Article
Rheumatology
Koshiro Sonomoto, Hiroaki Tanaka, Tuan Manh Nguyen, Hiroko Yoshinari, Kazuhisa Nakano, Shingo Nakayamada, Yoshiya Tanaka
Summary: This study clarifies the risk factors for PCP in RA patients on b/tsDMARDs treatment and defines effective criteria for prophylaxis against PCP.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Erica Franceschini, Giovanni Dolci, Antonella Santoro, Marianna Meschiari, Alice Ricco, Marianna Menozzi, Giulia Jole Burastero, Biagio Cuffari, Nicola De Maria, Lucia Serio, Emanuela Biagioni, Barbara Catellani, Stefano Di Sandro, Antonio Colecchia, Massimo Girardis, Fabrizio Di Benedetto, Cristina Mussini
Summary: This study aims to describe a case series of patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis and Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP). The results show that liver cirrhosis can be an independent risk factor for PCP, especially in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis who are on corticosteroid treatment for decompensated cirrhosis. Primary prophylaxis for PCP should be considered in these patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Review
Microbiology
Kazuto Takeuchi, Yoshihiro Yakushijin
Summary: Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) is a life-threatening pneumonia commonly seen in immunocompromised patients, and could have significant impacts on cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, highlighting the importance of PJP prophylaxis.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Julien Nunes, Nahema Issa, Amandine Dupuis, Isabelle Accoceberry, Stephane Pedeboscq
Summary: This study found a high number of PCP cases over 5 years, with most patients being immunosuppressed and having risk factors for PCP. Many patients were not receiving prophylactic treatment at the time of PCP diagnosis. Therefore, prophylactic treatment should be routine for immunocompromised patients with risk factors.
Article
Immunology
Andrew Atkinson, Marcel Zwahlen, Diana Barger, Antonella d'Arminio Monforte, Stephane De Wit, Jade Ghosn, Enrico Girardi, Veronica Svedhem, Philippe Morlat, Cristina Mussini, Antoni Noguera-Julian, Christoph Stephan, Giota Touloumi, Ole Kirk, Amanda Mocroft, Peter Reiss, Jose M. Miro, James R. Carpenter, Hansjakob Furrer
Summary: The study suggests that primary prophylaxis for pneumocystis pneumonia (PcP) may be safely withheld in confirmed virologically suppressed patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART), regardless of their CD4 count.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Shirley Chiu Wai Chan, Ho Yin Chung, Chak Sing Lau, Philip Hei Li
Summary: This study found that PJP is uncommon but important among rheumatic patients. PJP prophylaxis is effective for patients with SSc, AAV, and IMM, especially those receiving glucocorticoid doses above 15 mg/day.
ANNALS OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND ANTIMICROBIALS
(2021)
Article
Dermatology
Pengfeng Yang, Xiaoqiu Zhu, Weixiang Liang, Ruiming Cai
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed the occurrence and risk factors of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia after kidney transplantation, providing effective strategies for prophylaxis and treatment.
Article
Immunology
Philip B. Andreasen, Omid Rezahosseini, Dina L. Moller, Neval E. Wareham, Magda T. Thomsen, Ranya Houmami, Andreas D. Knudsen, Jenny Knudsen, Jorgen A. L. Kurtzhals, Andreas A. Rostved, Christian R. Pedersen, Allan Rasmussen, Susanne D. Nielsen
Summary: This study investigated the incidence rate of PCP and related hospitalization and mortality rates in liver transplant recipients. Results showed that PCP was not detected in liver transplant recipients while on prophylaxis, and all recipients diagnosed with PCP were hospitalized but none died.
IMMUNITY INFLAMMATION AND DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Ruo-Yang Chen, Da -Wei Li, Jie-Ying Wang, Shao-Yong Zhuang, Hao-Yu Wu, Jia-Jin Wu, Jun-Wen Qu, Nan Sun, Chen Zhong, Cheng Zhu, Ming Zhang, Yue-Tian Yu, Xiao-Dong Yuan
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of low-dose TMP-SMX as the primary prophylaxis for PJP in adult recipients of kidney transplantation. The results showed that low-dose TMP-SMX significantly reduced the incidence of PJP after kidney transplantation and had a favorable safety profile.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Ruo-Yang Chen, Da-Wei Li, Jie-Ying Wang, Shao-Yong Zhuang, Hao-Yu Wu, Jia-Jin Wu, Jun-Wen Qu, Nan Sun, Chen Zhong, Cheng Zhu, Ming Zhang, Yue-Tian Yu, Xiao-Dong Yuan
Summary: The study evaluated the efficacy and safety of low-dose trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) as the primary prophylaxis for Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) in adult recipients of kidney transplantation. The results showed that low-dose TMP-SMX prophylaxis significantly reduced the incidence of PJP within 6 months after kidney transplantation and had a favorable safety profile.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Benjamin Claytor, Yuebing Li
Summary: The risk of PJ infection in patients with autoimmune neuromuscular diseases is extremely low, suggesting that widespread use of prophylactic therapy is likely unnecessary. However, certain comorbidities may increase the risk for PJ infection, and these risk factors should be considered when determining the need for prophylaxis.
Article
Dermatology
Hao-Chen Hsu, Po-Wei Huang, Yung-Tsu Cho, Chia-Yu Chu
Summary: We conducted a single-centered retrospective study on pemphigus patients treated with rituximab, investigating the prophylactic efficacy and safety profile of cotrimoxazole. The results showed that the incidence of PJP in the prophylaxis group was significantly lower than that in the control group, and the adverse reactions of cotrimoxazole were tolerable.
DERMATOLOGY AND THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Dora Pungan, Jia Fan, Guixiang Dai, Mst Shamima Khatun, Monika L. Dietrich, Kevin J. Zwezdaryk, James E. Robinson, Samuel J. Landry, Jay K. Kolls
Summary: In this study, proteomics was performed on Pneumocystis-infected mice to identify potential antigens for seroprevalence studies. A fungal glucanase was found to be conserved among fungal species and showed a strong correlation with IgG responses to another Pneumocystis antigen. These antigens could serve as useful tools for seroprevalence and seroconversion studies of Pneumocystis.
Review
Microbiology
Chia-Yu Chiu, Patrick R. Ching
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on the use of intravenous pentamidine (IVP) as a prophylaxis agent for Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) in non-HIV immunocompromised patients. The results showed that monthly IVP can be an appropriate second-line option for PCP prophylaxis in certain non-HIV immunocompromised hosts, especially those with hematologic malignancies and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients. It is feasible to use IVP as an alternative to oral TMP-SMX for PCP prophylaxis when enteral medication administration is not possible.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nina Tsvetkova, Rumen Harizanov, Iskra Rainova, Aleksandra Ivanova, Nina Yancheva-Petrova
Summary: This study investigated the presence of DHPS gene mutations among P. jirovecii isolates from Bulgarian patients with PCP. The results showed that infections caused by P. jirovecii mutants potentially resistant to sulfonamides are still rare events in Bulgaria, with DHPS genotype 1 being the predominant strain in the country.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
