Article
Immunology
Wiwat Chancharoenthana, Supitcha Kamolratanakul, Peerapat Visitchanakun, Supistha Sontidejkul, Thanya Cheibchalard, Naraporn Somboonna, Sarn Settachaimongkon, Asada Leelahavanichkul
Summary: The impacts of metabolomic changes in uremic condition are not fully understood. In a mouse experiment, Candida administration worsened the condition of uremic mice and induced leaky gut, while the administration of SCFA-producing probiotics attenuated these effects. Overall, the use of probiotics in uremia is supported.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Kyoungrae Kim, Erik M. Anderson, Trace Thome, Guanyi Lu, Zachary R. Salyers, Tomas A. Cort, Kerri A. O'Malley, Salvatore T. Scali, Terence E. Ryan
Summary: In this study, adenine-induced nephropathy and 5/6 nephrectomy models of chronic kidney disease were compared, showing equivalent levels of muscle atrophy and mitochondrial impairment. The adenine model exhibited lower mortality rates, higher consistency in uremic toxin levels, and dysregulated phosphate homeostasis compared with the 5/6 nephrectomy model.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-RENAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Yeon Hee Yu, Seong-Wook Kim, Dae-Kyoon Park, Ho-Yeon Song, Duk-Soo Kim, Hyo-Wook Gil
Summary: This study demonstrated that CKD can induce anxiogenic behaviors and depression, with altered hippocampal neural oscillations in CKD rat models. CKD rats showed elevated levels of alpha-SMA and collagen I in renal tissue, leading to worsening fibrosis. Anxiety and depression-like behaviors increased as the CKD onset was prolonged, with increased power in delta, theta, and alpha rhythm in the hippocampus of CKD rats.
Article
Microbiology
Wimonrat Panpetch, Chitrasak Kullapanich, Cong Phi Dang, Peerapat Visitchanakun, Wilasinee Saisorn, Jutamas Wongphoom, Dhammika Leshan Wannigama, Arthid Thim-uam, Kanitha Patarakul, Naraporn Somboonna, Somying Tumwasorn, Asada Leelahavanichkul
Summary: The impact of gut fungi and (1 -> 3)-beta-D-glucan (BG) on uremia was explored by orally administering Candida albicans in mice with bilateral nephrectomy. The study found that Candida worsened intestinal injury and altered gut microbiota in the mice, resulting in the presence of bacteria, endotoxin, and glucan in the bloodstream.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jiraphorn Issara-Amphorn, Cong Phi Dang, Wilasinee Saisorn, Kavee Limbutara, Asada Leelahavanichkul
Summary: The presence of Candida in BiN mice accelerated the gut translocation of β-glucan, leading to enhanced cell energy status and pro-inflammatory macrophage responses. This research suggests a potential role of gut fungi and β-glucan in exacerbating systemic inflammation in acute uremia.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Linfeng Zhu, Guoqin Tong, Fan Yang, Yijun Zhao, Guangjie Chen
Summary: Uremic neuropathy in children is a wide range of neurological disorders associated with progressive renal dysfunction. The diagnosis is often made retrospectively, and there are no defining signs or laboratory and imaging findings. These disorders contribute to increased morbidity and mortality among children, making uremia a global public health problem. Mechanistically, retention of uremic solutes, increased oxidative stress, neurotransmitter imbalance, and disturbance of the blood-brain barrier may cause uremic neuropathy. Neuroimmune factors and targeted anti-inflammatory therapy may provide new insights for the treatment of uremia.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
News Item
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shannon Hall
Summary: Astronomers witness an extraordinary fireworks show from a dying star, unlike anything they have ever seen before.
Article
Optics
Danheng Gao, Xinghua Yang, Pingping Teng, Meng Luo, Haoxin Zhang, Zhihai Liu, Jun Yang, Zhanao Li, Xingyue Wen, Libo Yuan, Kang Li, Mark Bowkett, Nigel Copner
Summary: In this study, a microstructured in-fiber optofluidic SERS sensor is proposed for the initial detection of uremia by detecting unlabeled urea and creatinine. The self-assembled SERS substrate using silver nanoparticles and graphene oxide sheets successfully enhances Raman signals. Experimental results demonstrate good detection performance for urea and creatinine under simulated conditions.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Dearbhla M. Kelly, Zanfina Ademi, Wolfram Doehner, Gregory Y. H. Lip, Patrick Mark, Kazunori Toyoda, Christopher X. Wong, Mark Sarnak, Michael Cheung, Charles A. Herzog, Kirsten L. Johansen, Holger Reinecke, Manish M. Sood
Summary: Chronic kidney disease is a significant risk factor for cerebrovascular disease, with various potential mechanisms linking the two, including traditional and nontraditional risk factors. The presence of chronic kidney disease complicates stroke risk prediction, diagnosis, and management, leading to more severe strokes and a higher burden on patients.
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Shimaa Antar Fareed, Abdullah A. Almilaibary, Hanaa Z. Nooh, Shaimaa Mohamed Hassan
Summary: Gum Arabic has an ameliorating effect on liver tissues in uremic rats, reducing histopathological changes and protecting against the development of hepatocellular carcinoma.
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Seolhyun Lee, Tammy L. Sirich, Ignacio J. Blanco, Natalie S. Plummer, Timothy W. Meyer
Summary: This study evaluates the adsorption of uremic solutes to activated carbon and finds that activated carbon has adsorption capabilities for most uremic solutes. However, the adsorption capacity decreases as the volume of dialysate processed increases. Additionally, activated carbon adds some uremic solutes to the dialysate.
CLINICAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Cheng-Hao Weng, Ching-Chih Hu, Tzung-Hai Yen, Ching-Wei Hsu, Wen-Hung Huang
Summary: The study revealed a positive correlation between blood lead levels and blood aluminum levels with uremic pruritus, while blood cadmium levels showed no association. It suggests that clinicians should prioritize environmental sources of lead and aluminum to prevent uremic pruritus.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Trace Thome, Kyoungrae Kim, Gengfu Dong, Terence E. E. Ryan
Summary: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects 700 million people worldwide and leads to the loss of muscle mass and function. Mitochondrial and redox alterations have been found to be involved in CKD-associated myopathy, but the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Effective treatments to improve muscle health in CKD are still lacking.
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Luz M. Acevedo, Angela Vidal, Escolastico Aguilera-Tejero, Jose-Luis L. Rivero
Summary: This literature review discusses the association between skeletal muscle plasticity and renal dysfunction and obesity, as well as the influence of a nontraditional axis involving kidney, bone, and muscle on skeletal muscle plasticity.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Timothy W. Meyer, Thomas H. Hostetter
Summary: The high GFR in vertebrates is associated with large energy expenditure and is proportional to metabolic rate. Tubular secretion in the kidneys is used to eliminate toxic compounds. High GFR may provide a buffer for clearing solutes that cannot be secreted.
CLINICAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sumon Roy, Robert A. Kloner, Fadi N. Salloum, Ion S. Jovin
Summary: The coexistence of cardiovascular disease and erectile dysfunction is common, possibly due to underlying endothelial dysfunction. The effects of phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5) inhibitors on the cardiovascular system remain unclear, despite their well-established role in erectile dysfunction therapy. Preclinical studies suggest potential clinical applications for PDE5 inhibitors in cardioprotection, but attempts to translate these findings to clinical trials have faced challenges.
CARDIOVASCULAR DRUGS AND THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Teja Devarakonda, Adolfo G. Mauro, Chad Cain, Anindita Das, Fadi N. Salloum
Summary: This study investigated the effects of up-regulating RXFP1 via AAV9 vectors in a mouse model of myocardial infarction. The results showed that overexpression of RXFP1 enhanced the ventricular inotropic response to Relaxin, reduced infarct size, and preserved cardiac function after ischemia-reperfusion. Up-regulation of RXFP1 through AAV9 vectors has the potential therapeutic utility in preventing adverse remodeling after myocardial infarction.
JACC-BASIC TO TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Teja Devarakonda, Juan Valle Raleigh, Adolfo G. Mauro, Johana M. Lambert, Lauren Ashley Cowart, Fadi N. Salloum
Summary: This study demonstrates the cardioprotective effects of Relaxin in ischemic heart disease by modulating inflammation, fibrosis, and arrhythmogenesis. Relaxin treatment increases the content of sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) in cardiomyocytes and improves survival, cardiac function, and reduces fibrosis and apoptosis in a rodent model of ischemic heart failure. The expression of pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic markers is also mitigated, along with a reduction in beclin-1 expression.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Taylor Schultz, Frank J. Raucci, Fadi N. Salloum
Summary: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a rare and devastating disease, affecting approximately 1 in every 3,500 male births worldwide. Cardiomyopathy has become the most common cause of death in DMD patients. Current research aims to identify therapeutic targets for treating DMD cardiomyopathy.
JACC-BASIC TO TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Zhen Li, Huijing Xia, Thomas E. Sharp, Kyle B. LaPenna, John W. Elrod, Kevin M. Casin, Ken Liu, John W. Calvert, Vinh Q. Chau, Fadi N. Salloum, Shi Xu, Ming Xian, Noriyuki Nagahara, Traci T. Goodchild, David J. Lefer
Summary: This study reveals that the reduction of 3-MST in the myocardium is associated with heart failure. Knockout of 3-MST worsens cardiac and vascular dysfunction in a mouse model of pressure overload-induced heart failure. Restoring branched-chain amino acid metabolism and administrating an H2S donor can alleviate the detrimental effects of 3-MST deficiency in heart failure.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Medical Laboratory Technology
Adolfo G. Mauro, Eleonora Mezzaroma, Stefano Toldo, Giselle C. Melendez, R. Lee Franco, Edward J. Lesnefsky, Antonio Abbate, W. Gregory Hundley, Fadi N. Salloum
Summary: Despite the progress in cancer therapy, the cardiotoxicity caused by these treatments remains a major problem. The field of cardio-oncology aims to prevent cardiovascular complications while ensuring effective cancer treatment. Various mechanisms have been studied, including mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, lysosomal damage, impaired autophagy, cell senescence, DNA damage, and inflammation mediated by the NLRP3 inflammasome. This review focuses on these mechanisms and the potential application of inflammasome inhibitors to prevent cancer therapy-associated cardiovascular diseases.
TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Rakesh C. Kukreja, Rui Wang, Saisudha Koka, Anindita Das, Arun Samidurai, Lei Xi
Summary: This article discusses the potential use of combination therapy with PDE5 inhibitor and HCQ in the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Previous studies have shown that this combination treatment can reduce blood glucose and lipid levels, improve insulin sensitivity, and reduce myocardial infarction.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Chunmeng Zhang, Pranita Atri, Palanisamy Nallasamy, Seema Parte, Sanchita Rauth, Rama Krishna Nimmakayala, Saravanakumar Marimuthu, Ramakanth Chirravuri-Venkata, Rakesh Bhatia, Sushanta Halder, Ashu Shah, Jesse L. Cox, Lynette Smith, Sushil Kumar, Jason M. Foster, Rakesh C. Kukreja, Parthasarathy Seshacharyulu, Moorthy P. Ponnusamy, Surinder K. Batra
Summary: In this study, Bosutinib was identified as a candidate drug to target MUC4 oncogenic mucin using an in silico screening method. Bosutinib treatment alone or in combination with other drugs reduced viability, migration, and colony formation in PDAC cell lines, as well as proliferation and growth in human PDAC organoids and xenografts. Bosutinib downregulated MUC4 mucin at both transcription and translation levels and disrupted the Src-ERK/AKT-FosL1 pathway, leading to decreased expression of MUC4 and MUC5AC mucins. Overall, Bosutinib is a promising mucin-targeting drug that can be used in the treatment of mucinous tumors.
Editorial Material
Oncology
Adolfo G. Mauro, Victor Yazbeck, Fadi N. Salloum
JACC: CARDIOONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Lei Xi, Donatas Kraskauskas, Sakthivel Muniyan, Surinder K. Batra, Rakesh C. Kukreja
Summary: Androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) is the primary systemic therapy for advanced or metastatic prostate cancer (PCa), but it may cause metabolic and cardiovascular adverse events. In this study, a murine model of ADT was established using a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist leuprolide, and the effects on metabolism and cardiac function were investigated. The results showed that long-term ADT with leuprolide increased abdominal adiposity and cardiac injury biomarker levels, and sildenafil did not prevent these adverse changes.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY, INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Michele Golino, Francesco Moroni, Marco Giuseppe Del Buono, Justin M. M. Canada, Azita H. H. Talasaz, Sebastian Pinel, James Mbualungu, Alessandra Vecchie, Ai-Chen (Jane) Ho, Georgia K. Thomas, Salvatore Carbone, Hayley E. Billingsley, Jeremy Turlington, Roshanak Markley, Cory Trankle, Roberto De Ponti, Benjamin Van Tassell, Antonio Abbate
Summary: Anakinra treatment leads to a transient increase in eosinophils in patients with heart failure, which is associated with injection site reactions and improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness.
Letter
Oncology
Suhas Suddala, Nathaniel O'Connell, Ralph D'Agostino, Amy Ladd, Alexander R. Lucas, Jennifer H. Jordan, Fadi N. Salloum, Bonnie Ky, Mary Helen Hackney, W. Gregory Hundley
JACC: CARDIOONCOLOGY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Kerryn Reding, Nathaniel S. O'Connell, Warren Szewczyk, Richard K. Cheng, Johnny Nguyen, Amy C. Ladd, Jennifer H. Jordan, Alexander R. Lucas, Vanessa B. Sheppard, Yaorong Ge, Fadi N. Salloum, Youngdeok Kim, Edward J. Lesnefsky, Robert L. Franco, Giselle C. Melendez, Arnethea L. Sutton, Ralph Dagostino, Kathryn E. Weaver, Glenn J. Lesser, William G. Hundley
Meeting Abstract
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Donatas Kraskauskas, Bin Ni, Adolfo G. Mauro, Valerie Lau, Varun Kodali, Arun Samidurai, Igor Belka, Laura Corral, Kyle W. Chan, Cathy A. Swindlehurst, Fadi N. Salloum, Anindita Das
Meeting Abstract
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Adolfo G. Mauro, Donatas Kraskauskas, Emma Noyelle, Malk Eldessouky, Giselle C. Melendez, Edward Lesnefsky, Stefano Toldo, William G. Hundley, Fadi N. Salloum