Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ahmed Sam Beydoun, Kaleigh A. Stabenau, Kenneth W. Altman, Nikki Johnston
Summary: Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is increasing rapidly and has a poor prognosis, often preceded by Barrett's esophagus (BE). This review provides an overview of BE, EAC, and the progression from BE to EAC. The definition, diagnosis, epidemiology, and risk factors for both conditions are discussed, with special attention given to areas of debate. The progression from BE to EAC is likely driven by inflammatory pathways, pepsin exposure, upregulation of growth factor pathways, and mitochondrial changes. Surveillance is conducted through serial endoscopic evaluation, with shorter intervals recommended for high-risk features.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Tarek Sawas, Shawn A. Zamani, Sarah Killcoyne, Andrew Dullea, Kenneth K. Wang, Prasad G. Iyer, Rebecca C. Fitzgerald, David A. Katzka
Summary: Existing Barrett's esophagus screening guidelines have limitations in detecting prevalent esophageal adenocarcinoma. An optimized approach is needed to identify individuals most suitable for esophageal adenocarcinoma screening, particularly one that does not rely on chronic reflux symptoms.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Ikenna C. Okereke, Aaron L. Miller, Daniel C. Jupiter, Catherine F. Hamilton, Gabriel L. Reep, Timothy Krill, Clark R. Andersen, Richard B. Pyles
Summary: The microbial community structures differ between patients with and without Barrett's esophagus, with certain organisms less likely to be detected as the severity of Barrett's esophagus worsens.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Bashar J. Qumseya, Yazan Qumsiyeh, Sandeep A. Ponniah, David Estores, Dennis Yang, Crystal N. Johnson-Mann, Jeffrey Friedman, Alexander Ayzengart, Peter V. Draganov
Summary: After analyzing 10 studies, it was found that the prevalence of BE is high in patients undergoing EGD after SG, with no significant correlation with postoperative GERD symptoms. Most cases of BE were observed after 3 years.
GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Majid Alsahafi, Hebah Mimish, Fatma Salem, Mohammed Hijazi, Emad Aljahdli, Hani Jawa, Salim Bazarah, Rana Bokhary, Yousef Qari, Mahmoud Mosli
Summary: BE was reported endoscopically in 0.64% and histologically confirmed in 0.32% of this cohort of Saudi patients. Male gender was the only factor associated with BE.
DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Xiaoduo Liu, Tao Wei, Lubo Shi, Shaojiong Zhou, Yufei Liu, Weiyi Song, Xinwei Que, Zhibin Wang, Yi Tang
Summary: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis revealed a potential risk-increasing effect of GERD on epilepsy, particularly generalized epilepsy. However, BE did not show a significant causal relationship with the risks of generalized and focal epilepsy.
BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Sarmed S. Sami, James P. Moriarty, Jordan K. Rosedahl, Bijan J. Borah, David A. Katzka, Kenneth K. Wang, John B. Kisiel, Krish Ragunath, Joel H. Rubenstein, Prasad G. Iyer
Summary: In GERD-independent scenarios, most non-sEGD BE screening tests were cost-effective, with swallowable esophageal cell collection devices with biomarkers being the optimal choice. However, exhaled volatile organic compounds had the highest ICERs in all scenarios.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Shaoze Ma, Xiaozhong Guo, Chunmei Wang, Yue Yin, Guangqin Xu, Hongxin Chen, Xingshun Qi
Summary: This meta-analysis indicates a negative correlation between Helicobacter pylori infection and Barrett's esophagus, particularly with CagA-positive H. pylori infection. The study highlights the potential role of H. pylori infection in the development of Barrett's esophagus.
THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN CHRONIC DISEASE
(2022)
Review
Surgery
Bashar Qumseya, Yazen Qumsiyeh, Ahmed Sarheed, Robyn Rosasco, Amira Qumseya
Summary: This study aimed to assess the effect of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RNY) on Barrett's esophagus (BE) in obese patients. The systematic review and meta-analysis of studies showed that a majority of patients with BE who underwent RNY had remission or improvement, while a significant minority showed no change on follow-up endoscopy.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ahmed Gouda, Mohamed El-Kassas
Summary: This case highlights the importance of upper endoscopy screening for Barrett's esophagus in patients with eating disorders.
WORLD JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CASES
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yan-Lin Du, Ru-Qiao Duan, Li-Ping Duan
Summary: The study found a significant inverse relationship between Hp, especially the CagA-positive Hp strain, and BE, but no significant difference in Hp infection prevalence was observed between BE patients and the GERD control group. Hp was negatively correlated with long-segment BE and associated with a reduced risk of dysplasia, but had no correlation with short-segment BE.
BMC GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Abdurrahman Sahin, Gokhan Artas
Summary: The study aimed to determine the prevalence of BE among patients undergoing EGD in a tertiary care center in Eastern Turkey and compare it with other regions. They found a higher prevalence of BE in the study compared to other regions, with most cases being short-segment BE in middle-aged women, and a majority being positive for Helicobacter pylori.
ACTA MEDICA MEDITERRANEA
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Nicholas J. Shaheen, Gary W. Falk, Prasad G. Iyer, Rhonda F. Souza, Rena H. Yadlapati, Bryan G. Sauer, Sachin Wani
Summary: Barrett's esophagus is a common condition associated with chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease and is a precursor to esophageal adenocarcinoma. The revised guidelines propose recommendations for the definition, diagnosis, screening, surveillance, and treatment of Barrett's esophagus, including important changes such as expanding acceptable screening methods and volume criteria for treatment centers.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jan Bilski, Monika Pinkas, Dagmara Wojcik-Grzybek, Marcin Magierowski, Edyta Korbut, Agnieszka Mazur-Bialy, Gracjana Krzysiek-Maczka, Slawomir Kwiecien, Katarzyna Magierowska, Tomasz Brzozowski
Summary: Both obesity and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) rates have seen a significant increase in recent years in the United States and Western Europe. Obesity plays a key role in the development of EAC, with increased body mass index correlating with higher risk. Pathologically altered visceral fat in obesity is believed to contribute to this process. Visceral obesity may promote EAC through direct effects on gastroesophageal reflux disease and Barrett's esophagus (BE), as well as through the release of pro-inflammatory adipokines and insulin resistance. Disrupted adipokine production, such as the imbalance of leptin and adiponectin, is implicated in the pathogenesis of BE and EAC. This review discusses the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and molecular alterations associated with obesity in BE and EAC, with a focus on the potential role of adipokines and myokines. The review also highlights the possible crosstalk of adipokines and myokines during exercise and suggests lifestyle interventions, specifically regular physical activity, as a promising strategy for preventing the development of BE and EAC.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Theresa H. Nguyen, Aaron P. Thrift, Massimo Rugge, Hashem B. El-Serag
Summary: This study examined the prevalence of Barrett's esophagus in a previously unscreened primary care population and evaluated the performance of various BE screening guidelines. The findings suggest that guidelines requiring GERD symptoms have low sensitivity, while those not requiring GERD have low specificity. The study proposes a screening guideline with better utilization of known risk factors.
GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY
(2021)