Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Jinya Sato, Yoji Hirano, Noriaki Hirakawa, Junichi Takahashi, Naoya Oribe, Hironori Kuga, Itta Nakamura, Shogo Hirano, Takefumi Ueno, Osamu Togao, Akio Hiwatashi, Tomohiro Nakao, Toshiaki Onitsuka
Summary: This study used high-resolution MRI to measure hippocampal volumes in healthy individuals, schizophrenia patients, and bipolar disorder patients, finding significant differences in right hippocampal volume among the groups and lower left hippocampal volume in schizophrenia patients. Volumes of the amygdalae, Heschl's gyrus, and planum temporale did not differ significantly among the three groups.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Xujun Duan, Changchun He, Jianjun Ou, Runshi Wang, Jinming Xiao, Lei Li, Renrong Wu, Yan Zhang, Jingping Zhao, Huafu Chen
Summary: This study revealed reduced hippocampal volume in patients with adolescent-onset schizophrenia compared to controls, and the hippocampal volume was positively correlated with verbal memory and negatively correlated with negative symptoms. Verbal memory impairment was identified as a mediator influencing the relationship between hippocampal morphometry and negative symptoms, especially in the dimension of deficits in emotional expression.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
AmirHussein Abdolalizadeh, Kamyar Moradi, Mohammad Amin Dabbagh Ohadi, Fatemeh Sadat Mirfazeli, Reza Rajimehr
Summary: Conduct Disorder (CD), characterized by aggressive and antisocial behavior in childhood, is a risk factor for the development of antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) in adulthood. This study found that healthy young adults with a history of CD still exhibit some antisocial-like behavior and have larger left hippocampal subfields. The larger left hippocampal subfield volumes may play a protective role against the conversion from CD to ASPD.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kazutaka Ohi, Kiyotaka Nemoto, Yuzuru Kataoka, Shunsuke Sugiyama, Yukimasa Muto, Toshiki Shioiri, Yasuhiro Kawasaki
Summary: The study found that schizophrenia patients have reduced hippocampal volumes, while unaffected first-degree relatives do not show significant changes. Specifically, there are alterations in specific hippocampal subfields among schizophrenia patients, suggesting that these changes may be stable phenomena at the onset of the illness.
PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Bochao Danae Lin, Jentien M. Vermeulen, K. Bolhuis, Xiao Chang, Frederike Schirmbeck, Kristel R. van Eijk, Sinan Guloksuz, Matthijs Blankers, W. van den Brink, Lieuwe de Haan, Jurjen J. Luykx
Summary: In this six-year prospective cohort study, researchers investigated the relationship between smoking behavior polygenic scores (PRS) and psychosis. They found that smoking initiation and age at regular smoking initiation were associated with various symptom dimensions of schizophrenia. However, these associations were only observed in unaffected siblings and healthy controls, not in patients. The findings suggest that other genetic risk factors may play a dominant role in patients.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Emma Corley, Saahithh Redddi Patlola, Aodan Laighneach, Aiden Corvin, Ross McManus, Marcus Kenyon, John P. Kelly, Declan P. Mckernan, Sinead King, Brian Hallahan, Colm Mcdonald, Derek W. Morris, Gary Donohoe
Summary: Recent studies have found a negative association between childhood trauma and cognitive functioning in patients with schizophrenia. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that physical neglect is associated with cognitive ability, and that this association is mediated by inflammatory response and moderated by genetic risk for schizophrenia. The results showed that inflammatory response mediated the association between physical neglect and cognitive functioning, and genetic risk for schizophrenia moderated the direct pathway between physical neglect and non-social cognitive functioning.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Psychiatry
Zongchang Li, Xiaogang Chen
Summary: Using large-scale genome-wide association studies data, this study identified genetic variants that are shared by schizophrenia and hippocampal volume. Functional annotation analysis suggested that these shared genetic variants play a significant role in regulating gene expression. Expression pattern analyses revealed spatiotemporal and cell-specific expression patterns of candidate genes during human brain development. These findings provide deeper insights into the genetic mechanisms underlying hippocampus and schizophrenia risk.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Juyoun Yu, Kyung-Sook Bang, Hyoung Jin Kang
Summary: This study developed a stress scale for siblings of childhood cancer patients (SCCP) and confirmed its validity and reliability through rigorous testing. The scale was found to be effective in assessing stress levels in SCCPs, with criteria validity confirmed and reliability evaluated using various statistical measures.
Article
Psychiatry
Robin Michael Van Eck, Judith van Velden, Astrid Vellinga, Lian van der Krieke, Stynke Castelein, Lieuwe de Haan, Frederike Schirmbeck, Therese van Amelsvoort, Agna A. Bartels-Velthuis, Richard Bruggeman, Wiepke Cahn, Claudia J. P. Simons, Jim van Os
Summary: Personal recovery involves elements of hope, meaning, and self-rebuilding, which are universally experienced by individuals transcending illness. The study aimed to explore whether the factors associated with personal recovery are similar in patients with non-affective psychosis, unaffected siblings, and healthy controls. The results showed that positive self-image and pro-active action-taking were significant predictors of personal recovery across all groups. Social functioning played a significant role in patients and siblings, while depressive symptoms impacted personal recovery in patients and siblings, and positive symptoms only in siblings.
SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Justine de With, Nikie Korver-Nieberg, Lieuwe de Haan, Frederike Schirmbeck
Summary: This study explores the associations between attachment style and social functioning in patients with psychotic disorders. The results show that insecure attachment has a negative correlation with social functioning in patients, siblings, and controls. These findings highlight the importance of considering attachment style in the treatment of psychotic disorders and those at risk for psychosis.
SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Hatice Kaya, Batuhan Ayik, Rumeysa Tasdelen, Neslihan Sevimli, Erhan Ertekin
Summary: This study aims to investigate the potential use of retinal structure as endophenotypes for schizophrenia. The thicknesses of retinal layers were compared between patients with schizophrenia, their unaffected siblings, and healthy controls. The results showed that the ganglion cell layer (GCL)+inner plexiform layer (IPL) thicknesses were thinner in patients compared to controls. However, there was no correlation between retinal thickness and clinical parameters, except for some correlations between retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and clinical features in the patient group. Further research is needed to determine the suitability of GCL+IPL as an endophenotype candidate for schizophrenia.
ASIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Rintaro Fujii, Keita Watanabe, Naomichi Okamoto, Tomoya Natsuyama, Hirofumi Tesen, Ryohei Igata, Yuki Konishi, Atsuko Ikenouchi, Shingo Kakeda, Reiji Yoshimura
Summary: This study aimed to explore the relationship between hippocampal subfield volumes and plasma levels of BDNF in first-episode major depression patients. The results showed that there were no differences in total hippocampal volume between the patient group and the control group. However, specific subfields in the patient group, such as the HATA and several regions on the right side, were significantly smaller compared to the control group. Furthermore, the study found different correlations between hippocampal volume and plasma BDNF concentrations in the patient and control groups. These findings suggest that certain hippocampal subfields may already be atrophic at the onset of major depression, and the sensitivity of certain regions to BDNF may differ between the two groups.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Alison C. Leslie, Michael O'Sullivan
Summary: Childhood-onset schizophrenia is a rare and severe form of schizophrenia that shares phenotypic features and genetic etiology with Autism spectrum disorder. There is increasing research on the co-occurrence of psychomotor syndromes like catatonia with neurodevelopmental disorders like ASD or psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia. The 'Iron Triangle' theory suggests a single underlying pathology resulting in a unique mixed form of catatonia, autism, and psychosis. This case highlights the overlapping diagnostic features of these disorders and the need for further study.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Karolina Rokita, Maria R. Dauvermann, David Mothersill, Laurena Holleran, Paridhi Bhatnagar, Aine McNicholas, Declan McKernan, Derek W. Morris, John Kelly, Brian Hallahan, Colm McDonald, Gary Donohoe
Summary: While chronic stress exposure significantly affects cognition, acute stress reactivity does not. Although childhood trauma exposure is associated with higher stress reactivity and poorer cognitive function, it does not moderate the relationship between stress reactivity and cognition. Diagnosis also does not moderate this relationship.
SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Mengqing Xia, Yingchan Wang, Wenjun Su, Yingying Tang, Tianhong Zhang, Huiru Cui, Yanyan Wei, Xiaochen Tang, Lihua Xu, Hao Hu, Qian Guo, Zhenying Qian, Xuming Wu, Chunbo Li, Jijun Wang
Summary: This study explores the interaction between age and antipsychotic-induced volumetric changes in the hippocampus and amygdala of first-episode schizophrenia patients undergoing medication treatment. It was found that older patients had smaller baseline hippocampal volumes compared to healthy controls. Additionally, younger patients exhibited greater hippocampal volumetric decreases following treatment.
PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)