Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kathryn M. Spitler, Shwetha K. Shetty, Emily M. Cushing, Kelli L. Sylvers-Davie, Brandon S. J. Davies
Summary: Hepatocyte-specific loss of ANGPTL4 does not improve triglyceride phenotypes during high-fat feeding, but these mice show improved glucose tolerance after chronic high-fat diet. Additionally, Angptl4(LivKO) mice have decreased fasting plasma triglyceride levels after an 18-h fast, but not after a 6-h fast.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Francesco Baratta, Nicholas Cocomello, Mattia Coronati, Domenico Ferro, Daniele Pastori, Francesco Angelico, Maria Del Ben
Summary: Randomized clinical trials have shown that there is a residual cardiovascular risk in patients treated with statins and other lipid-lowering drugs to target LDL-cholesterol. This risk is mainly associated with lipid components other than LDL, particularly remnant cholesterol (RC) and lipoproteins rich in triglycerides. RCs play a major role in the development of atherosclerosis, easily passing through the arterial wall and stimulating the progression of smooth muscle cells and resident macrophages. Further studies and clinical trials are needed to evaluate the effects of drugs on RC levels and the efficacy of reducing RC on cardiovascular events.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Juan M. Espinosa, Jose M. Castellano, Silvia Garcia-Rodriguez, Angelica Quintero-Florez, Natalia Carrasquilla, Javier S. Perona
Summary: Microglial cells contribute to Alzheimer's disease by triggering an inflammatory response that leads to neuronal death. The presence of amyloid-beta in the brain is associated with alterations in the blood-brain barrier and permeation of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRL). In this study, lab-made TRL were used as carriers of lipophilic bioactive compounds to modulate the inflammatory response of microglial cells. The inclusion of oleanolic acid, alpha-tocopherol, and beta-sitosterol in TRL reduced the release of proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1 beta, IL-6, and TNF-alpha, as well as NO and iNOS generation. These findings suggest the potential therapeutic application of these lipophilic bioactive compounds in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Natalia Tobar, Guilherme Z. Rocha, Andrey Santos, Dioze Guadagnini, Heloisa B. Assalin, Juliana A. Camargo, Any E. S. S. Goncalves, Flavia R. Pallis, Alexandre G. Oliveira, Silvana A. Rocco, Raphael M. Neto, Irene Layane de Sousa, Marcos R. Alborghetti, Mauricio L. Sforca, Patricia B. Rodrigues, Raissa G. Ludwig, Emerielle C. Vanzela, Sergio Q. Brunetto, Patricia A. Boer, Jose A. R. Gontijo, Bruno Geloneze, Carla R. O. Carvalho, Patricia O. Prada, Franco Folli, Rui Curi, Marcelo A. Mori, Marco A. R. Vinolo, Celso D. Ramos, Kleber G. Franchini, Claudio F. Tormena, Mario J. A. Saad
Summary: Metformin primarily acts on the gut, increasing basolateral intestinal glucose uptake (BIGU) and influencing hepatic glucose production (HGP). In hyperglycemia, it modulates lactate and acetate production in the gut, reducing HGP. In normoglycemia, its mechanism of action is different.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xiang Li, Xiaojian Shao, Qiaochu Xue, Minghao Kou, Catherine M. Champagne, Boryana S. Koseva, Yoriko Heianza, Elin Grundberg, Lydia A. Bazzano, George A. Bray, Frank M. Sacks, Lu Qi
Summary: This study investigated the association between DNA methylation at the CPT1A gene and reductions in triglycerides and triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs) in response to weight-loss diet interventions. The results showed that a higher DNA methylation level at the CPT1A gene was associated with a greater reduction in total plasma triglycerides in participants assigned to a low-fat diet. Therefore, DNA methylation plays an important role in improving triglycerides and related lipoproteins in a low-fat weight-loss diet.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bai-Hui Zhang, Fan Yin, Ya-Nan Qiao, Shou-Dong Guo
Summary: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death globally, with atherosclerosis as its main pathological basis. The causal association between elevated triglyceride levels and atherosclerotic CVD (ASCVD) has been controversial, but recent studies have shown that triglycerides are the main causal risk factors for residual ASCVD.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Theodore R. Rieger, Richard J. Allen, Cynthia J. Musante
Summary: This study developed a Quantitative Systems Pharmacology model of human hepatocyte lipid metabolism, which can generate a virtual population of patients and determine the best points of intervention for reducing hepatic steatosis.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Theodore R. Rieger, Richard J. Allen, Cynthia J. Musante
Summary: This study developed a Quantitative Systems Pharmacology model of human hepatocyte lipid metabolism for simulating anti-steatotic therapies. The model was validated by generating a virtual population of NAFLD patients and simulating treatment responses. Results suggest that limiting non-esterified fatty acid flux from adipose tissue to the liver is the most effective method for reducing hepatic steatosis.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Kang Liu, Songsong Liu, Chou Wu, Yuwei Wang, Yurou Zhang, Jingsu Yu, Siqi Liu, Xiangling Li, Xinyu Qi, Songtao Su, Xinyi Qi, Lei Zhou, Yixing Li
Summary: Hepatic fat metabolism is disrupted in overnutrition and obesity, resulting in the development of NAFLD. Plant alkaloids, including rhynchophylline (RHY), show potential for NAFLD prevention and treatment. RHY was found to reduce triglyceride accumulation, increase energy metabolism, and alleviate oxidative stress in cell models of high-fat diet (HFD). In mice fed an HFD, RHY improved liver steatosis, reduced fat deposition, promoted energy metabolism, and improved glucose metabolism. Mechanistically, RHY interacted with lipases and increased lipase activity and lipolysis. Overall, RHY ameliorated HFD-induced NAFLD and its complications by enhancing lipase activity.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Lingling Zhang, Yanqiu Li, Ying Wang, Yugang Qiu, Hanchuan Mou, Yuanyao Deng, Jiyuan Yao, Zhiqing Xia, Wenzhe Zhang, Di Zhu, Zeyu Qiu, Zhongjie Lu, Jirong Wang, Zhouxin Yang, GenXiang Mao, Dan Chen, Leimin Sun, Leiming Liu, Zhenyu Ju
Summary: During liver regeneration, mTORC2 plays a role in lipid metabolism by facilitating FA transportation into hepatocytes through the GluCer-PPAR-alpha pathway.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Zhixiong Ying, Mariette R. Boon, Tamer Coskun, Sander Kooijman, Patrick C. N. Rensen
Summary: A simplified and time-efficient procedure for preparing TRL-like particles without fractionation was described in this study. The simplified procedure shortened particle preparation time from over 4 hours to less than 2 hours and generated particles with a higher yield, although with a smaller average size and more heterogeneous size distribution. Comparisons in mice showed highly comparable plasma clearance and organ distribution between the two preparations, demonstrating the potential of the simplified procedure for tracing TRL metabolism in vivo.
PHYSIOLOGICAL REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gozde Erturk Zararsiz, Serkan Bolat, Ahu Cephe, Necla Kochan, Serra Ilayda Yerlita, Halef Okan Dogan, Gokmen Zararsiz
Summary: Multiple studies have shown a high prevalence of dyslipidemia in children, emphasizing the importance of early recognition to prevent future coronary heart disease. Among the various equations for estimating LDL-C, the extended Martin-Hopkins formula was found to provide the most reliable results in a large pediatric population.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Fangli Zhou, Yan Wang, Yujue Li, Mengjia Tang, Shan Wan, Haoming Tian, Xiang Chen
Summary: The study found that circulating sclerostin levels were significantly lower in NAFLD patients compared to controls, and were negatively correlated with multiple metabolic parameters in NAFLD patients. Mice fed on a high-fat diet had reduced bone mass and lower sclerostin expression levels. Therefore, liver-lipid-bone interactions may play a key role in abnormal bone metabolism in NAFLD.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Aliza Hussain, Caroline Sun, Elizabeth Selvin, Vijay Nambi, Josef Coresh, Xiaoming Jia, Christie M. Ballantyne, Ron C. Hoogeveen
Summary: Despite statin and antihypertensive therapies, older Americans continue to have high ASCVD risk. Novel measures of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins are associated with ASCVD, and genetic polymorphisms related to triglyceride catabolism are potential therapeutic targets. In older adults, LDL-TG and ANGPTL3 are independent predictors of ASCVD events after adjustment for traditional risk factors.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Heng Wang, Jia-Li Fan
Summary: This study found an inverse and independent association between Lp(a) concentrations and IR in Chinese adult males, but not in females. Lp(a) interacts with gender in IR in Chinese adults.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Medical Laboratory Technology
Giuseppe Lippi, Brandon M. Henry, Khosrow Adeli
Summary: This article presents the first pooled analysis of the diagnostic accuracy of the fully-automated Roche Elecsys severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antigen electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) for diagnosing COVID-19. The results indicate that the ECLIA has high diagnostic specificity and optimal diagnostic sensitivity for identifying nasopharyngeal samples with higher viral load. It is a reliable technique for mass screening and for supporting strategies based on shorten isolation and/or quarantine.
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY AND LABORATORY MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Giuseppe Lippi, Khosrow Adeli, Mario Plebani
Summary: Measuring the level of protection provided by anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies is a reliable approach for predicting biological protection against COVID-19. However, the vast mutations in SARS-CoV-2 may compromise the reliability of current commercial immunoassays.
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY AND LABORATORY MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Medical Laboratory Technology
Mary Kathryn Bohn, Khosrow Adeli
Summary: Diagnosis, prognostication, and monitoring of maternal health during pregnancy relies on laboratory testing, but the importance of pregnancy-specific reference intervals for accurate interpretation of results is often overlooked. Further studies are urgently needed to establish trimester-specific reference intervals to improve the quality of maternal-fetal healthcare.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN CLINICAL LABORATORY SCIENCES
(2022)
Correction
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Rai Ajit K. Srivastava, Timothy R. Hurley, Daniela Oniciu, Khosrow Adeli, Roger S. Newton
NUTRITION METABOLISM AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Siobhan Wilson, Hannah Earle, Mary Kathryn Bohn, Alexandra Hall, Khosrow Adeli
Summary: This study established reference intervals for random glucose in pediatric population using two point-of-care (POC) instruments and compared their performance with a laboratory-based analyzer. The results showed significant differences in glucose concentrations during infancy and excellent concordance between the POC devices. The data obtained will improve clinical decision making in pediatric healthcare institutions.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED LABORATORY MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Allergy
Julia E. M. Upton, Jennifer A. Hoang, Matilde Leon-Ponte, Yaron Finkelstein, Yue (Jennifer) Du, Khosrow Adeli, Thomas Eiwegger, Eyal Grunebaum, Peter Vadas
Summary: This study found that decreased serum PAF-AH activity is a biomarker of severe anaphylaxis and levels of this enzyme do not change during acute anaphylaxis. The results suggest that PAF-AH may modulate susceptibility to severe anaphylaxis.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Nicole M. A. White-Al Habeeb, Victoria Higgins, Allison A. Venner, Dana Bailey, Daniel R. Beriault, Christine Collier, Khosrow Adeli
Summary: There is limited guidance on laboratory reporting and interpretation of lipids and lipoproteins used in cardiovascular risk stratification, leading to inconsistencies in lipid reporting across clinical laboratories. The Canadian Cardiovascular Society has published guidelines aligned with harmonized lipid reporting recommendations for improving standardization of lipid assessment and clinical decision-making.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Elisabeth M. Grande, Fitore Raka, Simon Hoffman, Khosrow Adeli
Summary: This study reports a novel role for neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS)-mediated nitric oxide (NO) generation in lipid uptake and chylomicron formation, which has important implications for postprandial dyslipidemia associated with insulin-resistant states such as obesity and type 2 diabetes.
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Mary Kathryn Bohn, Siobhan Wilson, Randal Schneider, Youssef Massamiri, Edward W. Randell, Khosrow Adeli
Summary: This study verified the performance of the Alinity i assays in clinical laboratory investigation of autoimmune, metabolic, and oncologic disorders in children and adolescents. It also confirmed the transferability of the pediatric reference intervals established in the CALIPER cohort for 16 specialized immunoassays from the ARCHITECT system to the Alinity system.
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY AND LABORATORY MEDICINE
(2023)
Letter
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Victoria Higgins, Nicole White-Al Habeeb, Khosrow Adeli
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Rainer Haeckel, Khosrow Adeli, Graham Jones, Ken Sikaris, Werner Wosniok
Summary: This paper proposes a general definition covering all indirect models currently in use. With the increasing popularity of indirect models, further partitioning strategies are necessary to minimize the risk of patients' false classifications. Indirect methods make these partitions much easier to execute compared to direct methods. The authors believe that the future of reference interval estimation lies in indirect models with big data pools from either one laboratory or combined from several regional centres.
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY AND LABORATORY MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Siobhan M. Wilson, Mary Kathryn Bohn, Andre Madsen, Thomas Hundhausen, Khosrow Adeli
Summary: This study establishes continuous reference percentiles for 14 biomarkers in a healthy pediatric population using the LMS model. The LMS-based approach improves test result interpretation, especially with repeated measures over time.
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY AND LABORATORY MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Medical Laboratory Technology
Pyper Olver, Mary Kathryn Bohn, Khosrow Adeli
Summary: Clinical laboratories play a vital role in the healthcare system. The International Federation for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (IFCC) has established a task force to support research on the role of laboratory medicine in clinical outcomes. This review discusses the contribution of laboratory medicine in diagnosing and managing heart diseases, sepsis, traumatic brain injury, and the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic.
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY AND LABORATORY MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Niloufar Abdollahian, Hamideh Ghazizadeh, Maryam Mohammadi-Bajgiran, Mehran Pashirzad, Mahdiyeh Yaghooti Khorasani, Mary Kathryn Bohn, Shannon Steele, Fatemeh Roudi, Atieh Kamel Khodabandeh, Sara Ghazi Zadeh, Iman Alami-Arani, Seyede Negin Badakhshan, Habibollah Esmaily, Gordon A. Ferns, Reza Assaran-Darban, Khosrow Adeli, Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan
Summary: Age-specific reference intervals for 7 laboratory biochemical parameters were determined in an Iranian pediatric population. These findings are valuable for the clinical interpretation of blood test results and disease management in this population.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Mary Kathryn Bohn, Siobhan Wilson, Shannon Steele, Khosrow Adeli
Summary: The current study aimed to establish pediatric reference intervals (RIs) for both common and novel hematology parameters on the Mindray BC-6800Plus system. Dynamic reference value distributions were observed for several parameters, emphasizing the complex biological patterns of hematology parameters in childhood, particularly at the onset of puberty. These findings support the need for age- and sex-specific RIs for appropriate clinical interpretation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LABORATORY HEMATOLOGY
(2023)
