Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yuxuan Jiang, Min Zhao, Litao Zhao, Qin Chen, Qing Huang, Xiaolong Song, Chenglong Zhang, Jingwei Wang
Summary: Dismantling waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs) of obsolete mobile phones is crucial for resource recycling and environmental protection. An automated WPCB disassembly equipment based on the hot-vibration process was designed and applied, achieving a 98% dismantling rate for electronic components and metal shields. However, components with underfill were less effectively disassembled. Both simulation and actual measurement results showed uniform temperature distribution inside the disassembly bin, with a maximum temperature difference of 6-8°C and a low-temperature region accounting for approximately 5% of the total area. The acceleration ranged from 2.11 to 8.28 g when using the disassembly force model. This equipment and process can be used for large-scale WPCB dismantling.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Iftikhar A. Soomro, Anser Ahmad, Rana H. Raza
Summary: This paper introduces a robust PCB classification system based on computer vision and deep learning, achieving high accuracy in e-waste recycling sorting by utilizing datasets under various conditions and a deep learning model.
RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Md Tasbirul Islam, Usha Iyer-Raniga
Summary: Electronic waste is growing rapidly worldwide. Recycling is an environmentally friendly waste management strategy that recovers valuable materials. In Australia, waste printed circuit boards are mainly recycled overseas. This study uses lifecycle assessment to identify the best solution for waste PCB disposal. The results suggest that integrated material and energy recovery is the best approach for waste PCB recycling in Australia.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
S. M. Fayaz, M. A. Abdoli, M. Baghdadi, A. R. Karbassi
Summary: Electrical and electronic waste poses a significant problem for countries, containing toxic and valuable substances. The study focuses on enhancing the extraction efficiency of silver from computer printed circuit boards waste using supercritical carbon dioxide, with the use of supercritical water pretreatment. Optimal test conditions yielded 98% extraction of silver without solvents and ligands, making it the best extraction point.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Bo Niu, E. Shanshan, Zhenming Xu, Jie Guo
Summary: The recycling of waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs) has gained global attention due to their large quantity, hazardous nature, and high recovery value. Baseboards have been extensively reviewed, but the recycling of waste electronic components (ECs) mounted on WPCBs remains a challenge. This comprehensive review analyzes and discusses the recycling of waste ECs, including dismantling, pollutant release and treatment, classification, resource recovery, and high-value utilization. It also proposes future perspectives and highlights the potential use of waste ECs as catalysts.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yanhe Nie, Yunxiang Jiang, Qiang Wang, Jianghao Chen, Sen Wang, Qike Zhang, Fumitake Takahashi
Summary: This study proposes the use of coal gasification slag (CGS) as an adsorbent for recovering gold from printed circuit boards (PCBs). The CGS was found to efficiently adsorb AuCl4- in solution, and the adsorption process was not significantly affected by pH, stirring speed, and temperature. The results suggest that the gold adsorption process is controlled by a chemical process and can be better described by pseudo-second-order kinetics and the Langmuir model. The recovery of gold by CGS not only helps to recycle solid waste but also enables the recycling of valuable resources in waste PCBs at a low cost.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Jie Tang, Xiaona Wan, Long Zhang
Summary: Hierarchically porous carbon/polyaniline electrodes derived from waste printed circuit board demonstrate exceptional electrochemical performance, including high rate capability, superior cyclic stability, and high specific capacitance. The synergistic effects between the specific surface area and porous structure contribute to the remarkable performance. Additionally, a potential mechanism explaining the superior performance is studied. This study not only offers a feasible strategy for recycling waste printed circuit boards but also provides insights for the rational synthesis and design of cost-effective electrode materials for supercapacitors.
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yingqi Lu, Bo Yang, Yichun Gao, Zhenming Xu
Summary: Recycling e-waste is important for eliminating environmental pollution and recovering critical materials. Current recycling methods involve manual labor for sorting waste ECs, which poses health risks. Automatic solutions are necessary to replace labor for efficient and safe sorting.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Sisi Hu, Yanping Zhong, Jinghua Xu, Lingli Min, Xujun Liang, Rui Bai, Shuhua Wang
Summary: Cu from waste printed circuit boards (PCBs) was successfully recovered as CuO particles with high specific surface area and rich oxygen vacancies. These particles showed comparable performance to commercial CuO in activating peroxymonosulfate to degrade reactive blue 19, demonstrating their potential application in wastewater treatment.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jinfeng Huang, Yi Deng, Yunhui Han, Jiancheng Shu, Rong Wang, Sheng Huang, Oladele A. Ogunseitan, Keli Yu, Min Shang, Yi Liu, Shuyuan Li, Yubin Han, Zhiqiang Cheng, Mengjun Chen
Summary: Waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs) pose challenges for sustainable resource recovery and environmental protection due to the presence of valuable material resources and hazardous substances. This study collected and analyzed 50 electronic components (ECs) from WPCBs, finding that copper and iron were the most abundant constituents, followed by silver, gold, palladium, and platinum. The study also identified new toxic threats from arsenic and selenium leaching from some of the ECs, indicating the need for regulation to reduce the toxic footprint of electronic products.
Article
Polymer Science
Heliano Clemente Bernardo, Thiago Rodrigues Martins, Daniel Assumpcao Bertuol, Eduardo Hiromitsu Tanabe
Summary: Advances in technological development have made the recovery of rare and strategic metals from secondary sources essential. This study focuses on the development of Nylon 6 nanofibers modified with Cyanex 272 organic extractant for the selective recovery of gold from printed circuit boards. The results show that these nanofibers have high selectivity and stability, making them suitable for multiple extraction and stripping cycles, with lower environmental impacts compared to conventional methods.
POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Fengfu Yin, Tianhao Chang, Lin Li, Huiguang Bian, Kongshuo Wang, Chuansheng Wang
Summary: The disassembling technology of printed circuit board components is becoming increasingly important in the field of electronic waste disassembly. This paper proposes a structural analysis method to reduce energy consumption and improve temperature uniformity in the solder melting process.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART C-JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Michelle A. Wagner, Jaco Huisman, Amund N. Lovik, Hina Habib, Paul Mahlitz, Ester van der Voet
Summary: This article discusses the importance of secondary raw materials in urban mines for modern technology, as well as the challenges in quantifying material recovery. By analyzing the element concentrations in printed circuit boards, structured information for studying product trends is provided.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Kai Dean Kang, I. M. S. K. Ilankoon, Meng Nan Chong, Ta Yeong Wu
Summary: This study investigates value recovery using coarse printed circuit boards (PCBs) through organic swelling pre-treatment. The experiment demonstrates the effectiveness of organic swelling in causing cracks and delamination in the multi-layered structure of the PCBs. Copper concentrate with high copper contents can be obtained by performing organic swelling for coarse PCBs. The weakened PCBs after organic swelling can be subjected to a less energy-intensive mechanical method to yield embedded copper foils.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Gengyu Xu, George Eleftheriades, Sean Victor Hum
Summary: An accurate equivalent circuit model (ECM) for general multiwire multiorder printed circuit board (PCB) metagratings (MGs) is developed, with effective impedances of grating wires modeled as lumped loads. Numerous propagating Floquet harmonics are modeled as circuit ports, and a set of required scattering parameters for the ECM is derived based on desired field transformation for the MG. Optimizing equivalent lumped loads allows encoding multiple functions into a single device, enabling the design and investigation of angle-multiplexed multifunctional MGs.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Seongmin Kim, Seungsoo Park, Seongsoo Han, Yosep Han, Jaikoo Park
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2018)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Seongmin Kim, Seungsoo Park, Yosep Han, Joonchul Choi, Jaikoo Park
MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS
(2014)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Seungsoo Park, Seongmin Kim, Seongsoo Han, Boram Kim, Byeongwoo Kim, Yosep Han, Jaikoo Park
MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS
(2018)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Wonjae Lee, Minuk Jung, Seongsoo Han, Seungsoo Park, Jai-koo Park
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2020)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Wonjae Lee, Seungsoo Park, Jaikoo Park
Summary: This study evaluated the grinding characteristics of waste PCBs using a PBM model, identifying the impact of hammer rotational speed, screen aperture size, feed size, and residence time on product particle size. It was found that specific rate of breakage increased with higher hammer rotational speed, while a finer product was achieved with a narrow screen aperture despite longer residence time. The feed size also influenced the final product size, with finer feed predicting a finer product although coarser feed resulted in a finer product.
GEOSYSTEM ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Boram Kim, Seongsoo Han, Seungsoo Park, Seongmin Kim, Minuk Jung, Chul-Hyun Park, Ho-Seok Jeon, Dae-Weon Kim, Yosep Han
Summary: The study focused on improving the crushing performance of PCB and recovering copper by thermal treatment. Results showed that heat treatment at 300°C in air significantly improved the copper liberation and mechanical strength of PCB, providing an ideal condition for copper recovery.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yosep Han, Seungsoo Park, Seongmin Kim, Seongsoo Han, Youngjae Kim, Ho-Seok Jeon
Summary: A cost-effective method to produce TiO2 photocatalytic materials with enhanced activity was developed by synthesizing TiO2@C nanorod-aggregate catalysts with ultrahigh surface area and hierarchical pore structure from natural ilmenite using mechanical activation, annealing, HCl leaching, and calcination. The catalyst showed excellent adsorption capacity and stability under visible light irradiation, making it a promising candidate for industrial applications in degrading organic pollutants.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
