Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Milton Packer
Summary: Qiliqiangxin (QLQX) is a traditional Chinese medicine consisting of 11 plant ingredients that exert cardiovascular effects by regulating nutrient surplus and nutrient deprivation pathways. Experimental studies and clinical trials have shown its beneficial effects in improving cardiac injuries.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEART FAILURE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Guoyan Wang, Jun Zhang, Shengru Wu, Senlin Qin, Yining Zheng, Chao Xia, Huijun Geng, Junhu Yao, Lu Deng
Summary: Cattle have a unique mechanism for efficient hepatic gluconeogenesis, involving the high expression of specific genes and the activation of the mTORC1 signaling pathway. These findings are important for understanding the mechanism underlying the quantitative differences in hepatic gluconeogenesis efficiency between cattle and non-ruminant animals.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Guoyan Wang, Jun Zhang, Shengru Wu, Senlin Qin, Yining Zheng, Chao Xia, Huijun Geng, Junhu Yao, Lu Deng
Summary: This study uncovered the mechanisms of high-efficiency hepatic gluconeogenesis in cattle, involving gene expression and regulation by mTORC1 activation. This provides important insights into understanding the differences in this process between cattle and non-ruminant animals.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jun Nakamura, Yuusuke Maruyama, Genichi Tajima, Satoshi Hayakawa, Makiko Suwa, Chikara Sato
Summary: The crystallization of Ca2+-ATPase molecules in sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles is dependent on the concentration of Ca2+ ions, with ATP stabilizing the crystals. By using negative stain electron microscopy, it was observed that the length of SR vesicles is dependent on the [Ca2+] in the presence of ATP, with elongation occurring at <= 1.4 μM Ca2+ and contraction at >= 18 μM Ca2+. The crystallization of ATPase at high Ca2+ concentrations suggests a role in modulating the physical properties of SR architecture and muscle contraction.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ya-Na Yang, Mao-Qing Zhang, Feng-Lin Yu, Bing Han, Ming-Yue Bao, Xing Li, Yuan Zhang
Summary: Neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs) are characterized by progressive loss of vulnerable neuronal populations and myelin sheath, leading to behavioral and cognitive dysfunction. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-? coactivator-1a (PGC-1a) has shown a strong connection with NDDs and its understanding is important for the development of therapeutic strategies. This review provides an overview of PGC-1a, its role in various NDDs, and the mechanisms through which it exerts neuroprotective effects.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Lei Wang, Mengmeng Yang, Huihan Jin
Summary: The study demonstrated that PI3K/AKT phosphorylation enhances ERR alpha activity in NOZ cells by upregulating the expression levels of PGC-1 alpha and PGC-1 beta, promoting the invasion and proliferation of gallbladder cancer cells.
MOLECULAR MEDICINE REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alessia Di Fonso, Laura Pietrangelo, Laura D'Onofrio, Antonio Michelucci, Simona Boncompagni, Feliciano Protasi
Summary: The study examined alterations in mitochondria and CRUs in the hearts of adult and aged mice, revealing improper organization and disposition in aged cardiomyocytes. These changes may lead to inefficient supply of Ca2+ ions and ATP, potentially contributing to cardiac dysfunction in aging.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Nicholas M. Maurice, Brahmchetna Bedi, Zhihong Yuan, Kuo-Chuan Lin, Joanna B. Goldberg, C. Michael Hart, Kristina L. Bailey, Ruxana T. Sadikot
Summary: The innate immune response to P. aeruginosa pulmonary infections depends on pattern recognition receptors, including inflammasome complexes, which play a role in promoting inflammatory signaling. However, dysregulated activation of the inflammasome can be harmful in P. aeruginosa lung infection. This study investigates the potential of mitochondrial-targeted therapy in attenuating inflammasome signaling and decreasing the pathogenicity of P. aeruginosa infection. The results suggest that activating the PGC-1 alpha-SIRT3 axis may provide a complementary approach in the treatment of P. aeruginosa infection.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Weilin Xu, Jun Yan, Umut Ocak, Cameron Lenahan, Anwen Shao, Jiping Tang, Jianmin Zhang, John H. Zhang
Summary: Activation of MC1R using BMS-470539 significantly attenuated early brain injury following SAH by suppressing oxidative stress, apoptosis, and mitochondrial fission through the AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1 alpha signaling pathway, improving neurological deficits and memory impairments.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Salma M. Eraky, Nehal M. Ramadan
Summary: The study showed that diabetic rats had decreased expression of autophagic indicators in the heart, while metformin preserved mitochondrial integrity and upregulated gene expression. Addition of omega-3 PUFAs to metformin provided synergistic cardioprotection, improving myocardial ultrastructure, autophagic activity, and gene expression.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jing Lang, Liang Gao, Jie Wu, Jia Meng, Xianhui Gao, Honglin Ma, Dongying Yan
Summary: This study demonstrates that resveratrol has neuroprotective effects against manganese-induced cognitive dysfunction, potentially through promoting microglial M2 polarization and autophagic flux.
NEUROCHEMICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Koki Shimura, Yosuke Tarumi, Maya Fujii, Kanae Ogawa, Eiko Maeda, Yukiko Tanaka, Hiroyuki Okimura, Hisashi Kataoka, Osamu Takaoka, Fumitake Ito, Akemi Koshiba, Khaleque N. Khan, Izumi Kusuki, Jo Kitawaki, Taisuke Mori
Summary: This study investigates the effects of a low-nutrient microenvironment on endometriosis. The results show that under the low-nutrient condition, stromal cells from ovarian endometrioma (OESCs) have higher proliferation and exhibit changes in gene and protein expression related to angiogenesis, inflammation, anti-apoptosis, and local estrogen production.
REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Daiki Watanabe, Masanobu Wada
Summary: The study found that the increased Ca2+ leakage after muscle contractions is mainly caused by the orthograde signal of DHPRs to RyRs. By experimentally measuring SR Ca2+ leakage in the skinned fibers under continuously depolarized conditions, it was shown that the level of Ca2+ leakage reached a similar level to that in stimulated fibers.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Xianxiu Wan, Nisha Jain Garg
Summary: Trypanosoma cruzi, a digenetic parasite, replicates in mammalian hosts, triggering immune responses and cellular damage, leading to the release of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Mitochondrial dysfunction is proposed as a major source of oxidative stress in chronic infection, contributing to Chagas disease pathology. SIRT1, a histone deacetylase, may improve mitochondrial function and control oxidative and inflammatory stress in Chagas disease.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Iason Psilopatis, Kleio Vrettou, Florian Nima Fleckenstein, Stamatios Theocharis
Summary: Preeclampsia is a common hypertensive disorder in pregnancy, and PPARs play a significant role in its pathophysiology. Studies have shown contradictory conclusions regarding PPAR expression in preeclamptic placentae, but PPAR gamma agonists have been identified as a novel and potent anti-preeclamptic treatment option.
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Niklas Joisten, Sebastian Gehlert, Philipp Zimmer
Summary: High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is a common method used to improve athletic performance, aid in rehabilitation, and prevent diseases. However, research suggests that exceeding a certain limit of HIIT might have detrimental effects on metabolic health.
TRENDS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mathias Vanmunster, Ana Victoria Rojo Garcia, Alexander Pacolet, Sebastiaan Dalle, Katrien Koppo, Ilse Jonkers, Rik Lories, Frank Suhr
Summary: This study reveals the mechanisms controlling muscle atrophy and their impact on molecular clocks and metabolism.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniel Jacko, Kirill Schaaf, Lukas Masur, Hannes Windoffer, Thorben Aussieker, Thorsten Schiffer, Jonas Zacher, Wilhelm Bloch, Sebastian Gehlert
Summary: The phosphorylation of mTOR-related signaling proteins in skeletal muscle can be reduced after repeated acute resistance exercise (RE). Progressive loading during RE can prevent this reduction, and a period of 10 days without RE can restore the blunted signaling.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Sport Sciences
Henning Wackerhage, Ivan J. Vechetti, Philipp Baumert, Sebastian Gehlert, Lore Becker, Richard T. Jaspers, Martin Hrabe de Angelis
Summary: There are metabolic differences between growing and non-growing tissues, and hypertrophying muscle reprograms its metabolism similar to cancer cells. Increased glucose uptake in hypertrophying muscle may explain the negative association with type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ingo Thievessen, Frank Suhr, Silvia Vergarajauregui, Ralph T. Bottcher, Klara Brixius, Georg Rosenberger, Oliver Dewald, Bernd K. Fleischmann, Alexander Ghanem, Marcus Kruger, Felix B. Engel, Ben Fabry, Wilhelm Bloch, Reinhard Fassler
Summary: This study identifies beta-parvin as a novel mechano-responsive signaling hub in hypertrophic cardiomyocytes that drives cell elongation in response to physiological mechanical loads.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bernhard Andresen, Markus de Marees, Thorsten Schiffer, Wilhelm Bloch, Frank Suhr
Summary: Mechanosensors in human muscles show fiber type-specific distributions and their profiles are influenced by exercise intensities rather than environmental conditions.
Article
Physiology
Ana Victoria Rojo-Garcia, Mathias Vanmunster, Alexander Pacolet, Frank Suhr
Summary: Physical inactivity is associated with cardiovascular diseases, and even a short period of reduced physical activity can induce changes in genes associated with cardiac structure and electrophysiology. This research provides a basis for further exploring the relationship between cardiac functioning and physical inactivity.
PHYSIOLOGICAL REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Roger Jung, Sebastian Gehlert, Stephan Geisler, Eduard Isenmann, Julia Eyre, Christoph Zinner
Summary: This review aims to address the underrepresentation of women in resistance exercise-related studies and provide guidelines for muscle strength gains in women. The study found that for lower-body exercises, 1 to 6 repetitions and training twice a week is most effective, while for upper-body exercises, 13 to 20 repetitions and training two to three times a week is recommended.
Article
Physiology
Woo-Hwi Yang, So-Young Park, Taenam Kim, Hyung-Jin Jeon, Oliver Heine, Sebastian Gehlert
Summary: This study compared previous calculating formulas of maximal lactate accumulation rate (La.max) and a modified formula of pure La.max (P-La.max) during a 15-s all-out sprint cycling test (ASCT) and analyzed their relationships. The study found that P-La.max and La.max (t(PCr-peak)) were highly correlated, with a higher correlation than P-La.max and La.max (t(PCr-3.5%)). The modified calculation of P-La.max provides more detailed insights into the inter-individual differences in energy and glycolytic metabolism than the previous formulas.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Frederik Schuenemann, So-Young Park, Corinna Wawer, Christian Theis, Woo-Hwi Yang, Sebastian Gehlert
Summary: The study aimed to quantify the glycolytic energy metabolism and maximum lactate accumulation rate during rowing tests and examine their associations with rowing performance. It was found that maximum lactate accumulation rate was correlated with glycolytic energy contribution and mechanical power output during specific phases of the rowing test. These findings suggest that maximum lactate accumulation rate plays a role in individual energetic performance profile in rowing.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Martin Fluck, Colline Sanchez, Vincent Jacquemond, Christine Berthier, Marie-Noelle Giraud, Daniel Jacko, Kathe Bersiner, Sebastian Gehlert, Guus Baan, Richard T. Jaspers
Summary: Enhancing CaMKII signaling improves fatigue resistance and contractile characteristics of skeletal muscle by enhancing calcium release.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Biology
Gaspar Epro, Frank Suhr, Kiros Karamanidis
Summary: This study investigated the adaptive responses of the human triceps surae muscle-tendon unit to repetitive high tendon strain cyclic loading. The results showed that frequent high strain loading can lead to increased maximal tendon strain and altered collagen turnover.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Lian E. M. Stadhouders, Jonathon A. B. Smith, Brendan M. Gabriel, Sander A. J. Verbrugge, Tim D. Hammersen, Detmar Kolijn, Ilse S. P. Vogel, Abdalla D. Mohamed, Gerard M. J. de Wit, Carla Offringa, Willem M. H. Hoogaars, Sebastian Gehlert, Henning Wackerhage, Richard T. Jaspers
Summary: The Warburg effect, commonly associated with cancer, was investigated in relation to muscle hypertrophy, showing that glycolysis and non-essential amino acid synthesis play important roles in the process. Inhibiting glycolysis or key enzymes in the serine biosynthesis pathway decreased myotube size, while promoting glycolytic flux increased myotube size, suggesting a reprogramming of metabolism to facilitate anabolism in hypertrophying muscle cells.
EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Sport Sciences
Marcus Wesseler, Sebastian Gehlert, Birgit Conrad
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Sport Sciences
Sebastian Gehlert, Patrick Weinisch, Werner Roemisch-Margl, Richard Jaspers, Anna Artati, Jerzi Adamski, Kenneth A. Dyar, Thorben Aussieker, Daniel Jacko, Wilhelm Bloch, Henning Wackerhage, Gabi Kastenmueller
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2022)