Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Eunate Gallardo-Vara, Aglaia Ntokou, Jui M. Dave, Daniel G. Jovin, Fatima Z. Saddouk, Daniel M. Greif
Summary: Pulmonary hypertension is a deadly disease characterized by increased blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries. Pathological remodeling of the pulmonary vasculature is a common feature, mainly caused by endothelial cell dysfunction and excess smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration. Other cell types, including fibroblasts, pericytes, inflammatory cells, and platelets, also contribute to the disease.
JOURNAL OF HEART AND LUNG TRANSPLANTATION
(2023)
Review
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Nicholas D. Cober, M. Martin VandenBroek, Mark L. Ormiston, Duncan J. Stewart
Summary: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a deadly disease characterized by imbalances in pulmonary endothelial cells. Endothelial cell apoptosis and the imbalance between injury and repair may play a crucial role in the development of PAH, making endothelial cells a major target for therapeutic interventions. Arterial pruning and endothelial injury contribute to occlusive arterial remodeling in PAH. Endothelial cell senescence and the effects of female sex hormones on arterial changes in PAH are complex.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kunwar Somesh Vikramdeo, Amod Sharma, Shashi Anand, Sarabjeet Kour Sudan, Seema Singh, Ajay Pratap Singh, Santanu Dasgupta
Summary: Prostate cancer is a major cause of cancer-related mortality globally, and race-associated health disparities are common and concerning. PSA-based screening is commonly used for early diagnosis, but it cannot distinguish between indolent and aggressive prostate cancer. Androgen or androgen receptor-targeted therapies are standard treatments, but resistance is common. Mitochondrial alterations are common in prostate cancer and affect tumor-supportive stromal remodeling. This article discusses the role of mitochondrial alterations in prostate cancer pathobiology, therapy resistance, and racial disparities, as well as their potential as prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Prisca Bustamante, Leo Piquet, Solange Landreville, Julia Burnier
Summary: Uveal melanoma is an intraocular tumor that tends to metastasize to the liver. Despite identifying early driver mutations, the process of UM metastasis remains incompletely understood. A better understanding of genetic, molecular, and environmental factors could lead to new approaches for UM treatment.
SEMINARS IN CANCER BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jessica H. Huston, Sanjiv J. Shah
Summary: The development of pulmonary hypertension in patients with heart failure due to left heart disease is common and has adverse prognostic implications. However, there are currently no known specific treatments for this condition. Diagnostic criteria and clinical classification for pulmonary hypertension due to left heart disease are still evolving, posing challenges for researchers. The pathobiology of this condition is not well understood, but factors such as increased wall stress and endothelial dysfunction are believed to contribute to pulmonary vascular remodeling. Further investigation is needed to better understand the drivers of this condition and develop effective prevention and treatment strategies.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Joao Vitor Caetano Goes, Luiz Gustavo Carvalho, Roberta Taiane Germano de Oliveira, Mayara Magna de Lima Melo, Lazaro Antonio Campanha Novaes, Daniel Antunes Moreno, Paola Gyuliane Goncalves, Carlos Victor Montefusco-Pereira, Ronald Feitosa Pinheiro, Howard Lopes Ribeiro Junior
Summary: This article reviews the role of sirtuins (SIRTs) in the pathogenesis of hematological malignancies and highlights their potential as diagnostic and therapeutic targets. A systematic review and bioinformatic analysis were conducted to analyze the expression of SIRTs in onco-hematological diseases. The findings suggest the need for further research and clinical trials to expand our understanding of SIRT inhibition and its effect on controlling clonal progression in these diseases. Overall, SIRTs represent potential molecular targets for the control of hematopoietic system failures and neoplasms caused by aging.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shuo Li, Lina Wang, Shijin Sun, Qingyu Wu
Summary: Hepsin, a type II transmembrane serine protease highly expressed in the liver, activates prohepatocyte growth factor to regulate metabolism. It also functions in nonhepatic tissues to regulate various physiological processes. Hepsin deficiency results in metabolic abnormalities and increased risk of cancer.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Megan M. Marron, Tamara B. Harris, Robert M. Boudreau, Clary B. Clish, Steven C. Moore, Rachel A. Murphy, Venkatesh L. Murthy, Jason L. Sanders, Ravi Shah, George C. Tseng, Stacy G. Wendell, Joseph M. Zmuda, Anne B. Newman
Summary: The study found that a metabolite composite score can predict mortality and attenuate the association between frailty and mortality among older black men. These metabolites provide a deeper characterization of the higher mortality associated with frailty in older adults.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Respiratory System
Lei Wang, Wei Zhang, Cong Li, Xin Chen, Jing Huang
Summary: Through gene expression data analysis, four biomarkers (DDIT3, NFKBIA, OSM, and PTGER4) related to pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) were identified, and a gene-drug network was constructed, providing important clues for the development of new diagnostic biomarkers and actionable targets for PAH treatment.
BMC PULMONARY MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jiaxin Li, Xiaoxuan Zhai, Xiao Sun, Shengchuan Cao, Qiuhuan Yuan, Jiali Wang
Summary: This review summarizes recent findings on metabolic reprogramming occurring in different cell types during pulmonary fibrosis, especially those related to glucose, lipid, and amino acid metabolism, with the aim of identifying novel treatment targets for pulmonary fibrosis.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Michael Mah, Mark Febbraio, Sarah Turpin-Nolan
Summary: Biomarkers play crucial roles in describing biological processes and monitoring intervention strategies. Lipid biomarkers are used in clinical settings to predict and monitor metabolic diseases, such as specific circulating ceramides as predictors of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Brett A. Clementz, David A. Parker, Rebekah L. Trotti, Jennifer E. McDowell, Sarah K. Keedy, Matcheri S. Keshavan, Godfrey D. Pearlson, Elliot S. Gershon, Elena I. Ivleva, Ling-Yu Huang, S. Kristian Hill, John A. Sweeney, Olivia Thomas, Matthew Hudgens-Haney, Robert D. Gibbons, Carol A. Tamminga
Summary: The current clinical phenomenological diagnosis in psychiatry lacks the ability to capture biologically homologous disease entities. A biomarker approach, termed Psychosis Biotypes, has successfully identified neurobiological homology in cases with schizophrenia, schizoaffective, and bipolar I disorder with psychosis. Different Psychosis Biotypes show distinct neurobiological characteristics, which may offer meaningful targets for treatments and etiological investigations.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Shirjel R. Alam, Sudhir Vinayak, Adeel Shah, Gemina Doolub, Redemptar Kimeu, Kevin P. Horn, Stephen R. Bowen, Mohamed Jeilan, Kuan Ken Lee, Sylvia Gachoka, Felix Riunga, Rodney D. Adam, Hubert Vesselle, Nikhil Joshi, Mariah Obino, Khalid Makhdomi, Kevin Ombati, Edward Nganga, Samuel Gitau, Michael H. Chung, Anoop S. Shah
Summary: This study used complementary imaging techniques to identify myocarditis in patients with acute COVID-19, with a majority showing inflammatory cell infiltration. Pneumonitis was common but not associated with myocarditis.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Tatjana Kleine, Thomas Naegele, H. Ekkehard Neuhaus, Christian Schmitz-Linneweber, Alisdair R. Fernie, Peter Geigenberger, Bernhard Grimm, Kerstin Kaufmann, Edda Klipp, Joerg Meurer, Torsten Moehlmann, Timo Muehlhaus, Belen Naranjo, Joerg Nickelsen, Andreas Richter, Hannes Ruwe, Michael Schroda, Serena Schwenkert, Oliver Trentmann, Felix Willmund, Reimo Zoschke, Dario Leister
Summary: Acclimation is the ability of individuals to adapt to environmental changes throughout their lifetime. Enhanced plant acclimation is seen as a promising strategy to mitigate the impact of global warming on crop yields, given the increasing environmental changes and extremes. Chloroplast plays a central role in acclimation responses at the cellular level, acting as both a sensor of environmental change and a target for cellular acclimation responses.
Review
Immunology
Hazel Morrison, Helen McShane
Summary: TB is a lung disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis entering the body through the respiratory tract. Research suggests that immunological biomarkers detected from respiratory samples may more accurately reflect disease activity and play a crucial role in the development of TB vaccines.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
S. Renet, M. -C. Chaumais, M. Gallant-Dewavrin, E. Jouet, Y. Bezie, M. Humbert, A. Rieutord, O. Las Vergnas
Summary: This study aimed to explore the role of pharmacists in patient education and counseling, describing the perception of knowledge exchange (KE) between asthma/pulmonary arterial hypertension patients and pharmacists (hospital/community) based on the 4C typology: cure (C1), care (C2), coordination/supply chain (C3), and characteristics of the pathophysiology/disease mechanisms (C4). The results showed that KE was correlated with pathology, disease severity, disease duration, age, and hospital/community pharmacist. Patients expected pharmacists to provide care and coordination/supply chain services. The 4C typology provides a holistic framework for optimizing the pharmacists' role in education and counseling of patients with chronic diseases.
ANNALES PHARMACEUTIQUES FRANCAISES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
G. Simonneau, X. Jais, P. Brenot, C. G. Alonso, M. Jevnikar, E. Fadel, O. Mercier, D. Montani, M. Humbert
Summary: Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a rare complication of a common disease. The occlusion of pulmonary arteries by fibrotic material, combined with microvasculopathy, leads to increased pulmonary vascular resistance and progressive right heart failure. The prognosis of this disease has significantly improved with the availability of various treatment modalities.
BULLETIN DE L ACADEMIE NATIONALE DE MEDECINE
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Luke S. Howard, Stephan Rosenkranz, Robert P. Frantz, Anna R. Hemnes, Thomas P. Fister, Shu-Fang Hsu Schmitz, Hall Skara, Marc Humbert, Ioana R. Preston
Summary: The study investigated the changes in daily life physical activity (DLPA) in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) patients receiving selexipag or placebo using actigraphy. The results showed no statistically significant differences in NSPA, MVPA, and daily steps between the treatment and placebo groups. This study provides high-quality actigraphy data and insights into DLPA in PAH, which may guide future research design.
Article
Respiratory System
Marc Humbert, Gabor Kovacs, Marius M. Hoeper, Roberto Badagliacca, Rolf M. F. Berger, Margarita Brida, Jorn Carlsen, Andrew J. S. Coats, Pilar Escribano-Subias, Pisana Ferrari, Diogenes S. Ferreira, Hossein Ardeschir Ghofrani, George Giannakoulas, David G. Kiely, Eckhard Mayer, Gergely Meszaros, Blin Nagavci, Karen M. Olsson, Joanna Pepke-Zaba, Jennifer K. Quint, Goran Radegran, Gerald Simonneau, Olivier Sitbon, Thomy Tonia, Mark Toshner, Jean Luc Vachiery, Anton Vonk Noordegraaf, Marion Delcroix, Stephan Rosenkranz
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
D. Montani, E-M Jutant, G. Simonneau, M. Humbert
Summary: The 2022 guidelines from the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Respiratory Society (ERS) propose a new definition of pulmonary hypertension (PH) based on hemodynamics, lowering the threshold of mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) to 20 mmHg. They also introduce a new clinical classification of PH, integrating new data from the literature and dividing it into five groups based on distinct mechanisms.
BULLETIN DE L ACADEMIE NATIONALE DE MEDECINE
(2023)
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
M. Humbert
BULLETIN DE L ACADEMIE NATIONALE DE MEDECINE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Stephan Rosenkranz, Marion Delcroix, George Giannakoulas, Marius M. Hoeper, Gabor Kovacs, Marc Humbert
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Athenais Boucly, Ly Tu, Christophe Guignabert, Christopher Rhodes, Pascal De Groote, Gregoire Prevot, Emmanuel Bergot, Arnaud Bourdin, Antoine Beurnier, Anne Roche, Mitja Jevnikar, Xavier Jais, David Montani, Martin R. Wilkins, Marc Humbert, Olivier Sitbon, Laurent Savale
Summary: In this study, a three-biomarker panel consisting of beta-NGF, CXCL9, and TRAIL in serum was identified to be independently associated with prognosis in patients with PAH. These biomarkers showed stronger prognostic value for survival compared to conventional non-invasive variables such as NYHA Functional Class, 6-min walk distance, and BNP/NT-proBNP. The results were validated in an independent external validation cohort.
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Helene Le Ribeuz, Bastien Masson, Mary Dutheil, Angele Boet, Antoine Beauvais, Jessica Sabourin, Vincent Thomas De Montpreville, Veronique Capuano, Olaf Mercier, Marc Humbert, David Montani, Fabrice Antigny
Summary: This study investigates the role of the ATP-sensitive K+ channels (KATP) regulatory subunit (ABCC9) in the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The study shows that activation of the SUR2/Kir6.1 channel reduces the development of PAH in experimental models, indicating that SUR2 activation could be a potential therapeutic target for PAH.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Marius M. Hoeper, David B. Badesch, H. Ardeschir Ghofrani, J. Simon R. Gibbs, Mardi Gomberg-Maitland, Vallerie V. McLaughlin, Ioana R. Preston, Rogerio Souza, Aaron B. Waxman, Ekkehard Gruenig, Grzegorz Kopec, Gisela Meyer, Karen M. Olsson, Stephan Rosenkranz, Yayun Xu, Barry Miller, Marcie Fowler, John Butler, Joerg Koglin, Janethe de Oliveira Pena, Marc Humbert
Summary: This study confirms that in patients with stable background therapy, sotatercept can significantly improve the exercise capacity of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension compared to placebo.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Respiratory System
Marlies Wijsenbeek, Marc Humbert, Thomas Wagner, Michael Kreuter
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY REVIEW
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Jerome Le Pavec, Christophe Pison, Sandrine Hirschi, Vincent Bunel, Pierre Mordant, Olivier Brugiere, Morgan Le Guen, Anne Olland, Benjamin Coiffard, Benjamin Renaud-Picard, Adrien Tissot, Geoffrey Brioude, Raphael Borie, Bruno Crestani, Gaetan Deslee, Sandrine Stelianides, Herve Mal, Armelle Schuller, Loic Falque, Gwenaelle Lorillon, Abdellatif Tazi, Pierre Regis Burgel, Dominique Grenet, Sandra De Miranda, Anne Bergeron, David Launay, Vincent Cottin, Hilario Nunes, Dominique Valeyre, Yurdagul Uzunhan, Gregoire Prevot, Olivier Sitbon, David Montani, Laurent Savale, Marc Humbert, Elie Fadel, Olaf Mercier, Jean Francois Mornex, Gaelle Dauriat, Martine Reynaud-Gaubert
Summary: Lung transplantation is a rapidly evolving field that has made significant advancements in improving donor and recipient selection, addressing surgical challenges, perioperative care, and long-term complications. To assist pulmonologists in managing end-stage respiratory insufficiency, determining eligibility for lung transplantation, and referring patients to transplant centers, the Francophone Pulmonology Society has established a task force to develop comprehensive guidelines based on the latest literature and evaluation of risk factors for patient survival after transplantation.
RESPIRATORY MEDICINE AND RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Antoine Beurnier, Laurent Savale, Xavier Jais, Romain Colle, Tai Pham, Luc Morin, Sophie Bulifon, Nicolas Noel, Athenais Boucly, Benoit Delbarre, Nathan Ebstein, Samy Figueiredo, Matthieu Gasnier, Anatole Harrois, Etienne-Marie Jutant, Mitja Jevnikar, Sophia Keddache, Anne-Lise Lecoq, Olivier Meyrignac, Florence Parent, Jeremie Pichon, Mariana Preda, Anne Roche, Andrei Seferian, Marie-France Bellin, Thomas Gille, Emmanuelle Corruble, Olivier Sitbon, Laurent Becquemont, Xavier Monnet, Marc Humbert, David Montani
Summary: This study found that functional respiratory complaints are common in post-COVID-19 individuals, especially among those with unexplained dyspnoea. These complaints are associated with the severity of dyspnoea, quality of life, and psychological symptoms.
Review
Respiratory System
David Montani, Fabrice Antigny, Etienne-Marie Jutant, Marie-Camille Chaumais, Helene Le Ribeuz, Julien Grynblat, Charles Khouri, Marc Humbert
Summary: The ATP-sensitive potassium channels and their regulatory subunits, SUR1 and SUR2, have a significant role in the pathophysiology of pulmonary hypertension. Loss-of-function variants in ABCC8 gene, which encodes for SUR1, are associated with heritable pulmonary arterial hypertension, while activation of SUR1 and SUR2 leads to relaxation of pulmonary arteries and reduces cell proliferation and migration. Diazoxide, an activator of SUR1, has shown potential as a therapeutic option for pulmonary hypertension. However, there are contradictory reports of diazoxide-induced pulmonary hypertension in infants.
Article
Respiratory System
Jonathan Corren, Constance H. Katelaris, Mario Castro, Jorge F. Maspero, Marc Humbert, David M. G. Halpin, Arman Altincatal, Nami Pandit-Abid, Xavier Soler, Amr Radwan, Juby A. Jacob-Nara, Yamo Deniz, Paul J. Rowe
Summary: For patients with uncontrolled, moderate-to-severe asthma and elevation of at least one type 2 biomarker, long-term treatment with dupilumab can lead to sustained reduction in exacerbation rates and improvements in lung function and asthma control, regardless of exacerbation history.