Article
Crystallography
Maria Mora, Andriy Durygin, Vadym Drozd, Shanece Esdaille, Jiuhua Chen, Surendra Saxena, Xue Liang, Leonid Vasylechko
Summary: In this study, gadolinium aluminate perovskite (GdAlO3) was investigated at high pressures up to 23 GPa using monochromatic synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction. A pressure-induced phase transformation from orthorhombic to rhombohedral structure was observed at 21 GPa and confirmed by DFT calculations. The study also revealed a decrease in structural distortion due to the pressure-induced phase transition.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yuichiro Kawabata, Daiki Takano, Keisuke Takahashi, Mitsuyasu Iwanami
Summary: The influence of hydraulic pressure on the internal damage of cement-based materials was experimentally studied, and a new testing apparatus was developed for in situ observation. The results showed that hydraulic pressure and water infiltration are the two main mechanisms affecting the internal damage of cement-based materials.
MATERIALS & DESIGN
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
X. C. Liu, X. G. Ge, Y. F. Li, X. M. An, L. Jiang, H. Guo, Z. L. Sun, X. R. Miao, F. X. Lu
Summary: A cylindrical cavity type microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition reactor was used to grow high optical quality single-crystal diamonds. The effects of growth temperature on the surface morphology, crystal quality, and optical properties were studied. Various tests confirmed the excellent performance of the diamond samples, making them suitable for Small Angle X-ray Scattering in situ loading test.
DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Qi Li, Charles J. Zeman Zeman, Bora Kalkan, Kristin Kirschbaum, Christopher G. Gianopoulos, Abhinav Parakh, David Doan, Andrew C. Lee, John Kulikowski, George C. Schatz, Guoyin Shen, Martin Kunz, X. Wendy Gu
Summary: In this study, the researchers conducted a high-pressure single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis on atomically precise metal nanoclusters, and directly identified the structural evolution of an ultrasmall gold nanoparticle under pressure. They discovered that a decrease in the Au-Au bond length resulted in a blue-shift in the photoluminescence spectra of the gold nanoclusters. The combination of high-pressure X-ray results, theoretical calculations, and experimental optical spectra provides a direct and generalizable approach to understand the structure-property relations of nanoclusters and nanoparticles.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Rijie Zhao, Tingting Yang, Yeqing Wang, Yang Ren, Jianrong Gao
Summary: The rapid solidification of intermetallic Ni3Sn compound from an undercooled liquid was studied, revealing the growth of ordered and disordered cubic solids at low and high undercooling, respectively. The disordered cubic solid was reordered after rapid solidification and underwent a solid-state transformation during cooling. High density crystal defects and nanodomains were observed in the transformed matrix, which were determined to be antiphase domains with chemical disorder through a HAADFSTEM study. These findings suggest the potential for online control of mechanical properties in additively manufactured intermetallics.
SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
A. F. Qasrawi, Tahani M. A. Irshaid, N. M. Gasanly
Summary: In this study, the properties of Tl2InGaSe4 crystals as multifunctional material and their application in Schottky diodes were reported. The crystals exhibited enhanced structural stability and light photosensitivity, making them promising for optoelectronic applications. Additionally, electrical analyses and capacitance spectra showed potential for use as microwave resonators and memory devices.
MATERIALS SCIENCE IN SEMICONDUCTOR PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Thomas Zillhardt, Genoveva Burca, Wolfgang Ludwig, Dong Liu, T. James Marrow
Summary: This study demonstrates that the reorientation of crystal domains accompanies the accommodation of mechanical strain in unirradiated polygranular graphite. The researchers used in situ neutron and synchrotron X-ray experiments to observe the changes in crystal orientation and local neutron scattering when strain was applied. The study provides new evidence for crystal deformation mechanisms that contribute to the elastic non-linearity and permanent set of polycrystalline graphite.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yafei Wang, Hiroyuki Toda, Yuantao Xu, Kazuyuki Shimizu, Kyosuke Hirayama, Hiro Fujihara, Akihisa Takeuchi, Masayuki Uesugi
Summary: In this study, advanced imaging and tracking techniques were used to analyze the particle debonding and fracture behavior of a H-charged 7075 Al alloy during tensile deformation. The effects of particle characteristics and stress state on particle damage were identified and evaluated. The contributions of particles to hydrogen trapping and the hydrogen effect on damaged particles were quantitatively assessed. The findings provide insights for mitigating hydrogen embrittlement.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Camino Martin-Sanchez, Ana Sanchez-Iglesias, Jose Antonio Barreda-Argueso, Alain Polian, Luis M. Liz-Marzan, Fernando Rodriguez
Summary: The mechanical properties and stability of metal nanoparticle colloids under high-pressure conditions are investigated using optical extinction spectroscopy and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). SAXS allows in situ monitoring of the structural evolution of nanoparticles induced by pressure, including nanoparticle size, shape, and aggregation. The differences in behavior observed under hydrostatic and nonhydrostatic conditions are explained in terms of liquid solidification processes leading to nanoparticle aggregation. The impact of nanoparticle shape on the aggregation process is also discussed.
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Ayano Nakamoto, Kohta Nambu, Hiroshi Masuda, Hidehiro Yoshida
Summary: Undoped Y2O3 polycrystals were densified by flash sintering under DC or AC electric field with varying holding times up to 60 min. The chemical bonding state and crystal structure were investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. DC flash sintering with longer holding times (>= 30 min) resulted in blackening in cathodic regions, indicating the electrode-dependent introduction of neutral oxygen vacancies. The Y 3d3/2 and Y 3d5/2 binding energies decreased with increasing holding time in both DC- and AC-flash-sintered Y2O3 specimens, regardless of polarity, indicating that positively charged oxygen vacancies were introduced by the flash sintering in an electrode-independent manner, even under DC electric field. XRD analysis revealed short-range structural fluctuations in flash-sintered specimens with longer holding times. These electrode-dependent and independent point defect generations under electric fields may be related to the enhanced atomic diffusion during flash sintering.
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Koji Yoshida, Tetsuro Nagai, Koji Ohara, Yuto Shirase, Kenji Miyatake, Junji Inukai
Summary: This study used in-situ observation to elucidate the humidity dependence of the bonding state of water in a anion exchange membrane. Hysteresis was observed during the absorption and desorption processes.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Franz Eckelt, Patrick Rothweiler, Frederic Braun, Lukas Voss, Ankica Saric, Martina Vrankic, Dirk Luetzenkirchen-Hecht
Summary: This study investigates the formation of ZnO nanomaterials from different Zn acetylacetonate precursor solutions under different temperature and solvent conditions using X-ray diffraction and X-ray absorption spectroscopy. The results show that the efficiency and crystal orientation of ZnO formation are strongly influenced by the reaction temperature and solvent type.
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Reiko Murao, Masao Kimura
Summary: The reduction behavior of various multi-component calcium ferrites at 900 degrees Celsius was studied, revealing that calcium ferrites with higher aluminum content showed lower reducibility compared to those with lower aluminum content.
ISIJ INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
N. R. Abdul Razak, X. F. Tan, F. Somidin, H. Yasuda, S. D. McDonald, K. Nogita
Summary: Observing TLP processes for rapid Cu6Sn5 growth using real-time synchrotron X-ray imaging helps address the issues of slow TLP process kinetics and uncontrolled void formation, providing important insights for the development of products suitable for high reliability and high-temperature applications.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Andrey Aslandukov, Pascal L. Jurzick, Maxim Bykov, Alena Aslandukova, Artem Chanyshev, Dominique Laniel, Yuqing Yin, Fariia I. Akbar, Saiana Khandarkhaeva, Timofey Fedotenko, Konstantin Glazyrin, Stella Chariton, Vitali Prakapenka, Fabrice Wilhelm, Andrei Rogalev, Davide Comboni, Michael Hanfland, Natalia Dubrovinskaia, Leonid Dubrovinsky
Summary: A series of isostructural Ln(3)O(2)(CN3) compounds were successfully synthesized under high-pressure high-temperature conditions. The crystal structure of these compounds was determined and confirmed using SCXRD, XANES measurements, and DFT calculations. It was also found that the unit cell volumes and compressibility of the compounds were influenced by the lanthanide contraction phenomenon. Additionally, the stabilization of the CN35- guanidinate anion at ambient conditions provides new opportunities in inorganic and organic synthetic chemistry.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2023)
Article
Spectroscopy
Sergey Rashchenko, Anastasia Mikhno, Anton Shatskiy
Summary: This study characterizes the structure and stability of Na-Ca carbonates synthesized under high pressures, particularly in the mantle transition zone. The results demonstrate that Na-Ca burbankite remains structurally stable at pressures up to 24 GPa, suggesting its potential presence in the deep mantle.
JOURNAL OF RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Dmitry Bondar, Anthony C. Withers, Alan G. Whittington, Hongzhan Fei, Tomoo Katsura
Summary: The dissolution of water in melts and its impact on glass structure were studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. It was found that the proportion of water molecules in the glass decreases with increasing depolymerization. Additionally, a new peak related to a specific hydroxyl group was identified, and the position of another peak was found to shift with depolymerization. These findings provide insights into the dissolution mechanisms of water in highly depolymerized glasses and their effect on glass structure.
GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Anton Shatskiy, Anton V. Arefiev, Konstantin D. Litasov
Summary: The study investigates the reaction kinetics and properties of mantle carbonates with iron metal, revealing the reduction, evolution, and preservation of carbonates in the mantle. This has significant implications for understanding diamond formation and mantle material cycling.
GEOSCIENCE FRONTIERS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Artem Chanyshev, Hongzhan Fei, Dmitry Bondar, Biao Wang, Zhaodong Liu, Takayuki Ishii, Robert Farla, Catherine McCammon, Tomoo Katsura
Summary: The chemistry of bridgmanite is important for understanding the Earth's lower mantle. Fe3+ can substitute for Mg in bridgmanite, and this substitution affects its physical properties. We investigated the substitution mechanism of Fe3+ and found that only the charge-coupled mechanism takes place, leading to the formation of FeFeO3 component. The absence of vacancies in bridgmanite under SiO2-saturated conditions implies differences in viscosity and electrical conductivity compared to the surrounding mantle, which may affect lower-mantle dynamics.
ACS EARTH AND SPACE CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Anton Shatskiy, Ivan V. Podborodnikov, Anastasia S. Fedoraeva, Anton Arefiev, Altyna Bekhtenova, Konstantin D. Litasov
Summary: The phase relations in the NaCl-CaCO3 and NaCl-MgCO3 systems were experimentally studied using a multi-anvil press at 6 GPa and temperatures ranging from 1000 to 1600 degrees C. Both systems were found to have eutectic type phase diagrams, with subsolidus assemblages of halite + aragonite and halite + magnesite. The composition of the halite-aragonite eutectic was determined to be 40 wt% NaCl and 60 wt% CaCO3 at temperatures below 1200 degrees C, while the halite-magnesite eutectic had a composition of 72 wt% NaCl and 28 wt% MgCO3 at 1300 degrees C. Complete miscibility between carbonate and chloride liquids was observed up to 1600 degrees C.
AMERICAN MINERALOGIST
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Takayuki Ishii, Catherine McCammon, Tomoo Katsura
Summary: The chemical composition of Fe,Al-bearing MgSiO3 perovskite (bridgmanite) was studied at high temperatures, revealing a decrease in the FeAlO3 content and no change in the Fe2O3 content with increasing temperature. The presence of MgFeO2.5 and Fe2/3SiO3 as charge-coupled components was also observed.
AMERICAN MINERALOGIST
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Youyue Zhang, Takashi Yoshino, Masahiro Osako
Summary: We have measured thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity for polycrystalline ferropericlase with different Fe contents under high pressure and high temperature conditions. The results show that even small amounts of Fe can significantly reduce the thermal conductivity of ferropericlase at low temperatures. There is a decrease in the pressure and temperature dependence with increasing Fe content. A universal equation was derived to estimate the thermal conductivity of ferropericlase under mantle conditions.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Hideharu Kuwahara, Ryoichi Nakada, Shintaro Kadoya, Takashi Yoshino, Tetsuo Irifune
Summary: The formation of the early Earth's mantle is believed to have been highly reducing, but geological evidence suggests it was oxidized. Experiments melting peridotite under deep mantle conditions show that the Fe3+ content of Earth's magma ocean was significantly higher than that of the present upper mantle, explaining the evidence for a highly oxidized Hadean mantle. This oxidation likely ended with the cessation of huge impacts, and the reduction in Fe3+ content and oxidation state of the upper mantle could be attributed to accretion of reduced materials by small impactors during the late Hadean and early Archaean eons.
Article
Physics, Condensed Matter
Innocent C. Ezenwa, Takashi Yoshino
Summary: This study reports the changes in electrical resistivity of titanium (Ti) and zirconium (Zr) at room temperature under pressures up to 20 GPa using a 4-wire resistivity method. The resistivity slopes of both metals change at different pressures. At 10 GPa, the resistivity of Ti increases with pressure while the resistivity of Zr decreases. This difference is attributed to incoherent scattering in Ti and coherent scattering in Zr during their solid α->ω transition. Furthermore, the study allows constraining the boundaries of the α->ω phase coexistence region in Zr to be 4-8 GPa.
PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC SOLID STATE PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Anton Shatskiy, Ivan V. V. Podborodnikov, Anton V. V. Arefiev, Konstantin D. D. Litasov
Summary: Inclusions in mantle minerals and xenoliths from kimberlites derived from deep depths showed great variations in composition. The stability range of these inclusions remains unclear. New experimental data on the KCl-CaCO3-MgCO3 system obtained at 3 GPa show the eutectic type of phase relations. The melting reactions of KCl-bearing carbonated eclogite at different pressures and depths are also identified.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Yu Nishihara, Shunta Doi, Noriyoshi Tsujino, Daisuke Yamazaki, Kyoko N. Matsukage, Yumiko Tsubokawa, Takashi Yoshino, Andrew R. Thomson, Yuji Higo, Yoshinori Tange
Summary: The viscosity of hcp-Fe is critical for understanding the dynamics of the Earth's inner core. High-pressure and -temperature deformation experiments were conducted to study the rheology of hcp-Fe, revealing a power-law dislocation creep mechanism. The dominant deformation mechanism at high temperatures is power-law dislocation creep, while at lower temperatures, a mechanism with power-law breakdown prevails.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Baohua Zhang, Hongzhan Fei, Takashi Yoshino, Qunke Xia
Summary: The thermal structure of Craton plays a crucial role in its internal melting state, electrical conductivity and dynamic evolution. Enhanced conductivity in Craton with high surface heat flow can be explained by the presence of silicate or carbonate melt, while Craton with relatively low surface heat flow may be due to a small amount of carbonate melt or water in nominally anhydrous minerals (NAMs).
EARTH-SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hongzhan Fei, Maxim D. Ballmer, Ulrich Faul, Nicolas Walte, Weiwei Cao, Tomoo Katsura
Summary: A substantial viscosity difference is observed in the lower mantle of Earth at a depth of 800-1,200 km, known as the mid-mantle viscosity jump. This viscosity jump plays a crucial role in the dynamics and evolution of the mantle, affecting slab subduction, plume ascent, and chemical mixing. The origin of this viscosity jump has remained unknown, but this study suggests that rocks enriched with bridgmanite in the deep lower mantle have significantly larger grain size and higher viscosity compared to overlying pyrolitic rocks, providing an explanation for the mid-mantle viscosity jump.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chao Liu, Takashi Yoshino, Daisuke Yamazaki, Noriyoshi Tsujino, Hitoshi Gomi, Moe Sakurai, Youyue Zhang, Ran Wang, Longli Guan, Kayan Lau, Yoshinori Tange, Yuji Higo
Summary: This study investigates the effect of water on the seismic properties of olivine aggregates in the oceanic lithosphere. The results show that water substantially enhances energy dispersion and reduces elastic moduli, with an attenuation peak at higher frequencies. The findings suggest that the sharp seismic changes at the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary far from mid-ocean ridges could be attributed to the difference in water content between the lithosphere and asthenosphere.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Artem Chanyshev, Hongzhan Fei, Dmitry Bondar, Biao Wang, Zhaodong Liu, Takayuki Ishii, Robert Farla, Catherine McCammon, Tomoo Katsura
Summary: The substitution mechanisms of Fe3+ in bridgmanite and its impact on physical properties were investigated under specific high pressure and temperature conditions. The study found that the fraction of Fe3+ increases with temperature, and the substitution mechanism only takes place under specific conditions. Additionally, the absence of vacancies in bridgmanite under specific conditions has important implications for lower-mantle dynamics.
ACS EARTH AND SPACE CHEMISTRY
(2023)
