
Summary: Poly(ethyleneimine) (PEI) immobilized on support materials is an effective method for carbon dioxide (CO2) capture from the atmosphere, requiring less energy for thermal desorption. This study introduces fibrous PEI-functionalized carrier systems based on cellulose, cellulose tosylate (CT), and cellulose carbamate (CC). Branched PEI has higher CO2 sorption capacities compared to linear PEIs, and under wet conditions, a PEI-functionalized nonwoven material exhibits a sorption capacity of 0.026 mg CO2/mg adsorbent with complete and reversible CO2 desorption achieved at 80 degrees C.
MACROMOLECULAR MATERIALS AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuanyu Chang, B. Jill Venton
Summary: Rapid adenosine signaling in the brain provides local neuromodulation but is limited in spatial resolution and regional coordination. This study used dual-channel fast-scan cyclic voltammetry to measure adenosine release in mouse brain slices, revealing localized spontaneous adenosine events and regionally extended adenosine release after mechanical stimulation.
ACS CHEMICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Qizhang Jia, Cheng Yang, B. Jill Venton, Kateri H. DuBay
Summary: This study utilizes molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the surface diffusion of dopamine on graphene. The findings suggest that dopamine rapidly adsorbs to the surface and diffuses quickly, with its vertical placement influenced by charge.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Qun Cao, Zijun Shao, Dale Hensley, B. Jill Venton
Summary: This study mass fabricates carbon nanoelectrodes by growing carbon nanospikes (CNSs) on metal wires, which have remarkable electrochemical properties and can be mass fabricated on almost any substrate without using catalysts. The CNS nanoelectrodes show excellent sensitivity for the detection of neurotransmitters like dopamine using fast-scan cyclic voltammetry.
FARADAY DISCUSSIONS
(2022)
Article
Electrochemistry
Zijun Shao, B. Jill Venton
Summary: Carbon nanotube yarn microelectrodes (CNTYMEs) exhibit different trapping effects on anions and cations, and secondary peaks can be used for dopamine identification in mixtures.
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Chemistry, Physical
Jordi Cabana, Thomas Alaan, George W. Crabtree, Marta C. Hatzell, Karthish Manthiram, Daniel A. Steingart, Iryna Zenyuk, Feng Jiao, Aleksandra Vojvodic, Jenny Y. Yang, Nitash P. Balsara, Kristin A. Persson, Donald J. Siegel, Christy L. Haynes, Janine Mauzeroll, Mei Shen, B. Jill Venton, Nina Balke, Joaquin Rodriguez-Lopez, Debra R. Rolison, Reza Shahbazian-Yassar, Venkat Srinivasan, Santanu Chaudhuri, Adrien Couet, Jason Hattrick-Simpers
ACS ENERGY LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Blaise Ostertag, Ashley E. Ross
Summary: We developed a novel copolymer-based porous carbon microfiber (PCMF) through wet-spinning, which greatly enhances electrochemical detection. By wet spinning a copolymer solution of PAN and PMMA, we successfully synthesized controllable porous carbon microfibers with increased edge-plane character. The increase in porosity improves the surface disorder, leading to significantly improved electrochemical detection capabilities.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Moriah E. Weese-Myers, Michael T. Cryan, Colby E. Witt, Kaejaren C. N. Caldwell, Bindu Modi, Ashley E. Ross
Summary: In this paper, the authors measure endogenous guanosine release using fast voltammetry during pre- and post-ischemic conditions. Changes in event concentration, duration, and interevent time indicate alterations in guanosine release under ischemic conditions. Pharmacological studies confirm the calcium-dependent nature of guanosine release and its purinergic signaling. The validity of the ischemic model is demonstrated through staining and fluorescent imaging. Overall, this paper paves the way for rapid guanosine monitoring and provides a platform for investigating guanosine accumulation at the site of brain injury, such as ischemia.
ACS CHEMICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Meijun Ye, Alexander G. Zestos, Cristin G. Welle, Guangying K. Wu, Xinyan Tracy Cui
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Yuanyu Chang, Qun Cao, B. Jill Venton
Summary: Traditional carbon electrodes made of glassy carbon or carbon fibers have limited shapes. 3D printing enables complete customization of shape and simultaneous fabrication of devices and electrodes. Additive manufacturing, the most common 3D printing method, involves adding carbon materials to make it conductive and applying treatments to enhance electrochemical activity. Another newer form, 2-photon lithography uses laser lithography to print electrodes in photoresist and then annealed to carbon. Applications of 3D printed carbon electrodes include nanoelectrode measurements, biosensor arrays, and integrated electrodes in microfluidic devices.
CURRENT OPINION IN ELECTROCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Michelle Hadad, Nadine Hadad, Alexander G. Zestos
Summary: In this study, a method for measuring cortisol using carbon fiber microelectrodes and fast-scan cyclic voltammetry was developed. This method showed high sensitivity, high spatiotemporal resolution, and biocompatibility, and it was able to detect cortisol stably. Its application will contribute to a better understanding of the physiological importance of cortisol.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
He Zhao, Kailash Shrestha, Dale K. Hensley, B. Jill Venton
Summary: Carbon nanospikes (CNSs) are a new nanomaterial that enhances the sensitivity for dopamine detection. In this study, CNS-modified electrodes (CNSMEs) were evaluated for the detection of adenosine, hydrogen peroxide ( H2O2), and histamine. The results showed that CNSMEs had higher signals compared to conventional electrodes (CFMEs), with increased sensitivity for adenosine (4.8 times), H2O2 (1.5 times), and histamine (2 times). CNSMEs also promoted the formation of secondary products for adenosine and histamine, allowing differentiation from analytes with similar oxidation potentials. CNSs selectively enhanced the sensitivity for adenosine and histamine compared to H2O2. The use of CNSMEs in brain slices and tissue measurements showed high selectivity and low fouling.
ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Abdulrahman S. Binfaris, Alexander G. Zestos, Jandro L. Abot
Summary: Developing efficient, sustainable, and high-performance energy storage systems, specifically carbon nanotube yarn supercapacitors, is crucial for advancing industries like integrated structural health monitoring. Experimental studies were conducted to determine the capacitive properties, energy, and power densities of supercapacitors fabricated using various materials. The results showed that the CNTY supercapacitors exhibited excellent capacitive behavior and fluctuated between energy densities of 3.89 Wh/kg and 6.46 Wh/kg, and power densities of 8 W/kg and 13.20 W/kg. These supercapacitors are being tailored to power CNTY sensors integrated into structures to monitor damage, strain, temperature, and more.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Lauren M. Delong, Ashley E. Ross
Summary: Here, we developed a multi-organ communication device that enables cellular and molecular communication between ex vivo organ slices. Communication between organs along the gut-brain-immune axis is important for gut homeostasis. Using fluorescence microscopy, we observed the movement of fluorescent proteins and cells from one organ to another and demonstrated real-time sensing during communication using electrochemical techniques.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alexandra K. Brooke, Daniel P. Murrow, Kaejaren C. N. Caldwell, Colby E. Witt, Ashley E. Ross
Summary: The communication between the nervous and immune systems is crucial for regulating immune cell function and inflammatory responses. This study investigates the role of norepinephrine (NE), released by sympathetic neurons, in immune cell physiology and cytokine production. The study demonstrates the importance of using fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) to measure NE release and provides insights into the regulatory mechanisms underlying sympathetic-immune interactions.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Romana Jarosova, Blaise J. Ostertag, Ashley E. Ross
Summary: In this study, graphene oxide (GO) fiber microelectrodes with controllable nanosheet orientation were synthesized and characterized to investigate the impact of sheet alignment and orientation on electrochemical detection of neurochemicals. The results showed that the alignment of GO nanosheets significantly influenced the electron transfer kinetics, frequency independent behavior, and detection suitability for specific neurotransmitters.