Review
Physiology
Michael F. Keating, Brian G. Drew, Anna C. Calkin
Summary: Synthetic oligonucleotide technologies are effective tools for disrupting gene transcription or translation. They can improve metabolism and have potential therapeutic applications for obesity-related disorders.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Mengyao Wu, Tak-Ho Lo, Liping Li, Jia Sun, Chujun Deng, Ka-Ying Chan, Xiang Li, Steve Ting-Yuan Yeh, Jimmy Tsz Hang Lee, Pauline Po Yee Lui, Aimin Xu, Chi-Ming Wong
Summary: This study found that adhesion G protein-coupled receptor F1 (Adgrf1) regulates hepatic lipid metabolism by controlling the expression of stearoyl-coA desaturase 1 (Scd1). The downregulation of Adgrf1 expression in the livers of obese subjects may serve as a protective mechanism to prevent the excessive accumulation of fat. These findings not only reveal a new mechanism for the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but also propose a novel therapeutic approach to combat NAFLD by targeting Adgrf1.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jae-Hyuk Byun, Ji Eun Shin, Yeung-Joon Choi, Se-Young Choung
Summary: TGPN significantly improved alcoholic fatty liver by decreasing liver index and lipid levels, increasing adiponectin level, and reducing liver fat accumulation. It activated AMP-activated protein kinase and its downstream pathway, promoting lipid metabolism and decreasing liver function markers, ultimately reducing liver cell damage.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gaofeng Yuan, Meijuan Tan, Xiaoe Chen
Summary: This study found that supplementation with PUA can partially improve obesity and liver steatosis induced by HFD in mice by regulating gut microbiota composition.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ivan Lopez-Mendez, Karla Mendez-Maldonado, Luis A. Manzo-Francisco, Eva Juarez-Hernandez, Misael Uribe, Varenka J. Barbero-Becerra
Summary: MAFLD is a hepatic disorder linked to active fatty acid metabolism and regulated by GPRs. Obesity, microbiota environment, and dietary characteristics are also associated with MAFLD. The role of active fatty acids in metabolic diseases is a promising area for further research.
NUTRITION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andrea Barrientos-Riosalido, Laia Bertran, Merce Vilaro-Blay, Carmen Aguilar, Salome Martinez, Marta Paris, Fatima Sabench, David Riesco, Jessica Binetti, Daniel Del Castillo, Cristobal Richart, Teresa Auguet
Summary: The objective of this study was to assess the involvement of OLFM2 in NAFLD mediated by the adipose-tissue-liver axis. OLFM2 expression in SAT was enhanced in MO individuals and in the presence of NAFLD. Additionally, OLFM2 expression in VAT decreased in the presence of NASH and exhibited a positive correlation with adiponectin levels.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xingchun Wang, Bangfeng Zhao, Hang Sun, Hui You, Shen Qu
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of sitagliptin on intrahepatic lipid (IHL) content in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The results showed that sitagliptin improved glucose metabolism abnormalities but did not directly reduce IHL in patients with NAFLD.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Lihui Zhu, Xiao Wu, Rongrong Liao
Summary: Mitochondrial dysfunction is central to the pathobiology of NAFLD, making maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis crucial for treatment. Mitophagy, a process of selectively clearing damaged mitochondria through autophagy, promotes mitochondrial homeostasis. Strategies regulating mitophagy have shown promise in preclinical experiments. Traditional Chinese medicine, a natural product with active ingredients, has great potential in liver disease prevention and treatment. This review summarizes mitophagy-related pathways and the latest findings on mitophagy regulation in NAFLD, highlighting the potential of Traditional Chinese medicine.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yuanye Jiang, Xiaoyu Zhuang, Jiaqi Zhang, Meng Li, Shengnan Du, Jiyun Tian, Yifu Yuan, Guang Ji, Cheng Hu
Summary: This study investigated the clinical and proteomic characteristics of lean individuals with NAFLD, and found that they exhibit distinct clinical profiles compared to overweight individuals with NAFLD. Plasma proteomic profiling revealed potential biomarkers with diagnostic value for lean NAFLD. These proteins are primarily involved in lipid metabolism, immune and complement systems, and platelet degranulation.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chian-Jiun Liou, Shu-Ju Wu, Szu-Chuan Shen, Li-Chen Chen, Ya-Ling Chen, Wen-Chung Huang
Summary: Acacetin reduces lipid accumulation, improves hepatocyte steatosis, and regulates lipid metabolism and inflammation in obese mice.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Marziyeh Anari, Magdalene K. Montgomery
Summary: Mammalian cells contain a wide variety of glycerophospholipid species, with phosphatidylserine (PS) playing a crucial role in various physiological processes. PS is involved in apoptosis, blood clotting, cancer pathogenesis, and muscle and brain function. Recent studies have focused on the role of hepatic PS in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and liver cancer progression. This review provides a comprehensive overview of hepatic phospholipid metabolism and delves into the metabolism of PS in advanced liver disease.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
R. Ariel Igal, Debora Sinner
Summary: SCD1 is a central regulator of fatty acid metabolism in humans, while SCD5, as a second isoform, has started to receive attention for its potential role in metabolic regulation and biological functions.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR AND CELL BIOLOGY OF LIPIDS
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Xiaojiaoyang Li, Junde Ge, Yajing Li, Yajie Cai, Qi Zheng, Nana Huang, Yiqing Gu, Qi Han, Yunqian Li, Rong Sun, Runping Liu
Summary: The study found that saikosaponin A (SSa) and saikosaponin D (SSd) from Radix Bupleuri can improve nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by modulating glycerolipid metabolism and regulating specific genes. These components also activate certain transcription factors, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha, to regulate fatty acid synthesis and degradation. The results provide critical evidence for the discovery of innovative therapies based on SSa and SSd.
ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA B
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Stanislav Kotlyarov, Aleksei Bulgakov
Summary: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) share common pathogenic mechanisms, including impaired lipid metabolism, but many aspects remain controversial.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Dogan Grepper, Cassandra Tabasso, Axel K. F. Aguettaz, Adrien Martinotti, Ammar Ebrahimi, Sylviane Lagarrigue, Francesca Amati
Summary: A reproducible and fast method for imaging zebrafish larvae without losing lipid droplet quality and organ morphology was proposed in this study. The impact of high-fat diet on lipid droplet characteristics in the liver and skeletal muscle, accompanied by alterations in key players of fat metabolism, was demonstrated. The methodological advancements proposed in this work open doors for studying organelle adaptations in obesity and diabetes-related research.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2023)