Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Anna Zalewska, Monika Galczyk, Aneta Mierzejewska
Summary: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of fatigue and level of physical activity among Poles living in Poland and the UK during the further year of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as investigate the relationship between fatigue and physical activity. The findings showed a low level of fatigue and relatively high level of physical activity. There were few differences in fatigue between Polish residents in Poland and the UK.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Carmine Izzo, Annunziata Monica, Giuseppe De Matteis, Sebastiana De Biasi, Anna De Chiara, Antonio Maria Pagano, Eleonora Mezzetti, Fabio Del Duca, Alice Chiara Manetti, Raffaele La Russa, Marco Di Paolo, Aniello Maiese
Summary: This study conducted a cross-sectional study in three Southern Italian prisons to determine the prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among inmates. The results showed that the prevalence of LTBI was 4.2%. The study confirmed that incarceration increases the risk of tuberculous infection, and non-EU nationality and a history of drug addiction were identified as major risk factors in the prison setting.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Alex J. Warr, Christine Anterasian, Javeed A. Shah, Stephen C. De Rosa, Felicia K. Nguyen, Elizabeth Maleche-Obimbo, Lisa M. Cranmer, Daniel Matemo, Jerphason Mecha, John Kinuthia, Sylvia M. LaCourse, Grace C. John-Stewart, Thomas R. Hawn
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between immune cell responses after BCG vaccination and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection in HIV-exposed but uninfected infants, as well as their impact on tuberculin skin test (TST) induration. The results show that a monofunctional TNF+ CD4+ effector memory T-cell response at 6-10 weeks of age is associated with Mtb infection at 14 months, while mycobacterial antigen-specific polyfunctional effector memory Th1 responses at 6-10 weeks correlate positively with TST induration in infants without evidence of Mtb infection, which is attenuated by INH therapy.
Review
Immunology
Edgar Ortiz-Brizuela, Lika Apriani, Tania Mukherjee, Sophie Lachapelle-Chisholm, Michele Miedy, Zhiyi Lan, Alexei Korobitsyn, Nazir Ismail, Dick Menzies
Summary: This study compared the diagnostic performance of 6 new interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) with WHO-endorsed tests for tuberculosis infection. The results showed that QFT-Plus and TB-IGRA have very similar sensitivity and specificity as WHO-approved IGRAs. Limited studies have assessed other new tests.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Javier Ortega, Lucia de Juan, Iker A. Sevilla, Joseba M. Garrido, Alvaro Roy, Carlos Velasco, Beatriz Romero, Mercedes Dominguez, Bernat Perez de Val, Carolina Nebot, Jose Luis Saez-Llorente, Julio Alvarez, Javier Bezos
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of fraudulent use of dexamethasone and ketoprofen on the performance of TB diagnostic techniques in goats, and investigated the suitability of HPLC for detecting these substances in hair samples. The results showed that the number of positive reactors in the SIT test was significantly lower in the dexamethasone and ketoprofen groups, while a higher number of positive IGRA reactors was detected in the dexamethasone group. However, detecting dexamethasone and ketoprofen in either hair or serum samples using HPLC was challenging when the skin fold thickness (SFT) was reduced.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Yijun He, Xuefang Cao, Tonglei Guo, Yongpeng He, Ying Du, Haoran Zhang, Boxuan Feng, Jiang Du, Bin Zhang, Kun Wang, Jiaoxia Yan, Dakuan Wang, Zisen Liu, Shouguo Pan, Henan Xin, Lei Gao
Summary: Diabetes mellitus patients with latent tuberculosis infection have an increased risk of developing active tuberculosis. The performance of immune response-based assays for identification of tuberculosis infection in patients with type 2 diabetes in China has been rarely evaluated. This study found that C-TST showed higher consistency with IGRA compared to TST in patients with type 2 diabetes.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Respiratory System
Sofia Zavala, Kathryn Winglee, Christine S. Ho, April C. Pettit, Amina Ahmed, Dolly J. Katz, Robert W. Belknap, Jason E. Stout
Summary: Detecting latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is crucial for tuberculosis elimination in low-incidence countries. The interferon-gamma release assays are more predictive than the tuberculin skin test in individuals at high risk of LTBI.
ANNALS OF THE AMERICAN THORACIC SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Zhaowen Zang, Min Hu, Yueyue Yan, Yaxin Su, Junhao Yan, Zi-Jiang Chen, Yan Li
Summary: For infertile women undergoing IVF/ICSI-ET without prior tuberculosis or active tuberculosis, positive TST results and preventive anti-tuberculosis treatments prior to IVF/ICSI-ET do not affect pregnancy or neonatal outcomes.
REPRODUCTIVE BIOMEDICINE ONLINE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Akiko Kamimura, Shannon Weaver, Kai Sin, Mu Pye, Samin Panahi
Summary: The study found that older refugees are more likely to experience financial stress and homesickness; individuals with poorer self-rated health and fewer somatic symptoms are more likely to feel homesickness and language barriers; higher educational attainment is associated with higher levels of financial stress.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Robert Kakaire, Noah Kiwanuka, Sarah Zalwango, Juliet N. Sekandi, Trang Ho Thu Quach, Maria Eugenia Castellanos, Frederick Quinn, Christopher C. Whalen
Summary: Although households of tuberculosis cases are a key setting for tuberculosis transmission, household exposure only accounts for a small fraction of community transmission. Most first-degree social network members of TB cases do not have additional risk for infection and appear to acquire infection through exposure to infectious cases in the community.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Respiratory System
Joao Almeida Santos, Raquel Duarte, Carla Nunes
Summary: This study aims to explore the agreement between interferon-gamma release assays (IGRA) and tuberculin skin test (TST), and the results show that there is a low level of agreement between the two tests in patients with active tuberculosis. Therefore, using both methods simultaneously can improve the detection of latent tuberculosis infection.
CLINICAL RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Peng Lu, Qiao Liu, Yang Zhou, Leonardo Martinez, Wen Kong, Xiaoyan Ding, Hong Peng, Tao Zhu, Limei Zhu, Wei Lu
Summary: In this study conducted in a medium tuberculosis burden setting, there was fair agreement between tuberculin skin test (TST) and QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-tube (QFT) overall. Participants with QFT(+) and TST(+)QFT(+) results were more likely to progress to tuberculosis compared to those with TST(-)QFT(-) results.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Sociology
Amy Hsin, Sofya Aptekar
Summary: This study examines undocumented Chinese migrants in the US and how restrictive immigration policies and the asylum regime impact their experiences of illegality, highlighting the legal violence they face and the challenges they encounter in seeking legal remedies.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Paulo Alex Machado Carneiro, Eliomar de Moura Sousa, Rinaldo Batista Viana, Bruno Moura Monteiro, Aline do Socorro Lima Kzam, Damazio Campos de Souza, Anderson Silva Coelho, Jose Dantas Ribeiro Filho, Ricardo Spacagna Jordao, Maria Regina Madruga Tavares, John B. Kaneene
Summary: The study found that the ELISA IDEXX TM may serve as a supplemental test for detecting Mycobacterium bovis infection in regions without routine testing and slaughter, where the disease tends to progress to more advanced stages and antibody responses are likely to be more prevalent. Evidence supported the validation of the ELISA IDEXX (TM) as a supplemental test for bTB eradication programs.
BMC VETERINARY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Demography
Alexander Kustov
Summary: This study examines opposition to emigration, comparing it with opposition to immigration. The findings show that there is high opposition to both emigration and immigration in many countries. Furthermore, individual attitudes towards emigration and immigration are correlated, suggesting that many people have a general aversion to human mobility between countries, rather than specifically against immigration or emigration.
JOURNAL OF ETHNIC AND MIGRATION STUDIES
(2022)