Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
James M. Seckler, Paulina M. Getsy, Walter J. May, Benjamin Gaston, Santhosh M. Baby, Tristan H. J. Lewis, James N. Bates, Stephen J. Lewis
Summary: This study provides pharmacological evidence that hypoxia triggers the release of S-nitroso-L-cysteine (L-CSNO) from carotid body glomus cells (PGCs) in rats, which activates chemosensory afferents and elicits the hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR). The study also shows that PGCs contain L-CSNO and release it in a Ca2+-dependent manner in response to hypoxic challenge. The findings suggest the involvement of S-nitrosothiols in mediating the HVR.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Mar Guasp, Josep Dalmau
Summary: In recent years, there have been numerous reports on individual symptoms of autoimmune encephalitis (AE) in neurology and psychiatry journals. However, the presence of antibodies in psychiatric diseases has not defined any specific disorder or affected the diagnosis and treatment of patients. These studies often lack rigorous investigations and fail to address the clinical significance and limitations of antibody testing techniques. Clinical judgment is emphasized as important in interpreting antibody findings.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Amany Tawfik, Riyaz Mohamed, Dina Kira, Suhib Alhusban, Mohamed Al-Shabrawey
Summary: Elevated levels of homocysteine (Hcy) known as hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) are associated with diabetic retinopathy (DR) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). This study suggests that HHcy alters blood-retinal barrier (BRB) by activating N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR). Inhibition or elimination of NMDAR can potentially improve retinal hyperpermeability and morphology under HHcy.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE-JMM
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Nolan T. Carew, Heidi M. Schmidt, Shuai Yuan, Joseph C. Galley, Robert Hall, Helene M. Altmann, Scott A. Hahn, Megan P. Miller, Katherine C. Wood, Bethann Gabris, Margaret C. Stapleton, Sean Hartwick, Marco Fazzari, Yijen L. Wu, Mohamed Trebak, Brett A. Kaufman, Charles F. McTiernan, Francisco J. Schopfer, Placido Navas, Patrick H. Thibodeau, Dennis M. McNamara, Guy Salama, Adam C. Straub
Summary: This study reveals the crucial role of cytochrome b5 reductase 3 (CYB5R3) in cardiomyocyte redox biology and identifies a common genetic variant that may increase the risk of death in Black patients with heart failure.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yara A. Samra, Dina Kira, Pragya Rajpurohit, Riyaz Mohamed, Leah A. Owen, Akbar Shakoor, Ivana K. Kim, Margaret M. DeAngelis, Nader Sheibani, Mohamed Al-Shabrawey, Amany Tawfik
Summary: The study suggests that the activation of NMDAR in the retina pigment epithelium may be a mechanism for AMD induced by HHcy. Inhibition of NMDAR could be a promising therapeutic target for AMD, as knocking down RPE NMDAR improved retinal structure and CNV in mice with AMD-like features induced by HHcy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Jinting He, Kaili Chen, Yujie Sui, Qiwei Yang
Summary: In this study, we investigated the changes in proteome, transcriptome, and lncRNA expression profiles in neuronal cells under conditions of NMDAR hypofunction and H/R injury. We found significant downregulation of proteins Rps9, Rpl18, and Rpl15, as well as lncRNAs XLOC_161072 and XLOC_065271 after NMDAR knockdown but upregulation after H/R. Conversely, mRNAs Bank1 and Pcp4l1, as well as lncRNAs XLOC_159404 and XLOC_031922, were significantly upregulated after NMDAR knockdown but downregulated after H/R. Our findings highlight the importance of further investigating the roles of these molecules in neurons lacking NMDAR and subjected to H/R injury. Additionally, we demonstrate that lncRNAs exhibit the fastest response to hypoxic stimulation and suggest that Gapdh is not a suitable reference protein for NMDAR-reduced neuron-related experiments.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Fanshi Zhang, Mei Liu, Jinmei Tuo, Li Zhang, Jun Zhang, Changyin Yu, Zucai Xu
Summary: This article reviews how neuroinflammation mediates the development of levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) through the regulation of NMDA receptors. It also evaluates the potential of common anti-inflammatory drugs and NMDA receptor antagonists to mitigate the development of LID by regulating central neuroinflammation, providing a new theoretical basis for finding new therapeutic targets for LID.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Aeseul Kim, Sun Mi Gu, Haemiru Lee, Dong Eun Kim, Jin Tae Hong, Jaesuk Yun, Hye Jin Cha
Summary: This study found that exposure to Ketamine and NMDA receptor antagonists during pregnancy can lead to psychosis-like behaviors in offspring, such as hyperlocomotion and reduced prepulse inhibition. Additionally, it was discovered that these drugs can increase the expression levels of Avpr1a in the striatum, and overexpression of Avpr1a inhibits PPI. Furthermore, the study showed that Ketamine and methoxetamine treatment can increase GAD67 and GABA levels in the striatum of offspring, causing GABAergic neuronal dysfunction and abnormalities in sensorimotor gating.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Jakob Theorell, Melanie Ramberger, Ruby Harrison, Victor Mgbachi, Leslie Jacobson, Patrick Waters, Sophie Erhardt, Carl M. Sellgren, Simon Cervenka, Fredrik Piehl, Sarosh R. Irani
Summary: Autoimmune encephalitis, especially in patients with NMDAR antibodies, may present with prominent psychosis and respond well to immunotherapies. However, the study found that formes frustes of autoimmune encephalitis are not prevalent among first-episode psychosis patients, and does not support screening for neuronal surface autoantibodies in unselected psychotic patients.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tuo Ji, Zhi Huang, Yajun Lian, Chengze Wang, Qiaoman Zhang
Summary: This study investigated the role of free triiodothyronine (FT3) in patients with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis. The findings suggest that low FT3 levels upon admission may be associated with more severe disease progression and poorer outcomes in these patients. Monitoring FT3 levels could potentially aid in clinical prediction and decision-making in the treatment of anti-NMDAR encephalitis.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Syed Kashif Zaidi, Md Nasrul Hoda, Shams Tabrez, Mohammad Imran Khan
Summary: The restoration of cerebral blood flow (CBF) through remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) is a primary treatment for ischemic stroke. However, NOS3 dysfunction and diabetes may neutralize the benefits of RIC therapy in stroke, but can be turned protective in combination with GSNOR inhibitor (GRI). Our findings support the future clinical trial of RIC in comorbid stroke.
Article
Cell Biology
Sara C. Sebag, Zeyuan Zhang, Qingwen Qian, Mark Li, Zhiyong Zhu, Mikako Harata, Wenxian Li, Leonid V. Zingman, Limin Liu, Vitor A. Lira, Matthew J. Potthoff, Alexander Bartelt, Ling Yang
Summary: Brown adipose tissue thermogenic activity is regulated by protein S-nitrosylation, mediated by GSNOR. Loss of ADH5 impairs thermogenesis in BAT and worsens obesity-associated metabolic dysfunction. The study suggests that ADH5 controls BAT nitroso-redox homeostasis to regulate adipose thermogenesis.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bright Starling Emerald, Sahar Mohsin, Crystal D'Souza, Annie John, Hussain El-Hasasna, Shreesh Ojha, Haider Raza, Basel Al-Ramadi, Ernest Adeghate
Summary: Nitric oxide is involved in the development of diabetes, with neuronal nitric oxide synthase playing a role in the pancreatic beta cell metabolism. However, nNOS disappears quickly in pancreatic beta cells while increasing in pancreatic nerves during the early stages of diabetes. Oxidative stress, measured by ROS and TBARS, is increased in the early stages of diabetes but decreases over time.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Xiao-Ting Huang, Jun-Xiao Yang, Zun Wang, Chen-Yu Zhang, Zi-Qiang Luo, Wei Liu, Si-Yuan Tang
Summary: The study highlights the role of the glutamate/NMDAR axis in obesity-related metabolic syndrome, with evidence showing that targeting NMDAR can be a promising therapeutic strategy. In obese mice, increased glutamate levels and blockade of NMDAR by Memantine improved insulin sensitivity and reduced hepatic steatosis, while NMDA treatment induced obesity and metabolic disorders. In vitro studies demonstrated that NMDAR activation promoted lipid accumulation and impaired fatty acid oxidation through PPARa signaling, suggesting a potential mechanism for NMDAR-mediated metabolic syndrome in obesity.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Stefan Macher, Tobias Zrzavy, Romana Hoeftberger, Patrick Altmann, Ekatarina Pataraia, Fritz Zimprich, Thomas Berger, Paulus Rommer
Summary: CSF-NfL levels in anti-NMDARE patients do not predict short-term outcomes, but are associated with ICU stay and extreme delta brushes. High CSF-NfL levels are associated with long-term outcomes, suggesting early aggressive immunotherapy to prevent neuroaxonal damage.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)