Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ching-Chia Wang, Huang-Jen Chen, Ding-Cheng Chan, Chen-Yuan Chiu, Shing-Hwa Liu, Kuo-Cheng Lan
Summary: The study found that acrolein exposure led to increased fasting blood glucose and impaired glucose tolerance in mice. It also showed that acrolein treatment decreased the expression of GLUT4 in both mouse soleus muscles and C2C12 myotubes, as well as suppressed phosphorylation of glucose metabolic signals. Additionally, over-expression of constitutive activation of Akt reversed the inhibitory effects of acrolein on GLUT4 protein expression and glucose uptake in myotubes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jain Jeong, Soyoung Jang, Song Park, Wookbong Kwon, Si-Yong Kim, Soyoen Jang, Jiwon Ko, Si Jun Park, Su-geun Lim, Duhak Yoon, Junkoo Yi, Sanggyu Lee, Myoung Ok Kim, Seong-Kyoon Choi, Zae Young Ryoo
Summary: The study highlighted the important role of JAZF1 in adipocyte differentiation and related metabolism through experiments in vitro and in vivo. Heterozygous JAZF1 knockout mice exhibited abnormalities in adipose tissue mass and glucose metabolism, providing new insights for treating obesity and metabolic disorders.
CELL AND BIOSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Verena Damiani, Alessia Lamolinara, Ilaria Cicalini, Maria Concetta Cufaro, Francesco Del Pizzo, Federica Di Marco, Piero Del Boccio, Beatrice Dufrusine, Michael Hahne, Rossano Lattanzio, Damiana Pieragostino, Manuela Iezzi, Massimo Federici, Maria Caterina Turco, Arianna Maiorana, Carlo Dionisi-Vici, Vincenzo De Laurenzi
Summary: In this study, the researchers found that beta-cell specific BAG3 deficiency leads to excessive insulin secretion, resulting in insulin resistance. The resistance is mainly muscle-dependent, while the liver remains insulin sensitive. Chronic metabolic disorders lead to histopathological alterations in multiple organs, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and chronic kidney disease-like changes. Conclusion: This study reveals the role of BAG3 in insulin secretion and provides an animal model for the study of hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Alexandra Aliluev, Sophie Tritschler, Michael Sterr, Lena Oppenlaender, Julia Hinterdobler, Tobias Greisle, Martin Irmler, Johannes Beckers, Na Sun, Axel Walch, Kerstin Stemmer, Alida Kindt, Jan Krumsiek, Matthias H. Tschop, Malte D. Luecken, Fabian J. Theis, Heiko Lickert, Anika Boettcher
Summary: This study reveals that an obesogenic diet induces hyperproliferation of intestinal stem cells and progenitors in mice, leading to changes in intestinal cell identities and mucosal changes associated with obesity. The molecular mechanisms linking increased fatty acid synthesis, Ppar signaling, and the Insr-Igf1r-Akt pathway to these changes are described, shedding light on the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome.
Article
Biology
Helen Hertenstein, Ellen McMullen, Astrid Weiler, Anne Volkenhoff, Holger M. Becker, Stefanie Schirmeier
Summary: During hunger or malnutrition, animals prioritize ensuring the supply of nutrients to the brain for survival, a mechanism known as brain sparing. Research in Drosophila has shown that the expression of carbohydrate transporter proteins increases during starvation to facilitate efficient carbohydrate uptake, regulated by Rab-dependent intracellular shuttling and TGF-beta signaling. This study reveals an evolutionarily conserved regulatory paradigm for sugar transporter expression at the blood-brain barrier.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bellina A. S. Mushala, Bingxian Xie, Ian J. Sipula, Michael W. Stoner, Dharendra Thapa, Janet R. Manning, Paramesha Bugga, Amber M. Vandevender, Michael J. Jurczak, Iain Scott
Summary: Loss of GPR19 impacts whole-body energy metabolism in a sex-dependent manner, promoting increased energy expenditure and decreased activity in both male and female mice. Only male GPR19 KO mice display glucose intolerance and diet-induced hepatomegaly with decreased expression of key fatty acid oxidation genes in the liver.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lisbeth L. V. Moller, Mona S. Ali, Jonathan Davey, Steffen H. Raun, Nicoline R. Andersen, Jonathan Z. Long, Hongwei Qian, Jacob F. Jeppesen, Carlos Henriquez- Olguin, Emma Frank, Thomas E. Jensen, Kurt Hojlund, Jorgen F. P. Wojtaszewski, Joachim Nielsen, Tim T. Chiu, Mark P. Jedrychowski, Paul Gregorevic, Amira Klip, Erik A. Richter, Lykke Sylow
Summary: RhoGDIα is identified as a key regulator in controlling skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity by interacting with Rac1 and modulating GLUT4 translocation. Overexpression of RhoGDIα impairs insulin action and glucose tolerance, and elevated RhoGDIα protein content is observed in skeletal muscles of insulin-resistant patients with type 2 diabetes. This study highlights the clinical relevance of RhoGDIα as a controller of skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity and whole-body glucose homeostasis.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chien-Te Lee, Hwee-Yeong Ng, Hua-Rong Zhong, Yi Wang, Chih-Han Liu, Yuai-Ting Lee
Summary: This study found that as aging progressed, the abundance of renal glucose transporters and blood sugar levels increased, along with the increase in diabetes-related indicators. GYY4137 partially improved these conditions, reduced glomerulosclerosis, and reversed the expression of glucose transporters.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Mads Bisgaard Bengtsen, Esben Sovso Szocska Hansen, Rasmus Stilling Tougaard, Mads Dam Lyhne, Nikolaj Fibiger Rittig, Julie Stoy, Niels Jessen, Christian Ostergaard Mariager, Hans Stodkilde-Jorgensen, Niels Moller, Christoffer Laustsen
Summary: This study aimed to assess skeletal muscle metabolism in a large animal model by combining hyperpolarized magnetic resonance technique and hyperinsulinaemic clamp method. The results showed substantial increments in glucose infusion rates in skeletal muscle, but no significant changes in metabolite ratios using hyperpolarized magnetic resonance, suggesting limitations in detecting insulin effects. These findings have important implications for future studies in this field.
EXPERIMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Maria J. Gonzalez-Rellan, Marcos F. Fondevila, Carlos Dieguez, Ruben Nogueiras
Summary: O-GlcNAcylation, governed by the activity of OGT and OGA enzymes, plays a crucial role in regulating systemic glucose homeostasis. Dysregulation of blood glucose levels can lead to the development of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ying Xia, Emma Andersson, Mara Caputo, Emmelie Cansby, Francesca Sedda, Ferran Font-Girones, Johan Ruud, Yeshwant Kurhe, Bengt Hallberg, Hanns-Ulrich Marschall, Ingrid Wernstedt Asterholm, Stefano Romeo, Matthias Blueher, Margit Mahlapuu
Summary: This study investigated the role of TAOK3 in the development of NAFLD and systemic insulin resistance in obese mice. While TAOK3 deficiency had no impact on body weight or composition in obese mice, the silencing of TAOK3 in vitro suppressed ectopic lipid accumulation and metabolic stress in hepatocytes. However, genetic deficiency of TAOK3 in mice failed to mitigate the detrimental metabolic consequences of chronic exposure to dietary lipids, possibly due to the activation of liver-specific compensation response.
MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Francesco Liguori, Elisa Mascolo, Fiammetta Verni
Summary: Diabetes mellitus is a heterogeneous disease characterized by high blood sugar caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors, with both monogenic and multigenic forms. While many putative causative genes have been identified, a large percentage of cases remain undiagnosed, indicating a need for further research to identify causal variants of diabetes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Md Saidur Rahman, Khandkar Shaharina Hossain, Sharnali Das, Sushmita Kundu, Elikanah Olusayo Adegoke, Md Ataur Rahman, Md Abdul Hannan, Md Jamal Uddin, Myung-Geol Pang
Summary: Insulin, a polypeptide hormone secreted mainly by pancreatic beta cells, coordinates with glucagon to regulate blood glucose levels. It induces glucose storage in the liver, muscles, and adipose tissue, leading to overall weight gain. The modulation of physiological processes by insulin is crucial in the onset and progression of various diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Margarita Beckerman, Chava Harel, Inbal Michael, Amira Klip, Philip J. Bilan, Emily J. Gallagher, Derek LeRoith, Eli C. Lewis, Eddy Karnieli, Shulamit Levenberg
Summary: The study successfully demonstrated that engineered muscle constructs composed of GLUT4-overexpressing cells can effectively reduce and stabilize basal glucose levels in diabetic mice, suggesting a potential innovative modality for T2D therapy.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rok Herman, Nika Aleksandra Kravos, Mojca Jensterle, Andrej Janez, Vita Dolzan
Summary: This review discusses the mechanisms of action of metformin, focusing on changes in insulin signaling pathway mediators, AMPK, GLUT4 translocation mediators, and the impact of posttranscriptional modifications. It aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the interactions between metformin action, GLUT4 expression, GLUT4 translocation, and peripheral insulin sensitivity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Olesya Plazyo, Weilong Hao, Jian-Ping Jin
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Surgery
Tommy Ivanics, Michael Rizzari, Dilip Moonka, Abbas Al-Kurd, Khortnal Delvecchio, Toshihiro Kitajima, Ahmed M. Elsabbagh, Kelly Collins, Atsushi Yoshida, Marwan Abouljoud, Shunji Nagai
Summary: The study found that receiving a re-LT in the post-DAA era was associated with improved patient and graft survival among HCV patients, while there was no significant change observed in survival rates for non-HCV patients.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Felipe Hornos, Han-Zhong Feng, Bruno Rizzuti, Martina Palomino-Schatzlein, David Wieczorek, Jose L. Neira, J. -P. Jin
Summary: The conserved C-terminal end segment of troponin I (TnI) regulates muscle relaxation by reducing the Ca2+-sensitivity of myofibrils and promoting relaxation without decreasing force production. The isolated C-terminal 27 amino acid peptide from human cardiac TnI (HcTnI-C27) interacts with tropomyosin and can potentially improve diastolic function of the heart, making it a promising therapeutic approach.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Dongshan Yang, Xiubin Liang, Brooke Pallas, Mark Hoenerhoff, Zhuoying Ren, Renzhi Han, Jifeng Zhang, Y. Eugene Chen, Jian-Ping Jin, Fei Sun, Jie Xu
Summary: This study successfully generated CFTR-Delta F508 rabbits using CRISPR/Cas9 technology and confirmed their germline transmission. This provides a new tool for research on cystic fibrosis models and lays the foundation for future biomedical studies.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Tzu-Bou Hsieh, Han-Zhong Feng, Jian-Ping Jin
Summary: Deletion of calponin 2 effectively reduces postoperative peritoneal adhesion, presenting a novel molecular target for clinical prevention.
Calponin 2 KO mice developed significantly less postoperative peritoneal adhesions with reduced infiltration of F4/80(+) macrophages at the adhesion sites and less myofibroblast differentiation compared to WT mice.
JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Masataka Kawai, Jian-Ping Jin
Summary: Vertebrate cardiac muscle exhibits larger systolic force with increasing end diastolic chamber volume, known as Frank-Starling Law or length dependent activation (LDA). This phenomenon is explained by factors such as lattice spacing, increased Ca2+ sensitivity, titin-mediated rearrangement of myosin heads, and stretch activation, which may share mechanisms with insect muscles. Sarcomere stiffness caused by titin in vertebrate muscles is a key contributor to LDA.
JOURNAL OF MUSCLE RESEARCH AND CELL MOTILITY
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Xiubin Liang, Mohamad Bouhamdan, Xia Hou, Kezhong Zhang, Jun Song, Ke Hao, Jian-Ping Jin, Zhongyang Zhang, Jie Xu
Summary: The study identified a new CF animal model that exhibits intestinal dysbiosis phenotype, which may facilitate research and development of novel treatments for CF-associated gastrointestinal diseases. The fecal microbiomes of CF rabbits showed lower richness and diversity compared to wild-type rabbits, indicating significant taxonomic and functional dysbiosis.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Airong Qian, Tzu-Bou Hsieh, M. Moazzem Hossain, Jim J-C Lin, J-P Jin
Summary: Calponin 2 is a crucial protein regulating cell motility-related functions and cell division. Proper expression levels and degradation of calponin 2 play essential roles in normal cytokinesis. PKC phosphorylation-triggered degradation of calponin 2 may determine the rate of cell division.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Monica Rasmussen, Han-Zhong Feng, J-P Jin
Summary: The troponin-based calcium regulation of muscle contraction emerged approximately 700 million years ago and has largely conserved functions during evolution. However, cardiac troponin I (TnI) in vertebrates has evolved specific muscle type-specific isoforms, including phosphorylation sites for beta-adrenergic regulation. This rapid evolution suggests a high selection value for vertebrate hearts to adapt to increased metabolic demands on land.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EVOLUTION
(2022)
Review
Physiology
Monica Rasmussen, Jian-Ping Jin
Summary: The regulation of muscle contraction by troponin is essential for muscle quality, with specific isoforms expressed in different types of muscle fibers and adapted during development, aging, exercise, and disuse. Mutations in troponin subunits can lead to myopathies, making troponin variants useful markers for defining muscle quality and function. Understanding troponin modifications and mutants is crucial for improving human health by addressing age-related declines in muscle function and myopathies.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Chad M. Warren, Monika Halas, Paul H. Goldspink, Han-Zhong Feng, Anthony W. Herren, Beata M. Wolska, Pieter P. de Tombe, Jian-Ping Jin, R. John Solaro
Summary: In this study, the impact of chronic expression of cTnI-ND in transgenic mouse hearts was investigated. It was found that the modification of cTnI-ND in the sarcomere initiates changes in the phosphorylation signaling pathways, which may be involved in the chronic-adaptive response to stressors.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Monica Rasmussen, Jian-Ping Jin
Summary: This study introduces a novel approach using monoclonal antibodies as molecular probes to detect and monitor conformational changes of troponin subunits. The effectiveness of this approach in assessing ligand-induced conformations of troponin subunits in physiological conditions is demonstrated through a comparison of high-throughput microplate assay and localized surface plasmon resonance. This method requires small amounts of protein and is free of protein modification.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tianxin Cao, Shirin Akhter, J-P Jin
Summary: Troponin T (TnT) is a key component of the troponin complex involved in regulating muscle contraction. It has evolved through alternative splicing to generate isoforms with muscle type-specific functions. The C-terminal region of TnT has a variable splicing segment that interfaces with other subunits and is important for its function. The evolution of TnT isoforms is associated with functional differences in muscle contraction.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Tzu-Bou Hsieh, Jian-Ping Jin
Summary: Deletion of calponin 2 exacerbates age-progressive degeneration of the glomerular structure and function as filtration barrier, suggesting a critical role of calponin 2 in podocytes and providing a new molecular target for understanding the pathogenesis of proteinuria and therapeutic development.
PHYSIOLOGICAL REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Han-Zhong Feng, Xupei Huang, Jian-Ping Jin
Summary: This study demonstrates that restrictive deletion of the N-terminal extension of cardiac troponin I enhances the Frank-Starling response of the heart by increasing myofilament sensitivity to passive tension rather than relying on resting sarcomere length.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)