Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Si Jin Kwon, Kyung-Won Hong, Silvia Choi, Ji Su Hong, Jung Won Kim, Ju Whi Kim, Hye-Ja Lee, Han Byul Jang, Keun-Sang Yum
Summary: The study found that obesity in children and adolescents with ASD is associated with the cholesterol synthesis pathway. By examining the HMGCR gene polymorphisms, the study identified associations between certain allele subgroups and metabolic traits. Further research is needed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which the HMGCR gene influences metabolic traits.
METABOLIC BRAIN DISEASE
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Seher Sener, Ezgi Deniz Batu, Seher Sari, Muserref Kasap Cuceoglu, Adalet Elcin Yildiz, Beril Talim, Ustun Aydingoz, Seza Ozen, Goknur Haliloglu
Summary: This article reports a case of relapsing refractory anti-HMGCR myopathy in a 17-year-old boy, along with a systematic literature review on the diagnosis and management of this disease in children. The results show that proximal muscle weakness is the most common symptom, and corticosteroids, IVIG, and methotrexate are the preferred treatments. However, only one third of the patients achieve complete remission.
JOURNAL OF NEUROMUSCULAR DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Shengnan Wu, Linghua Shen, Qiong Chen, Chunxiu Gong, Yanling Yang, Haiyan Wei, Bingyan Cao, Yongxing Chen
Summary: This study analyzed the clinical, biochemical, molecular, and outcome features of HMGCS2D in a case series of 10 new Chinese patients and expanded the mutational spectrum of HMGCS2 with 10 novel variants. The c.1201G>T/p.E401* mutation was found to be the most frequent and may be a hot spot mutation in unrelated Chinese patients.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Jiao Ma, Xu Liu, Jiahui Yu, Jinghui Sun
Summary: In this study, it was found that DHAQ can reduce body weight and lipid levels in hyperlipidemic mice fed on a high-fat diet, increase HDL-C levels, and decrease TG and TC levels in the liver by regulating key proteins related to cholesterol metabolism.
PHARMACOGNOSY MAGAZINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anna S. Dickson, Tekle Pauzaite, Esther Arnaiz, Brian M. Ortmann, James A. West, Norbert Volkmar, Anthony W. Martinelli, Zhaoqi Li, Niek Wit, Dennis Vitkup, Arthur Kaser, Paul J. Lehner, James A. Nathan
Summary: Researchers have discovered an oxygen-sensitive pathway that regulates cholesterol synthesis in human cells, which involves the degradation of SREBP2 under hypoxic conditions. This pathway overrides the normal response to sterol levels and is independent of HIF. The degradation of SREBP2 in hypoxia protects cells from statin-induced cell death and leads to a dependence on exogenous cholesterol uptake, shedding light on the auxotrophic nature of many solid organ tumors for cholesterol.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Toluwase Hezekiah Fatoki
Summary: In this study, the effect of changing pH on the structural dynamics and binding affinity of HMGCR was investigated. The results indicate that pH 8.0 is optimal for the structural stability and activity of HMGCR. Furthermore, the study reveals the insightful relationships between pH, structural dynamics parameters, and binding affinity.
JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE & DYNAMICS
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Youngah Jo, Russell A. DeBose-Boyd
Summary: This article focuses on the feedback control mechanism of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) involving sterol-induced ubiquitination and endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) augmented by geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGpp). It also discusses how GGpp-regulated intracellular trafficking of UBIAD1 inhibits HMGCR ERAD to balance the synthesis of sterol and nonsterol isoprenoids. The characterization of various mouse models establishes that sterol-accelerated, UBIAD1-modulated ERAD plays a major role in the regulation of HMGCR and cholesterol metabolism in vivo.
COLD SPRING HARBOR PERSPECTIVES IN BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Anton Nilsson, Kleoniki Tsoumani, Tereza Planck
Summary: This study suggests that in newly diagnosed GD patients, treatment with statins may protect against the development of GO. The main results were largely driven by men, with women showing weaker effects. Other lipid-lowering agents did not exhibit a similar protective effect.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Natalia Piekus-Slomka, Lavinia Patricia Mocan, Rezarta Shkreli, Cristiana Grapa, Kinga Denkiewicz, Oliwia Wesolowska, Miroslaw Kornek, Zeno Sparchez, Artur Slomka, Rares Craciun, Tudor Mocan
Summary: Statins, originally developed for cardiovascular diseases, have been shown to have potential use in treating liver cancer, one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
N. Radyukhina, N. Yu Ruleva, A. Yu Filatova, T. Aref'eva
Summary: Statins have an impact on the functional activity of CD4(+) T lymphocytes, including inhibiting cell proliferation and regulating the expression of active caspase-3. Lipophilic atorvastatin shows cellular effects at lower concentrations compared to hydrophilic rosuvastatin.
BULLETIN OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Claudia Tonini, Marco Segatto, Simona Bertoli, Alessandro Leone, Arianna Mazzoli, Luisa Cigliano, Laura Barberio, Maurizio Mandala, Valentina Pallottini
Summary: This study found that maternal exposure to BPA affects hepatic lipid metabolism in female offspring, and it also reveals the potential impact of BPA on human health at doses currently considered safe.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuxiang Liu, Tao Wang, Yunfeng Cui, Shengxian Gao, Yi Rao
Summary: This study identified a novel kinase MST3 and its family members capable of phosphorylating and activating AMPK and SIK3.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Shiyuan Xie, Zaihong Lin, Guangping Zhang, Shu Du, Yan Jiang, Jing Liu, Tuantuan Chen, Zenghui Fu, Huili Yu, Yulei Yang, Yan Jin
Summary: This study found that miR-122 targeting HMGCR plays an important role in the regulation of blood lipids. Inhibition of miR-122 can reduce the expression of HMGCR, decrease blood lipids, and reduce neuronal apoptosis in cerebral infarction.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL REGULATORS AND HOMEOSTATIC AGENTS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shuai Wang, Yumei Feng, Yin Lou, Jingping Niu, Congcong Yin, Jinzhong Zhao, Weijun Du, Aiqin Yue
Summary: Isoprenoids, a large group of plant natural products, are synthesized via the mevalonate (MVA) pathway and the 2-C-methyl-d-erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway. In soybean, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGR) is encoded by eight isogenes (GmHMGR1-GmHMGR8) and plays a crucial role in soybean development and isoprenoid biosynthesis. Inhibiting GmHMGR gene expression in soybean and overexpressing GmHMGR4 and GmHMGR6 genes in Arabidopsis thaliana resulted in alterations in growth and product content, highlighting the importance of GmHMGR1-GmHMGR8 in soybean development and isoprenoid biosynthesis.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Robert Krysiak, Marcin Basiak, Boguslaw Okopien
Summary: Men with early-onset androgenic alopecia have hormonal profiles similar to women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Rosuvastatin treatment affects cardiometabolic risk factors differently in these men compared to those with normal hair growth. The impact of rosuvastatin treatment correlates with insulin sensitivity and sex hormones in men with early-onset androgenic alopecia.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Zhe Li, Danyang Li, Yuhan Rao, Li Wei, Mihua Liu, Guo Zheng, Yingcheng Yao, Xiaoli Hou, Yaxi Chen, Xiong Z. Ruan
Summary: Research shows that in the development of the placental labyrinth in mice, the expression of SCAP in pericytes plays a crucial role in the structural organization of placental vessels and angiogenesis.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2021)
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Mo Wang, Huaying Xiong, Han Chen, Qiu Li, Xiong Zhong Ruan
Summary: Renal injury caused by SARS-CoV-2 is a result of multiple factors, with the virus initiating a mechanism of renal injury via highly expressed ACE2 in the renal tissue. Systemic effects such as host immune clearance and immune tolerance disorders, endothelial cell injury, thrombus formation, glucose and lipid metabolism disorder, and hypoxia further exacerbate this renal injury.
Article
Oncology
Ting Yu, Enze Zheng, Yanping Li, Yuqi Li, Jun Xia, Qiuying Ding, Zhengping Hou, Xiong Z. Ruan, Lei Zhao, Yaxi Chen
Summary: This study revealed that palmitic acid induces hepatocyte apoptosis through promoting the phosphorylation and stability of IP3R1 via the activation of the src pathway, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and Ca2+ overload in hepatic cells. The inhibition of the src/IP3R1 pathway may offer a potential therapeutic approach for the treatment of NAFLD.
EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shu Zeng, Fan Wu, Mengyue Chen, Yun Li, Mengyue You, Yang Zhang, Ping Yang, Li Wei, Xiong Z. Ruan, Lei Zhao, Yaxi Chen
Summary: In this study, we found that inhibiting the palmitoylation of FAT/CD36 promotes its localization to the mitochondria of hepatocytes, thereby alleviating NAFLD. Mitochondrial FAT/CD36 acts as a molecular bridge between LCFAs and ACSL1, increasing the production of long-chain acyl-CoA and promoting FAO, thus preventing lipid accumulation and excessive ROS production in hepatocytes.
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jian Lu, Pei Pei Chen, Jia Xiu Zhang, Xue Qi Li, Gui Hua Wang, Ben Yin Yuan, Si Jia Huang, Xiao Qi Liu, Ting Ting Jiang, Meng Ying Wang, Wen Tao Liu, Xiong Zhong Ruan, Bi Cheng Liu, Kun Ling Ma
Summary: The activation of GPR43 contributes to podocyte injury in diabetic nephropathy by mediating lipotoxicity and modulating the ERK/EGR1 pathway. The study also found that GPR43 gene knockout inhibited cholesterol accumulation and autophagy inhibition. These findings suggest that GPR43 could be a potential target for treating podocyte injury in diabetic nephropathy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Xiao Qi Liu, Ting Ting Jiang, Meng Ying Wang, Wen Tao Liu, Yang Huang, Yu Lin Huang, Feng Yong Jin, Qing Zhao, Gui Hua Wang, Xiong Zhong Ruan, Bi Cheng Liu, Kun Ling Ma
Summary: The study found that microinflammation is closely associated with potential cardiovascular disease events in CKD patients, suggesting that therapeutic strategies against microinflammation should be implemented to prevent CVD events in CKD patients treated with statins.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Danyang Li, Yingcheng Yao, Yuhan Rao, Xinyu Huang, Li Wei, Zhimei You, Guo Zheng, Xiaoli Hou, Yu Su, Zac Varghese, John F. Moorhead, Yaxi Chen, Xiong Z. Ruan
Summary: High expression of the cholesterol sensor SCAP is associated with sorafenib resistance in HCC, and inhibition of SCAP can improve sorafenib sensitivity. SCAP-mediated sorafenib resistance is related to decreased autophagy and decreased AMPK activity. Lycorine, a specific SCAP inhibitor, can reverse acquired resistance to sorafenib.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Han Zeng, Hong Qin, Meng Liao, Enze Zheng, Xiaoqing Luo, Anhua Xiao, Yiyu Li, Lin Chen, Li Wei, Lei Zhao, Xiong Z. Ruan, Ping Yang, Yaxi Chen
Summary: This study found that CD36 plays a role in the development of NAFLD by facilitating the uptake of free fatty acids and enhancing de novo lipogenesis in hepatocytes. CD36 forms a complex with INSIG2, disrupting the interaction between SCAP and INSIG2, leading to the translocation of SREBP1 for processing. These findings provide new evidence for targeting CD36 as a potential therapeutic approach for NAFLD.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qin Yi Wu, Bi Cheng Liu, Xiong Zhong Ruan, Kun Ling Ma
Summary: This review provides an overview of the structure and biological function of intestinal microbiota-derived membrane vesicles (MVs), highlighting their crucial roles in immunomodulation and maintenance of the intestinal micro-ecosystem. It also explores the relationship between MVs and chronic kidney disease (CKD), as well as the potential pathogenic mechanisms mediated by MVs, which may have significant clinical implications for the diagnosis and treatment of CKD.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR BASIS OF DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ping Yang, Hong Qin, Yiyu Li, Anhua Xiao, Enze Zheng, Han Zeng, Chunxiao Su, Xiaoqing Luo, Qiannan Lu, Meng Liao, Lei Zhao, Li Wei, Zac Varghese, John F. Moorhead, Yaxi Chen, Xiong Z. Ruan
Summary: Our study reveals that the scavenger receptor CD36 is upregulated in metastasis-associated macrophages (MAMs) and deletion of CD36 in MAMs attenuates liver metastasis in mice. MAMs contain more lipid droplets and have the unique capability to engulf tumor cell-derived long-chain fatty acids carried by extracellular vesicles. These lipid-enriched vesicles are preferentially partitioned into macrophages via CD36, fueling their tumor-promoting activities and creating a highly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) in liver metastasis.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Wen Tao Liu, Xiao Qi Liu, Ting Ting Jiang, Meng Ying Wang, Yang Huang, Yu Lin Huang, Feng Yong Jin, Qing Zhao, Qin Yi Wu, Bi Cheng Liu, Xiong Zhong Ruan, Kun Ling Ma
Summary: This study utilized a machine learning model to accurately predict the development of AKI in HF patients, assisting doctors in early intervention.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yun Li, Tao Wang, Qiumin Liao, Xiaoting Luo, Xing Wang, Shu Zeng, Mengyue You, Yaxi Chen, Xiong Z. Ruan
Summary: Lipid accumulation in hepatocytes is a distinctive feature of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. The loss of Serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 3 (SRSF3) is associated with lipid accumulation. SRSF3 regulates lipophagy, the selective degradation of lipid droplets by autophagy. Loss of SRSF3 impairs the fusion of autophagosomes and lysosomes, leading to weakened clearance of fatty acids and progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Guo Zheng, Yu Su, Li Wei, Yingcheng Yao, Yizhe Wang, Xiaoting Luo, Xing Wang, Xiong Z. Z. Ruan, Danyang Li, Yaxi Chen
Summary: This study reveals that specific ablation of SCAP in VSMCs inhibits cell proliferation and migration, leading to defective embryonic angiogenesis in mice. Mechanistically, SCAP ablation upregulates KISS-1 protein, resulting in suppressed MAPK/ERK signaling pathway activation and downregulation of MMP9 and VEGF expression, thereby preventing angiogenesis. These findings suggest that SCAP promotes embryonic angiogenesis by negatively regulating KISS-1 expression in mice and provide a new perspective for therapeutic targets in vascular development.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Si Jia Huang, Yang Zhang, Gui Hua Wang, Jian Lu, Pei Pei Chen, Jia Xiu Zhang, Xue Qi Li, Ben Yin Yuan, Xiao Qi Liu, Ting Ting Jiang, Meng Ying Wang, Wen Tao Liu, Xiong Zhong Ruan, Bi Cheng Liu, Kun Ling Ma
Summary: This study found that platelet-derived microparticles (PMPs) are deposited in podocytes and closely associated with the progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Aspirin treatment significantly inhibited the accumulation of PMPs in the glomeruli of diabetic rats, alleviating mesangial matrix expansion and fusion of foot processes. PMP stimulation induced phenotypic transition of podocytes, supporting the role of PMP deposition in the development of DN.
INTERNATIONAL UROLOGY AND NEPHROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Xinyu Huang, Yingcheng Yao, Xiaoli Hou, Li Wei, Yuhan Rao, Yu Su, Guo Zheng, Xiong Z. Ruan, Danyang Li, Yaxi Chen
Summary: This study found that sterol regulatory element binding protein cleavage-activating protein (SCAP) acts as a novel regulator of the macrophage inflammatory response and the pathogenesis of lean nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) by activating the STING-NF-kappa B signaling pathway.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2022)