Review
Microbiology
Marcia Cardoso, Izabela Ragan, Lindsay Hartson, Raymond P. P. Goodrich
Summary: Emerging infectious disease threats are increasing in frequency due to various societal, political, and geographical pressures. Blood transfusions, although essential in treating medical conditions, pose a potential risk of infectious disease transmission. Proactive pathogen reduction methods, such as the Mirasol PRT system, have been implemented globally to reduce the likelihood of disease transmission via transfusions. This review examines the effectiveness of the Mirasol PRT system in reducing the transmission of emerging threats such as Ebola, SARS-CoV-2, hepatitis E, mpox, and other agents.
Review
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Dayi Zhang, Yunfeng Yang, Miao Li, Yun Lu, Yi Liu, Jingkun Jiang, Ruiping Liu, Jianguo Liu, Xia Huang, Guanghe Li, Jiuhui Qu
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic and concerns about other pandemics have attracted global attention. This review discusses the ecological barrier that affects the transmission of viruses from animals to humans. It explores the key factors influencing this barrier and analyzes the impact of human activities and climate change. The review provides important insights into protecting the ecological barrier and reducing the risks of emerging infectious diseases.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Fei Dang, Qingyu Wang, Xiliang Yan, Yuanye Zhang, Jiachen Yan, Huan Zhong, Dongmei Zhou, Yongming Luo, Yong-Guan Zhu, Baoshan Xing, Yujun Wang
Summary: Nanoplastics have a significant impact on terrestrial plants, with toxicity metrics, plant species, nanoplastic mass concentration and size, exposure time and medium being the key factors. These findings are important for updating risk assessments and evidence-based policy actions.
Review
Ecology
Nafeesa Esmail, Jana M. McPherson, Latoya Abulu, Thora Amend, Ronit Amit, Saloni Bhatia, Dominique Bikaba, Typhenn A. Brichieri-Colombi, Jessica Brown, Victoria Buschman, Michael Fabinyi, Mohammad Farhadinia, Razieh Ghayoumi, Terence Hay-Edie, Vera Horigue, Vainuupo Jungblut, Stacy Jupiter, Aidan Keane, David W. Macdonald, Shauna L. Mahajan, Andrew McVey, Axel Moehrenschlager, Fred Nelson, Meher M. Noshirwani, Yaa Ntiamoa-Baidu, Jose Luis Postigo, Vatosoa Rakotondrazafy, Madhu Rao, Dilys Roe, Jose Antonio Sierra Huelsz, Sue Stolton, Alifereti Tawake, Bonnie Wintle
Summary: Community-based conservation can support livelihoods and biodiversity while preserving local values and cultures. Understanding trends in community-based conservation is important for addressing global challenges like climate change, poverty, and food security. Research on emerging threats and opportunities can guide efforts to strengthen community-based conservation and achieve global environmental and development goals.
TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
David Wibowo, Sytze H. T. Jorritsma, Zennia Jean Gonzaga, Benjamin Evert, Shuxiong Chen, Bernd H. A. Rehm
Summary: Subunit vaccines have advantages in safety and scale-up manufacture compared to live attenuated vaccines, but often sacrifice efficacy. Polymeric nanoparticles have been developed to enhance vaccine potency by incorporating multiple immunological cues to mimic pathogens. Studies show that modulation of the physicochemical properties of nanoparticles can improve vaccine delivery and immune responses.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Weifeng Li, Hsinchun Chen
Summary: This study proposes a novel framework for detecting emerging topics in streams of hacker-generated content. The framework outperforms baseline methods in terms of effectiveness and efficiency and demonstrates its practical utility in a hacker forum with important implications for victim companies and law enforcement.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Mathieu Feraud, Jake W. O'Brien, Saer Samanipour, Pradeep Dewapriya, Denice van Herwerden, Sarit Kaserzon, Ian Wood, Cassandra Rauert, Kevin V. Thomas
Summary: Non-target analysis (NTA) using high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) coupled with liquid chromatography is increasingly employed for identifying biologically relevant chemicals. Interpreting HRMS datasets, which are often recorded in vendor-specific formats, can be challenging due to their large and complex nature. InSpectra is a web-based, open-source platform that offers flexible and extensible NTA workflows for the systematic detection of emerging chemical threats. It provides a reproducible and transparent approach for identifying, tracking, and prioritizing these threats.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mallory Nobles, Ramona Lall, Robert W. Mathes, Daniel B. Neill
Summary: Existing public health surveillance systems are effective at monitoring known illnesses, but there is a need for innovation in detecting rare biothreats. We introduce a data-driven, automated machine learning approach for presyndromic surveillance that learns emerging syndromes and provides personalized decision support.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jennifer A. Luedtke, Janice Chanson, Kelsey Neam, Louise Hobin, Adriano O. Maciel, Alessandro Catenazzi, Amael Borzee, Amir Hamidy, Anchalee Aowphol, Anderson Jean, Angel Sosa-Bartuano, Ansel G. Fong, Anslem de Silva, Antoine Fouquet, Ariadne Angulo, Artem A. Kidov, Arturo Munoz Saravia, Arvin C. Diesmos, Atsushi Tominaga, Biraj Shrestha, Brian Gratwicke, Burhan Tjaturadi, Carlos C. Martinez Rivera, Carlos R. Vasquez Almazan, Celsa Senaris, S. R. Chandramouli, Christine Strussmann, Claudia Fabiola Cortez Fernandez, Claudio Azat, Conrad J. Hoskin, Craig Hilton-Taylor, Damion L. Whyte, David J. Gower, Deanna H. Olson, Diego F. Cisneros-Heredia, Diego Jose Santana, Elizah Nagombi, Elnaz Najafi-Majd, Evan S. H. Quah, Federico Bolanos, Feng Xie, Francisco Brusquetti, Francisco S. Alvarez, Franco Andreone, Frank Glaw, Franklin Enrique Castaneda, Fred Kraus, Gabriela Parra-Olea, Gerardo Chaves, Guido F. Medina-Rangel, Gustavo Gonzalez-Duran, H. Mauricio Ortega-Andrade, Ibere F. Machado, Indraneil Das, Iuri Ribeiro Dias, J. Nicolas Urbina-Cardona, Jelka Crnobrnja-Isailovic, Jian-Huan Yang, Jiang Jianping, Jigme Tshelthrim Wangyal, Jodi J. L. Rowley, John Measey, Karthikeyan Vasudevan, Kin Onn Chan, Kotambylu Vasudeva Gururaja, Kristiina Ovaska, Lauren C. Warr, Luis Canseco-Marquez, Luis Felipe Toledo, Luis M. Diaz, M. Monirul H. Khan, Madhava Meegaskumbura, Manuel E. Acevedo, Marcelo Felgueiras Napoli, Marcos A. Ponce, Marcos Vaira, Margarita Lampo, Mario H. Yanez-Munoz, Mark D. Scherz, Mark-Oliver Rodel, Masafumi Matsui, Maxon Fildor, Mirza D. Kusrini, Mohammad Firoz Ahmed, Muhammad Rais, N'Goran G. Kouame, Nieves Garcia, Nono Legrand Gonwouo, Patricia A. Burrowes, Paul Y. Imbun, Philipp Wagner, Philippe J. R. Kok, Rafael L. Joglar, Renoir J. Auguste, Reuber Albuquerque Brandao, Roberto Ibanez, Rudolf von May, S. Blair Hedges, S. D. Biju, S. R. Ganesh, Sally Wren, Sandeep Das, Sandra V. Flechas, Sara L. Ashpole, Silvia J. Robleto-Hernandez, Simon P. Loader, Sixto J. Inchaustegui, Sonali Garg, Soumphthone Phimmachak, Stephen J. Richards, Tahar Slimani, Tamara Osborne-Naikatini, Tatianne P. F. Abreu-Jardim, Thais H. Condez, Thiago R. De Carvalho, Timothy P. Cutajar, Todd W. Pierson, Truong Q. Nguyen, Ugur Kaya, Zhiyong Yuan, Barney Long, Penny Langhammer, Simon N. Stuart
Summary: The second Global Amphibian Assessment reveals that amphibians, especially salamanders in the Neotropics, are the most threatened vertebrate class, with 40.7% of species globally threatened. The deteriorating status of amphibians is predominantly driven by climate change, disease, and habitat loss.
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Bayissa Chala, Feyissa Hamde
Summary: Vector-borne emerging and re-emerging diseases pose significant public health challenges globally. Interactions among pathogens, hosts, environment, and social demographic factors are key to the emergence and re-emergence of these diseases. Ongoing evolution of pathogens, population growth, urbanization, and climate change are among the factors linked with the appearance and resurgence of vector-borne infectious diseases.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Virology
Suresh Kuchipudi, Deanna Behring, Ruth Nissly, Shubhada K. Chothe, Abhinay Gontu, Abirami Ravichandran, Ty Butler
Summary: The Emerging Animal Infectious Disease Conference (EAIDC) held at Pennsylvania State University brought together world-leading experts in the field to review past experiences dealing with high-consequence animal infectious diseases. The conference emphasized the importance of livestock biosecurity and the need for advanced diagnostics to detect pathogens. It also highlighted the significance of the One Health approach in addressing emerging animal and human infectious diseases.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Fan Wu, Min Gao, Junliang Yu, Zongwei Wang, Kecheng Liu, Xu Wang
Summary: This paper introduces a novel shilling attack model called GOAT, which combines primitive attack methods and upgraded attack ideas, using a generative adversarial network and graph convolution structure to generate fake ratings, balancing feasibility and effectiveness.
INFORMATION SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Carleigh B. Krubiner, Ruth R. Faden, Ruth A. Karron, Margaret O. Little, Anne D. Lyerly, Jon S. Abramson, Richard H. Beigi, Alejandro R. Cravioto, Anna P. Durbin, Bruce G. Gellin, Swati B. Gupta, David C. Kaslow, Sonali Kochhar, Florencia Luna, Carla Saenz, Jeanne S. Sheffield, Paulina O. Tindana
Summary: Zika virus, influenza, and Ebola outbreaks have shed light on the unique impacts on pregnant women and their offspring, highlighting the need for proactive consideration in vaccine research and response efforts. The exclusion of pregnant women in research agendas and vaccine campaigns is unjust and problematic from a public health perspective. To address these issues, new approaches to public health preparedness and vaccine research are necessary.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alice Italia, Mohammed Monsoor Shaik, Francesco Peri
Summary: This review presents and discusses emerging pharmacological strategies that target major virulence factors of antibiotic-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). It is divided into three parts focusing on the cell wall, lipoarabinomannan, and secretory proteins, which play important roles in Mtb pathogenicity. The article provides a comprehensive overview of drugs and drug candidates that target cell walls, envelopes, and secretory systems, and also highlights the molecular understanding of Mtb pathogenesis and potential future directions in therapeutic strategies for combating antibiotic-resistant Mtb infection.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zhaoting Li, Yixin Wang, Yingyue Ding, Lauren Repp, Glen S. Kwon, Quanyin Hu
Summary: Immunotherapy plays a crucial role in treating diseases, but its application is hindered by limited response rates and systemic side effects. Using natural cells as carriers can reduce immunogenicity and toxicity, while controlling their spatiotemporal distribution can enhance treatment efficacy and minimize side effects.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2021)
