Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Alejandro Martin, Elia Santigosa, Maria Ramos-Payan
Summary: Microfluidic devices have made significant advancements in recent years and have become an important tool in pharmaceutical analysis. This study proposes a green microfluidic method for the simultaneous extraction of basic polar and non-polar compounds, offering a more sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative.
MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yiquan Huang, Shuting Fang, Zhangmin Xiang, Shuqin Liu, Gangfeng Ouyang
Summary: In this study, a real-time and in vivo untargeted analytical technique was developed to capture living gut microbial metabolites using a novel composite solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fiber. The exposure risks of a typical antibiotic, norfloxacin (NFX), to gut bacteria were investigated, and it was found that low environmentally relevant concentrations of NFX could affect the normal metabolism of gut bacteria. NFX also exhibited species-specific toxic effects on microbial growth and impacted human intestinal health. This study highlights the suitability of in vivo SPME in metabolite extraction and its potential application in environmental metabolomics.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Jiangyi Wu, Youfang Huang, Xiaojia Huang
Summary: An efficient method using electroenhanced solid phase microextraction (EE-SPME) with porous monolith doped with carboxylic carbon nanotubes (M@CCNs) was developed to trap polar aromatic amines (AAs) in water samples. The introduction of M@CCNs and application of electric field during the extraction process significantly improved the trap performance, with extraction efficiencies increasing by 36-48% compared to traditional methods. The method was demonstrated to be practical and reliable for quantifying AAs in water samples, with recoveries ranging from 83.1% to 118%.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Peng Gao, Xiaotao Shen, Xinyue Zhang, Chao Jiang, Sai Zhang, Xin Zhou, Sophia Miryam Schussler-Fiorenza Rose, Michael Snyder
Summary: This study integrated personal exposome and internal multi-omics data to investigate the impact of exposome on individual's phenome. The results showed significant correlations between personal exposome and internal biomolecules related to immune system, kidney, and liver, highlighting the importance of studying precision health.
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Un-Jung Kim, Rajendiran Karthikraj
Summary: Solid-phase microextraction has emerged as a pioneering technique in sample preparation, offering simplicity, rapidness, wide applicability, and miniaturization of traditional methods. This review article provides an overview of the application of solid-phase microextraction for assessing exposure levels and health outcomes of environmental chemicals in various human populations worldwide, as well as discussing the limitations and future perspectives of this technique in human biomonitoring studies.
JOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Shengrui Xu, Huimin Li, Panlong Dong, Miaomiao Wang, Chang-Po Chen, Suling Feng, Jing Fan
Summary: In this study, a cooling assisted solid-phase microextraction technique (CA-SPME) was proposed and successfully used for identifying volatile and semi-volatile compounds in different types of edible oil. The method showed higher extraction efficiency compared to regular SPME technique due to the synergistic effect of heating and cooling. The optimized conditions allowed for the successful identification of compounds in various edible oils, and the proposed method demonstrated its potential in discriminating adulterated edible oils. The method provided a novel strategy for sensitive detection of edible oil adulteration without any other sample pretreatment.
ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Natalia Treder, Natalia Szuszczewicz, Anna Roszkowska, Ilona Oledzka, Tomasz Baczek, Ewa Bien, Malgorzata Anna Krawczyk, Alina Plenis
Summary: A simple and fast magnetic solid-phase microextraction protocol using Fe3O4-based nanoparticles coated with silica and didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (DDAB) as a magnetic sorbent was developed to determine epirubicin (EPI) in plasma and urine samples. The developed method showed good linearity, with a detection range of 0.001-1 μg/mL for plasma samples and 0.001-10 μg/mL for urine samples. The applicability of the method was confirmed by analyzing real samples from a pediatric cancer patient, enabling the determination of the EPI concentration-time profile. The proposed protocol offers a promising alternative to routine approaches for monitoring EPI levels in clinical laboratories, due to its miniaturization and reduced pre-treatment steps.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Nana Wan, Qingyun Chang, Fangyuan Hou, Jie Li, Xiaohuan Zang, Shuaihua Zhang, Chun Wang, Zhi Wang
Summary: A triazine-based conjugated microporous polymer (TCMP) was synthesized and used as a fiber coating material for solid-phase microextraction (SPME) of halogens-containing environmental hormones. The TCMP showed strong adsorption capability due to various interactions. An analytical method combining TCMP coated fiber-based SPME with gas chromatography-electron capture detection was developed for the determination of twelve halogens-containing environmental hormones in vegetable and fruit samples. The method exhibited a wide linear range, low detection limits, and good recovery rates.
ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Tiantian Chen, Xinhe Yu, Xinmeng Tian, Jiajia Hu, Yanyan Chen, Guangdou Long, Hui Xu, Guang-Fu Yang
Summary: This study provides in vivo insights into the environmental fates of insecticides in complex living systems with minimized organism damage. Results show that the half-life of insecticides in garlic ranged from 0.43 to 0.96 days, and 55.0% to 80.3% of insecticide residues in garlic were eliminated within the first 24 hours with first-order elimination kinetics.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Reda M. Abdelhameed, Sherin F. Hammad, Inas A. Abdallah, Alaa Bedair, Marcello Locatelli, Fotouh R. Mansour
Summary: A comparative study was conducted between Ca-BTC MOF and Ca-BTC-MCC MOF hybrid material as sorbents for extracting drugs with different physicochemical properties. The results showed that Ca-BTC MOF exhibited superior extraction efficiency for all analytes except nirmatrelvir and ritonavir. The study highlighted the importance of factors such as adsorbent morphology and physico-chemical properties of analytes in determining extraction efficiency.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Doyeli Sanyal, Purvi Mathur
Summary: Accurate estimation of antibiotic residues in various matrices is crucial for protecting human health and controlling the spread of antimicrobial resistance. The use of sensitive sample preparation procedures and advanced analytical techniques plays a key role in ensuring the accuracy and interpretability of the data. In recent years, there has been a shift towards sorbent-based techniques for extraction, with a focus on innovative methods such as solid-phase microextraction and magnetic solid-phase extraction using advanced materials.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Tiantian Pang, Xiaohui Chen, Kai Hu, Yongxia Cui, Wenjie Zhao, Huahui Zeng, Zhenqiang Zhang, Shusheng Zhang
Summary: A new Ti3C2Tx-coated fiber was synthesized and utilized for solid-phase microextraction of polychlorinated biphenyls. The method showed good linearity, high enrichment factors, low limits of detection, and excellent recoveries in river water, lake water, and tap water samples, indicating its promising potential as an alternative analysis method for polychlorinated biphenyls.
JOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Muhammad Saqaf Jagirani, Ozgur Ozalp, Mustafa Soylak
Summary: This review focuses on green microextraction methods for pesticide extraction from environmental and food samples. It emphasizes that the success of microextraction lies in its simplicity, environmental friendliness, and applications, with studies showing significant advantages over conventional methods. The future development and application of microextraction techniques are promising with continued attention and resources from the analytical community.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jacek A. Koziel, Alex Guenther, William Vizuete, Donald W. Wright, Anna Iwasinska
Summary: Although the characteristic skunky odor of cannabis has long been discussed, its cause has been mistakenly attributed to unspecified skunky terpenes. Recent research has corrected this misperception and identified 3-methyl-2-butene-1-thiol (321MBT) as the primary compound responsible for the skunky odor in both industrial hemp and cannabis.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Jian Ji, Heyang Huang, Li Li, Jin Ye, Jiadi Sun, Lina Sheng, Yongli Ye, Yi Zheng, Zhijie Zhang, Xiulan Sun
Summary: This study utilized solid-phase microextraction combined with full two-dimensional gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry to detect volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by F. graminearum during wheat infestation. The results showed that VOCs emitted by F. graminearum can differentiate strains at different growth stages and are correlated with the composition of fungal flora and mycotoxin production.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Heather Ikert, Michael D. J. Lynch, Andrew C. Doxey, John P. Giesy, Mark R. Servos, Barbara A. Katzenback, Paul M. Craig
Summary: This study identified altered plasma miRNAs in response to acute stress in rainbow trout, as well as changes in miRNAs in fish epidermal mucus and surrounding water. The expression profiles of miRNAs in mucus and water were different from those in plasma, indicating that the plasma miRNA response was not associated with external samples.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hossein Mehdi, Samantha C. Lau, Caitlyn Synyshyn, Matthew G. Salena, Erin S. McCallum, Melissa N. Muzzatti, Jennifer E. Bowman, Kyle Mataya, Leslie M. Bragg, Mark R. Servos, Karen A. Kidd, Graham R. Scott, Sigal Balshine
Summary: The study revealed significant impacts of municipal wastewater treatment plant effluents on fish communities, especially during the winter season. Sites closer to the WWTP outfalls had higher fish abundance, species richness, and diversity, along with poorer water quality and higher concentrations of contaminants. Additionally, the effluent-receiving environments experienced significant increases in temperature during the winter, affecting fish behavior and exposure to contaminants.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
M. J. Lawrence, D. Mitrovic, D. Foubister, L. M. Bragg, J. Sutherby, M. F. Docker, M. R. Servos, M. P. Wilkie, K. M. Jeffries
Summary: The study examined the physiological responses and impacts of different lampricide exposures on sea lamprey and bluegill. The results showed that sea lamprey exposed to a mixture exhibited depletion of high energy substrates and accumulation of lactate, while bluegill were largely unaffected by toxin exposure, demonstrating high metabolic turnover.
AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Samantha C. Lau, Hossein Mehdi, Leslie M. Bragg, Mark R. Servos, Sigal Balshine, Graham R. Scott
Summary: The study investigated the interactive effects of hypoxia and WWTP effluent on the physiology of mummichog killifish. Results showed that exposure to chronic hypoxia in wastewater environment attenuated the fish's hypoxia tolerance and gill remodeling, disrupting their physiological mechanisms for coping with hypoxia.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Patrick M. D'Aoust, Tyson E. Graber, Elisabeth Mercier, Danika Montpetit, Ilya Alexandrov, Nafisa Neault, Aiman Tariq Baig, Janice Mayne, Xu Zhang, Tommy Alain, Mark R. Servos, Nivetha Srikanthan, Malcolm MacKenzie, Daniel Figeys, Douglas Manuel, Peter Juni, Alex E. MacKenzie, Robert Delatolla
Summary: The study found that wastewater surveillance of COVID-19 can help predict increases in community cases and hospitalizations, providing an important complement to diagnostic testing in public health efforts.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hossein Mehdi, Markelle E. Morphet, Samantha C. Lau, Leslie M. Bragg, Mark R. Servos, Joanne L. Parrott, Graham R. Scott, Sigal Balshine
Summary: Municipal wastewater treatment plant effluent is a significant source of pollution in aquatic habitats and its impacts vary with seasons. This study investigated the effects of wastewater exposure on adult fathead minnow and found that it can cause metabolic and behavioral disruptions, which vary in magnitude and direction depending on temperature. The findings highlight the importance of studying interactions between stressors and the need for research during colder periods to enhance our understanding of wastewater contamination in aquatic ecosystems.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nicole L. Gauvreau, Leslie M. Bragg, Hadi A. Dhiyebi, Mark R. Servos, Paul M. Craig
Summary: This study investigated the effects of WWTP effluent on four Etheostoma species in the Grand River, finding significant differences in antioxidant enzymes and tph between sites and sexes. Yearly, species, and sex differences in antioxidant responses were also observed. Further research on the impacts of CECs in effluent on non-target species is necessary to better understand the effects of WWTP effluent.
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY C-TOXICOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Brian Youden, Runqing Jiang, Andrew J. Carrier, Mark R. Servos, Xu Zhang
Summary: Despite successful clinical applications in drug delivery, the potential of theranostic nanomedicines is limited by mechanistic uncertainty and lack of science-based regulatory guidance. This review provides an overview of cancer nanomedicine field and offers knowledge framework and interaction maps to facilitate future research, assessments, and regulation. The understanding of structure-activity relationships is crucial for computer-assisted evaluation models as nanomedicine moves away from animal testing.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Femi F. Oloye, Yuwei Xie, Mohsen Asadi, Jenna Cantin, Jonathan K. Challis, Markus Brinkmann, Kerry N. McPhedran, Kevin Kristian, Mark Keller, Mike Sadowski, Paul D. Jones, Chrystal Landgraff, Chand Mangat, Meghan Fuzzen, Mark R. Servos, John P. Giesy
Summary: Monitoring the communal incidence of COVID-19 is important for decision-making, but relying on a single method may lead to inaccurate results. Wastewater surveillance provides unbiased data that can predict COVID-19 situations in smaller communities.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Kirsten E. Nikel, Gerald R. Tetreault, Patricija Marjan, Keegan A. Hicks, Meghan L. M. Fuzzen, Nivetha Srikanthan, Emily K. McCann, Hadi Dhiyebi, Leslie M. Bragg, Pam Law, Dominika Celmer-Repin, Sonya Kleywegt, Jessie Cunningham, Thomas Clark, Mark E. McMaster, Mark R. Servos
Summary: Municipal wastewater treatment plant effluent can adversely affect aquatic life, but major upgrades in the Central Grand River have significantly reduced pollution levels. Prior to the upgrades, rainbow darters showed disruptions in various biological aspects, but these were no longer significant after the improvements. Capital investments in wastewater treatment have corresponded with a reduction in adverse responses in fish in the receiving environment.
AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Patrick M. D'Aoust, Xin Tian, Syeda Tasneem Towhid, Amy Xiao, Elisabeth Mercier, Nada Hegazy, Jian-Jun Jia, Shen Wan, Md Pervez Kabir, Wanting Fang, Meghan Fuzzen, Maria Hasing, Minqing Ivy Yang, Jianxian Sun, Julio Plaza-Diaz, Zhihao Zhang, Aaron Cowan, Walaa Eid, Sean Stephenson, Mark R. Servos, Matthew J. Wade, Alex E. MacKenzie, Hui Peng, Elizabeth A. Edwards, Xiao-Li Pang, Eric J. Alm, Tyson E. Graber, Robert Delatolla
Summary: Clinical testing has been crucial in monitoring and controlling the COVID-19 pandemic, but as the disease transitions into an endemic state, wastewater surveillance (WWS) becomes an important diagnostic tool. This study explores the ratio of SARS-CoV-2 wastewater signal to clinical cases (WC) across seven Canadian cities. The findings show that inadequate clinical testing led to an increase in the WC ratio despite an increase in wastewater signal. Additionally, significant decreases in the WC ratio may indicate the emergence of different variants of concern (VOC) and their impact on community immunity.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Monika R. Snowdon, Shasvat Rathod, Azar Fattahi, Abrar Khan, Leslie M. Bragg, Robert Liang, Norman Zhou, Mark R. Servos
Summary: The complex composition of natural organic matter (NOM) can affect drinking water treatment processes and current treatments can generate carcinogenic by-products. Electrochemical methods, such as electrooxidation (EO), have shown safer degradation of humic acid and algae. In this study, a comparison between Boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes and mixed-metal oxide (MMO) electrodes was conducted. The results showed that BDD electrodes performed better than MMO under stronger current density and higher pH, and were more cost-effective.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mohsen Asadi, Femi F. Oloye, Yuwei Xie, Jenna Cantin, Jonathan K. Challis, Kerry N. McPhedran, Warsame Yusuf, David Champredon, Pu Xia, Chantel De Lange, Seba El-Baroudy, Mark R. Servos, Paul D. Jones, John P. Giesy, Markus Brinkmann
Summary: Wastewater surveillance is useful for understanding the spread of COVID-19 in communities. This study developed the Wastewater Viral Load Risk Index (WWVLRI) to interpret wastewater surveillance results. The index considers the reproduction number, clinical data, daily per capita concentrations of virus particles in wastewater, and weekly viral load change rate. It provides a valuable resource for decision-makers and health authorities.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Philip J. Schmidt, Nicole Acosta, Alex H. S. Chik, Patrick M. D'Aoust, Robert Delatolla, Hadi A. Dhiyebi, Melissa B. Glier, Casey R. J. Hubert, Jennifer Kopetzky, Chand S. Mangat, Xiao-Li Pang, Shelley W. Peterson, Natalie Prystajecky, Yuanyuan Qiu, Mark R. Servos, Monica B. Emelko
Summary: Real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) is commonly used in environmental microbiology, including the detection and quantification of SARS-CoV-2 during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the traditional log-linear standard curve model used in qPCR has limitations in explaining data at low concentrations. By integrating probabilistic modeling concepts, a new model has been developed that can better represent standard curve data at low concentrations while maintaining compatibility with the log-linear regression model at high concentrations. This improved modeling approach allows for exploration of random error mechanisms and quantification of uncertainty in qPCR-based concentration estimates.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yuwei Xie, Jonathan K. Challis, Femi F. Oloye, Mohsen Asadi, Jenna Cantin, Markus Brinkmann, Kerry N. McPhedran, Natacha Hogan, Mike Sadowski, Paul D. Jones, Chrystal Landgraff, Chand Mangat, Mark R. Servos, John P. Giesy
Summary: This study developed a pipeline for quantifying SARS-CoV-2 and key variants RNA in wastewater and evaluated different normalization approaches. The viral load was positively correlated with daily new cases and wastewater surveillance had a lead time of 7 days. Adjusting for recovery ratio and extraction efficiency improved the correlation between viral load and new cases. Normalizing viral concentration to the artificial sweetener acesulfame K performed better for population normalization during dynamic and variable population periods.