Development of Conventional Transarterial Chemoembolization for Hepatocellular Carcinomas in Japan: Historical, Strategic, and Technical Review

OBJECTIVE. This article reviews the development of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) in Japan, particularly ethiodized oil-based conventional TACE, from historical, strategic, and technical points of view. We also present the current status of standardized conventional TACE. CONCLUSION. Conventional TACE has been developed toward a more-selective and hemodynamic-conscious method, along with technical innovation and knowledge accumulation. Standardization of this method is necessary for further scientific evaluation.