Article
Anthropology
Robin B. Trayler, Pedro Valencia Landa, Sora L. Kim
Summary: This study investigated the timing and efficacy of mineral removal from bone and dentine using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and stable isotope analysis. The results showed that mineral removal is necessary due to the strong influence of structural carbonate on stable isotope compositions. Demineralization using weak acid (0.1 M HCL) did not alter the elemental and isotopic compositions of collagen. The methods used in this study can be used as a framework to evaluate the need for and efficacy of other demineralization methods.
JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sean P. Doherty, Michelle M. Alexander, Stuart Henderson, Jason Newton, Jonathan Finch, Matthew J. Collins
Summary: The character and timing of an 'Agricultural Revolution' in British agriculture between the sixteenth and nineteenth century remains a subject of debate. To address this, researchers conducted stable isotope analysis on 658 legal documents written on sheepskin parchment, providing a high temporal resolution analysis of changing agricultural practices and episodes of disease. The results suggest that if an 'Agricultural Revolution' occurred, it took place from the mid-nineteenth century, after the Napoleonic Wars.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alessandra Morrone, Mari Torv, Dario Piombino-Mascali, Tina Saupe, Holar Sepp, Heiki Valk, Martin Malve, Ester Oras
Summary: Studying infant diet and feeding practices through stable isotope analysis provides direct insight into the life and health of vulnerable population groups in the past. This study presents a comparative investigation of the staple non-adult diet in urban/rural communities during the 13(th)-17(th) centuries AD, with a special focus on feeding practices. Results suggest the impact of socio-economic circumstances on early childhood nutrition and reveal cultural traditions in child rearing.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Suzanne E. Pilaar Birch, Mary Metzger, Elizabeth Ridder, Steven Porson, Steven E. Falconer, Patricia L. Fall
Summary: The Bronze Age village of Politiko-Troullia in Cyprus had a diversified economy, including agriculture, animal husbandry, and copper metallurgy. Stable isotope analysis of bone collagen suggests that domesticated animals mainly fed on cultivated plants, while hunting wild deer and pigs supplemented the villagers' management of domesticated animals.
Review
Biology
Rachel E. B. Reid, Brooke Erin Crowley, Ryan J. Haupt
Summary: What can the stable isotope values of human and animal faeces tell us? This often under-appreciated waste product is gaining recognition across a variety of disciplines. Faecal isotopes provide a means of monitoring diet, resource partitioning, landscape use, tracking nutrient inputs and cycling, and reconstructing past climate and environment.
BIOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Quan Zhang, Yanfeng Hou, Xinwei Li, Amy Styring, Julia Lee-Thorp
Summary: Research shows that domestic pigs in Neolithic China primarily consumed millet, with an increasing trend of millet foddering throughout the Yangshao period. Evidence suggests close management of pigs by humans, indicating an intensification of Neolithic pig husbandry in the middle Yellow River region during this period.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ulle Aguraiuja-Latti, Mari Torv, Kerry L. Sayle, Lembi Lougas, Eve Rannamae, Freydis Ehrlich, Sander Nuut, Taavi Peeters, Ester Oras, Aivar Kriiska
Summary: This study establishes baselines for the dietary practices of past populations in the Eastern Baltic region using multi-isotopic analysis. The results show clear differences in carbon and sulfur isotopic values between marine and terrestrial species, while freshwater fish display overlaps with both ranges. Herbivores show variation in isotopic values based on region. This study provides valuable temporal and geographical references for studying local ecologies and interpreting human data.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
arny E. Sveinbjornsdottir, Jesper Olsen, Jan Heinemeier
Summary: In two forensic cases, radiocarbon (C-14) bomb-pulse dating of human bones was conducted using detailed models to correct for collagen-carbon turnover rates and reservoir effects. The study discusses the modeled corrections and compares the resulting C-14 ages with later information on birth and death. It is found that simple time lag corrections are not sufficient, but modeling based on age-dependent turnover rates and bomb-pulse levels combined with substantial reservoir age corrections can explain the observed C-14 results.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Qi Liu, Jian Zhou, Zhou Yang, Chuhai Xie, Yan Huang, Long Ling, Yanming Cao, Hailan Hu, Yue Hua
Summary: The study demonstrated that ginsenoside-Rb2 attenuates bone loss induced by KD and maintains biomechanical properties. This was achieved by inhibiting bone resorption and promoting osteogenic differentiation, suggesting ginsenoside as a potential option for KD-induced osteoporosis.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Christina Cheung, Teresa Fernandez-Crespo, Leia Mion, Marina Di Giusto, Gwenaelle Goude, Rebecca A. Macdonald, Michael P. Richards, Estelle Herrscher
Summary: This study compares two common sampling approaches for sequential sampling of human dentine and provides guidance for selecting the most suitable approach for specific research questions. The results show that the micro-punches approach is preferable for studies requiring fine temporal resolution, while the micro-slices approach is best for research requiring specific values or with poorly preserved samples.
RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alessandra Varalli, Jocelyne Desideri, Mireille David-Elbiali, Gwenaelle Goude, Matthieu Honegger, Marie Besse
Summary: The study aims to reconstruct human socio-economic systems in Switzerland during the Bronze Age through biochemical markers, revealing the intensification of soil fertilization and a human diet mainly composed of terrestrial resources.
Article
Ecology
Sam Leggett, Alice Rose, Estelle Praet, Petrus Le Roux
Summary: Human isotopic ecology aims to study humans as part of ecosystems, utilizing large datasets of biomolecular data to address the complexities of human ecology and past socioenvironmental dynamics. This multidisciplinary approach provides insights into diet, agriculture, climate change, human-animal interactions, mobility/migration, and more, enabling a greater understanding of human-environment interactions throughout history.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Carlo Cocozza, Enrico Cirelli, Marcus Gross, Wolf-Ruediger Teegen, Ricardo Fernandes
Summary: This article introduces a database called CIMA, which contains more than 50,000 isotopic measurements of bioarchaeological samples from medieval Europe. These measurements can be used to study various aspects of medieval Europe, such as human lifeways, paleo-environmental conditions, and agricultural practices. By integrating this large volume of isotopic data with other archaeological and historical data, our knowledge of medieval Europe can be greatly improved.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Wang Naihui, Brown Samantha, Ditchfield Peter, Hebestreit Sandra, Kozilikin Maxim, Luu Sindy, Wedage Oshan, Grimaldi Stefano, Chazan Michael, Horwitz Kolska Liora, Spriggs Matthew, Summerhayes Glenn, Shunkov Michael, Richter Korzow Kristine, Douka Katerina
Summary: This study compares three different ZooMS protocols and finds that acid-based methods can improve success rates for bones with low to medium collagen preservation, while the least-destructive protocol using ammonium bicarbonate buffer is suitable for well-preserved bones. By utilizing 0.26% N as a threshold, the number of samples with enough collagen for successful peptide mass fingerprinting can be optimized.
JOURNAL OF PROTEOMICS
(2021)
Article
Soil Science
Yunyun Zheng, Jian Jin, Xiaojuan Wang, Gary J. Clark, Caixian Tang
Summary: The availability of nitrogen (N) has been found to influence the mineralization of soil organic carbon (C), but its effect on the decomposition of native soil organic C induced by labile C input (i.e., priming effect) remains unclear. This study investigated the impact of N supply rates on the magnitude and direction of the priming effect, and how this interacted with soil layers differing in organic C content. The results showed that N addition increased the priming effect up to a certain level, and this effect was greater in the surface layer of topsoil compared to the subsurface layer. These findings highlight the susceptibility of soil organic C to loss through N-enhanced priming.
SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Legal
Chiara Villa, Daniel Gaudio, Cristina Cattaneo, Jo Buckberry, Andrew S. Wilson, Niels Lynnerup
JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES
(2015)
Article
Medicine, Legal
Eline M. J. Schotsmans, John Denton, Jessica Dekeirsschieter, Tatiana Ivaneanu, Sarah Leentjes, Rob C. Janaway, Andrew S. Wilson
FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL
(2012)
Article
Medicine, Legal
Eline M. J. Schotsmans, Jonathan N. Fletcher, John Denton, Robert C. Janaway, Andrew S. Wilson
FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL
(2014)
Article
Medicine, Legal
Eline M. J. Schotsmans, John Denton, Jonathan N. Fletcher, Robert C. Janaway, Andrew S. Wilson
FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL
(2014)
Article
Anthropology
Bethany L. Turner, Molly K. Zuckerman, Evan M. Garofalo, Andrew Wilson, George D. Kamenov, David R. Hunt, Tsend Amgalantugs, Bruno Frohlich
JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE
(2012)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Catherine Brasseur, Jessica Dekeirsschieter, Eline M. J. Schotsmans, Sjaak de Koning, Andrew S. Wilson, Eric Haubruge, Jean-Francois Focant
JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
(2012)
Article
Spectroscopy
Eline M. J. Schotsmans, Andrew S. Wilson, Rhea Brettell, Tasnim Munshi, Howell G. M. Edwards
JOURNAL OF RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY
(2014)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Aimee Little, Benjamin Elliott, Chantal Conneller, Diederik Pomstra, Adrian A. Evans, Laura C. Fitton, Andrew Holland, Robert Davis, Rachel Kershaw, Sonia O'Connor, Terry O'Connor, Thomas Sparrow, Andrew S. Wilson, Peter Jordan, Matthew J. Collins, Andre Carlo Colonese, Oliver E. Craig, Rebecca Knight, Alexandre J. A. Lucquin, Barry Taylor, Nicky Milner
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Glendon J. Parker, Tami Leppert, Deon S. Anex, Jonathan K. Hilmer, Nori Matsunami, Lisa Baird, Jeffery Stevens, Krishna Parsawar, Blythe P. Durbin-Johnson, David M. Rocke, Chad Nelson, Daniel J. Fairbanks, Andrew S. Wilson, Robert H. Rice, Scott R. Woodward, Brian Bothner, Bradley R. Hart, Mark Leppert
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Andrew S. Wilson, Emma L. Brown, Chiara Villa, Niels Lynnerup, Andrew Healey, Maria Constanza Ceruti, Johan Reinhard, Carlos H. Previgliano, Facundo Arias Araoz, Josefina Gonzalez Diez, Timothy Taylor
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2013)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Karin Margarita Frei, Ulla Mannering, Kristian Kristiansen, Morten E. Allentoft, Andrew S. Wilson, Irene Skals, Silvana Tridico, Marie Louise Nosch, Eske Willerslev, Leon Clarke, Robert Frei
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2015)
Article
Archaeology
Eline M. J. Schotsmans, Katrien Van de Vijver, Andrew S. Wilson, Dominique Castex
JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE-REPORTS
(2015)