Article
Environmental Sciences
Jingwen Cao, Ran Xu, Yuan Geng, Shiwen Xu, Mengyao Guo
Summary: Microplastics are common pollutants that have various plastic applications. They can now be found in the air and inhaled into the lungs, leading to respiratory diseases. This study utilized mice models to demonstrate that exposure to polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPS) of different sizes caused severe inflammatory responses, apoptosis, and collagen deposition in the lungs, with smaller sizes having more noticeable damage. The study also found that PS-MPS targeted binding to Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), exacerbating fibrosis by promoting inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis through activation of the NF-KB signal pathway.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Divanshu Shukla, Ashok Patidar, Uddipan Sarma, Prashant Chauhan, Surya Prakash Pandey, Himanshu Singh Chandel, Neelam Bodhale, Soumya Kanti Ghosh, Carlos Alberto Guzman, Thomas Ebensen, Ricardo Silvestre, Arup Sarkar, Bhaskar Saha, Surajit Bhattacharjee
Summary: TLRs on host cells recognize PAMPs on pathogens and trigger immune responses. Leishmania infection alters TLR interdependency, revealing a unique immune evasive mechanism. Targeting TLR interdependency can induce a host-protective immune response against intracellular pathogens.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mercedes Rose, Alain Filiatreault, Andrew Williams, Josee Guenette, Errol M. Thomson
Summary: Air pollution is associated with increased risk of metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes due to the dysregulation of the insulin-signaling pathway. This study aimed to investigate the effects of ozone on insulin-signaling genes in major metabolic tissues and explore the role of glucocorticoids. Results showed that ozone inhalation led to distinct mRNA profiles and altered phosphorylation states of insulin-signaling proteins, indicating tissue-specific regulation of insulin-signaling pathway genes through glucocorticoid-dependent and independent mechanisms.
TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Myles X. Hodge, Andres R. Henriquez, Urmila P. Kodavanti
Summary: Adrenergic receptors and glucocorticoid receptors are activated by circulating catecholamines and glucocorticoids respectively, regulating the homeostasis of physiological processes. Ozone, a typical air pollutant, can cause pulmonary and systemic effects through the activation of these receptors.
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Muhammad Saif-ur Rehman, Saif Ur Rehman, Wasim Yousaf, Faiz-ul Hassan, Waqas Ahmad, Qingyou Liu, Hongping Pan
Summary: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are essential for regulating immune responses and disease resistance in chickens. By utilizing specific feed ingredients and yeast-derived products, the immunity and disease resistance of chickens can be enhanced, providing new avenues for healthy and profitable chicken production.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anuja Jain, Tina Begum, Shandar Ahmad
Summary: Identifying the molecular features of host Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which are responsible for sensing pathogen nucleic acids, is important for understanding host defense mechanisms. We found that these features directly correlate with the strand specificity of the pathogen nucleic acids, but cannot fully explain the selectivity of pathogenic molecular patterns. Using machine learning, we developed a model that accurately predicts the strand specificity of TLRs based on protein-derived features.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Yingchi Zhang, Jia Liu, Changlun Wang, Junxian Liu, Wei Lu
Summary: Toll-like receptor gene polymorphisms can increase the risk of autoimmune diseases, and studying these variations can expand our understanding of the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Ishita Choudhary, Thao Vo, Kshitiz Paudel, Sonika Patial, Yogesh Saini
Summary: Transcriptome profiling was used to analyze gene expression changes and biological pathway enrichment in murine lungs exposed to ozone, revealing sex-specific differences in response to ozone exposure in both sexes within different cell compartments.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LUNG CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Mohammad Enamul Hoque Kayesh, Md Abul Hashem, Kyoko Tsukiyama-Kohara
Summary: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are evolutionarily conserved pattern recognition receptors that play a crucial role in the innate immunity against microbial pathogens. This study investigated the expression profiles of TLRs in koalas infected with different subtypes of KoRV, revealing variations in TLR expression in koalas infected with exogenous subtypes compared to endogenous subtype, suggesting the importance of TLRs in KoRV infection and providing insights into the koala's immune response to the virus.
Article
Cell Biology
Karsten Grote, Marina Nicolai, Uwe Schubert, Bernhard Schieffer, Christian Troidl, Klaus T. Preissner, Stefan Bauer, Silvia Fischer
Summary: The study demonstrated that self-extracellular RNA can interact with TLR2 ligands and enhance innate immune responses under pathological conditions, suggesting it as a new target for the treatment of bacterial and viral infections.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jia Guo, Xiaoshan Zhang, Yi Gao, Zhangwei Wang, Meigen Zhang, Wenbo Xue, Hartmut Herrmann, Guy Pierre Brasseur, Tao Wang, Zhe Wang
Summary: Increasing surface ozone (O3) concentrations has become a major air pollution problem in urban regions worldwide. This study proposes a new approach (EKMA) to diagnose the ozone formation regime using easily accessible O3 and NO2 observation datasets. By mapping the monitored data on a modeling diagram, the ozone formation regime and historical evolution of precursors can be illustrated. The findings show that for most urban regions in China, the ozone formation is currently associated with a VOC-limited regime.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fernando Torres Andon, Sergio Leon, Aldo Ummarino, Esther Redin, Paola Allavena, Diego Serrano, Clement Anfray, Alfonso Calvo
Summary: TLRs serve as natural initial triggers of immune responses and hold potential in cancer immunotherapy. Intratumoral injection of TLR agonists achieves high local drug exposure and strong antitumor response, potentially leading to cure and antitumor immunological memory.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Shuangshuang Shi, Bin Zhu, Guiqian Tang, Cao Liu, Junlin An, Duanyang Liu, Jiaping Xu, Honghui Xu, Hong Liao, Yanlin Zhang
Summary: This study provides observational evidence of the effects of aerosols on solar shortwave radiation and ozone profiles in the low troposphere. Absorbing aerosols decrease radiation and inhibit ozone production, while scattering aerosols enhance radiation and promote ozone production. Overall, aerosols have a significant impact on the vertical structure of ozone.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Xiang Xiao, Yangyang Xu, Xiaorui Zhang, Fan Wang, Xiao Lu, Zongwei Cai, Guy Brasseur, Meng Gao
Summary: This study investigates the cooccurrences of heat and air pollution extremes in China. The results show a significant increase in the frequency of joint exceedances of wet-bulb temperature (w) and O-3, mainly in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and the Yangtze River delta. Moreover, the rate of joint exceedance is higher than the rate of T-w and O-3 themselves.
BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Kingsley Ekwemalor, Emmanuel Asiamah, Sarah Adjei-Fremah, Eboghoye Eluka-Okoludoh, Bharath Mulakala, Bertha Osei, Mulumebet Worku
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effect of diverse PAMPs on the transcription of TLR signaling pathway genes in goat blood. The results show that PAMPs modulated and increased the expression of genes in the TLR signaling pathway.
ANIMAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Janine F. Felix, Bonnie R. Joubert, Andrea A. Baccarelli, Gemma C. Sharp, Catarina Almqvist, Isabella Annesi-Maesano, Hasan Arshad, Nour Baiz, Marian J. Bakermans-Kranenburg, Kelly M. Bakulski, Elisabeth B. Binder, Luigi Bouchard, Carrie V. Breton, Bert Brunekreef, Kelly J. Brunst, Esteban G. Burchard, Mariona Bustamante, Leda Chatzi, Monica Cheng Munthe-Kaas, Eva Corpeleijn, Darina Czamara, Dana Dabelea, George Davey Smith, Patrick De Boever, Liesbeth Duijts, Terence Dwyer, Celeste Eng, Brenda Eskenazi, Todd M. Everson, Fahimeh Falahi, M. Daniele Fallin, Sara Farchi, Mariana F. Fernandez, Lu Gao, Tom R. Gaunt, Akram Ghantous, Matthew W. Gillman, Semira Gonseth, Veit Grote, Olena Gruzieva, Siri E. Haberg, Zdenko Herceg, Marie-France Hivert, Nina Holland, John W. Holloway, Cathrine Hoyo, Donglei Hu, Rae-Chi Huang, Karen Huen, Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin, Dereje D. Jima, Allan C. Just, Margaret R. Karagas, Robert Karlsson, Wilfried Karmaus, Katerina J. Kechris, Juha Kere, Manolis Kogevinas, Berthold Koletzko, Gerard H. Koppelman, Leanne K. Kupers, Christine Ladd-Acosta, Jari Lahti, Nathalie Lambrechts, Sabine A. S. Langie, Rolv T. Lie, Andrew H. Liu, Maria C. Magnus, Per Magnus, Rachel L. Maguire, Carmen J. Marsit, Wendy McArdle, Erik Melen, Phillip Melton, Susan K. Murphy, Tim S. Nawrot, Lorenza Nistico, Ellen A. Nohr, Bjorn Nordlund, Wenche Nystad, Sam S. Oh, Emily Oken, Christian M. Page, Patrice Perron, Goran Pershagen, Costanza Pizzi, Michelle Plusquin, Katri Raikkonen, Sarah E. Reese, Eva Reischl, Lorenzo Richiardi, Susan Ring, Ritu P. Roy, Peter Rzehak, Greet Schoeters, David A. Schwartz, Sylvain Sebert, Harold Snieder, Thorkild I. A. Sorensen, Anne P. Starling, Jordi Sunyer, Jack ATaylor, Henning Tiemeier, Vilhelmina Ullemar, Marina Vafeiadi, Marinus H. Van Ijzendoorn, Judith M. Vonk, Annette Vriens, Martine Vrijheid, Pei Wang, Joseph L. Wiemels, Allen J. Wilcox, Rosalind J. Wright, Cheng-Jian Xu, Zongli Xu, Ivana V. Yang, Paul Yousefi, Hongmei Zhang, Weiming Zhang, Shanshan Zhao, Golareh Agha, Caroline L. Relton, Vincent W. V. Jaddoe, Stephanie J. London
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2018)
Letter
Critical Care Medicine
Andrew A. Monte, Hao Sun, Anna Malin Rapp-Olsson, Fahim Mohamed, Indika Gawarammana, Nicholas A. Buckley, Christopher M. Evans, Ivana V. Yang, David A. Schwartz
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2018)
Review
Allergy
Elizabeth J. Davidson, Ivana V. Yang
CURRENT OPINION IN ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nancy C. Allen, Naomi H. Philip, Lucy Hui, Xu Zhou, Ruth A. Franklin, Yong Kong, Ruslan Medzhitov
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Ivor S. Douglas, Chester A. Rosenthal, Diandra D. Swanson, Terra Hiller, Judy Oakes, Jamie Bach, Christopher Whelchel, Jennifer Pickering, Tobias George, Mark Kearns, Michael Hanley, Kara Mould, Sarah Roark, Jason Mansoori, Anuj Mehta, Eric P. Schmidt, Anna Neumeier
Summary: This study demonstrates that prolonged prone position ventilation for patients with coronavirus disease 2019 acute respiratory distress syndrome is feasible and relatively safe, with implications for wider adoption in treating critically ill coronavirus disease 2019 patients and acute respiratory distress syndrome of other etiologies.
CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Kyle De Young, Angeline Bottera, Evelyna Kambanis, Christopher Mancuso, Kamila Cass, Kristen Lohse, Jodie Benabe, Judy Oakes, Ashlie Watters, Craig Johnson, Philip Mehler
Summary: Research on delusional beliefs in anorexia nervosa patients has shown that the intensity of these beliefs may be associated with the severity of central eating disorder attitudes and behaviors. Although delusional intensity did not significantly improve over a short period of time, it may serve as a negative prognostic indicator, potentially warranting further treatment and the need for longer-term studies to investigate the impact of specifically targeting delusional beliefs on treatment outcomes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EATING DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Jeff Hollis, Scott Mann, Ashlie Watters, Judy Oakes, Philip S. Mehler
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of autophony, a distressing auditory symptom commonly associated with patulous eustachian tube, in individuals with severe malnourishment due to an eating disorder. Results showed that 42.6% of the patients reported experiencing autophony, and its presence was correlated with lower serum prealbumin levels and body weight.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EATING DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Ashlie Watters, Richard J. Johnson, Maryrose Bauschka, Judy Oakes, Marina Kelley, Philip S. Mehler
Summary: This observational study investigated serum uric acid levels in patients with extreme forms of eating disorders at admission and discharge. It found that most severe AN-R patients had low-normal uric acid levels, while AN-BP patients had higher levels, which increased with nutritional intake and weight gain. Checking UA levels on admission may have clinical value for patients with eating disorders.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EATING DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Dennis Gibson, Jodie Benabe, Ashlie Watters, Judy Oakes, Philip S. Mehler
Summary: Stimulant laxative abuse may lead to the development of cathartic colon changes and is associated with unique psychopathology, characterized by higher Novelty Seeking and Sensitivity to Punishment, as well as greater Harm Avoidance in individuals engaging in any form of purging behavior.
JOURNAL OF EATING DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Scott E. Mann, Jeff Hollis, Trudy Frederics, Ashlie Watters, Judy Oakes, Stephen P. Cass, Philip S. Mehler
Summary: In severe anorexia nervosa patients, transient autophony symptoms are primarily due to patulous eustachian tube, with improvement observed in symptoms after nutritional rehabilitation and weight gain. Further research is needed to understand the impact on quality of life and pathophysiology of transient patulous eustachian tube in this patient population.
LARYNGOSCOPE INVESTIGATIVE OTOLARYNGOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
P. Evelyna Kambanis, Angeline R. Bottera, Christopher J. Mancuso, Kamila Cass, Kristen Lohse, Jodie Benabe, Judy Oakes, Ashlie Watters, Craig Johnson, Philip Mehler, Kyle P. De Young
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the association between the content of eating/body image-related beliefs in individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN) and important aspects of eating disorder (ED) psychopathology. The findings suggest that while belief domains were not significantly associated with greater delusional intensity, stronger delusionality was generally associated with worse ED psychopathology.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Farnaz Fouladi, Emily C. Bulik-Sullivan, Elaine M. Glenny, Laura M. Thornton, Kylie K. Reed, Stephanie Thomas, Susan Kleiman, Ashlie Watters, Judy Oakes, Eun-Young Huh, Quyen Tang, Jintong Liu, Zorka Djukic, Lauren Harper, Yesel Trillo-Ordonez, Shan Sun, Ivory Blakely, Philip S. Mehler, Anthony A. Fodor, Lisa M. Tarantino, Cynthia M. Bulik, Ian M. Carroll
Summary: This study investigates the composition of gut microbiota in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) and its influence on the host. The researchers collected fecal samples from AN patients before and after treatment at two different eating disorder units. The results show that the gut microbiota of AN patients remained distinct from non-eating disorder controls even after treatment. The study highlights the important role of gut microbiota in AN patients and its impact on recovery.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Anandita Pal, Judy Oakes, Marwa Elnagheeb, Folami Y. Ideraabdullah
EPIGENETICS INSIGHTS
(2020)
Meeting Abstract
Medicine, General & Internal
A. C. Schulick, A. M. Estrella, I. Yang, D. A. Schwartz
JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE MEDICINE
(2018)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Michael C. Rudolph, Matthew R. Jackman, David M. Presby, Julie A. Houck, Patricia G. Webb, Ginger C. Johnson, Taylor K. Soderborg, Becky A. de la Houssaye, Ivana V. Yang, Jacob E. Friedman, Paul S. MacLean