Review
Immunology
Jia Li, Yuling Huang, Haiyan Sun, Lina Yang
Summary: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from multiple tissues have the capability of multidirectional differentiation and self-renewal, and their derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) may have a real role to play in treating age-related diseases. The review focuses on the biological characteristics of MSCs and exosomes, their mechanisms in treating age-related diseases, current trials, ongoing clinical trials, and the prospects and challenges for the future use of exosomes in disease treatment.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Denes Toth, Dora Reglodi, Lili Schwieters, Andrea Tamas
Summary: Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a conserved neuropeptide with diverse anti-aging effects, including anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant action. It has potential as a diagnostic/prognostic biomarker in age-related diseases based on studies showing changes in its levels in different pathological conditions associated with aging. The aim of this review is to summarize and highlight the potential clinical fields for further investigation of PACAP as a diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarker in age-related diseases.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Guadalupe Elizabeth Jimenez Gutierrez, Fabiola V. Borbolla Jimenez, Luis G. Munoz, Yessica Sarai Tapia Guerrero, Nadia Mireya Murillo Melo, Jose Melesio Cristobal-Luna, Norberto Leyva Garcia, Joaquin Cordero-Martinez, Jonathan J. Magana
Summary: Polyamines are short molecules with two or three amine groups that play an important role in age-related diseases. This review provides a new perspective on the involvement of polyamines in cellular and molecular processes related to these diseases, suggesting their potential as novel biomarkers for healthier aging.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Chouari Zhor, Lounis Wafaa, Imen Ghzaiel, Khadidja Kessas, Amira Zarrouk, Mohamed Ksila, Taoufik Ghrairi, Norbert Latruffe, Olfa Masmoudi-Kouki, Adil El Midaoui, Dominique Vervandier-Fasseur, Mohamed Hammami, Gerard Lizard, Anne Vejux, Omar Kharoubi
Summary: Aging leads to the deterioration of cellular functions and increases the risk of age-related diseases. Cardiovascular diseases, some neurological disorders, and cancers are among the diseases that affect lifespan and are associated with accumulated cellular damage and reduced stress response pathways. Inflammation and oxidative stress, key factors in the aging process, result from these processes. Edible plants have gained interest for their potential therapeutic effects in preventing age-related diseases. The beneficial effects of these foods are attributed, in part, to their high concentration of bioactive phenolic compounds, particularly antioxidants, which are associated with slower aging. Human dietary intervention studies strongly support the protective role of polyphenol supplementation in preventing age-related diseases.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yao Tian, Yuanliangzi Tian, Zhixiao Yuan, Yutian Zeng, Shuai Wang, Xiaolan Fan, Deying Yang, Mingyao Yang
Summary: This review discusses the role of iron metabolism in aging and age-related neurodegenerative diseases, as well as recent developments in using iron chelators as treatment strategies. Understanding iron metabolism is crucial for filling the knowledge gap in this field.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Phaniendra Alugoju, V. K. D. Krishna Swamy, Naga Venkata Anusha Anthikapalli, Tewin Tencomnao
Summary: The translation section discusses the impact of age-related diseases on societal and healthcare expenditure, as well as the importance of anti-aging strategies. It then lists the various protective effects of astaxanthin, covering multiple organs and diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, bone-related diseases, cancers, cardiovascular disorders, diabetes-associated complications, eye disorders, gastric disorders, kidney disorders, liver diseases, pulmonary disorders, muscle disorders, and skin diseases.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ivona Maria Tudorancea, Mitica Ciorpac, Gabriela Dumitrita Stanciu, Catalin Caratasu, Alina Sacarescu, Bogdan Ignat, Alexandra Burlui, Elena Rezus, Ioana Creanga, Teodora Alexa-Stratulat, Ionut Tudorancea, Bogdan Ionel Tamba
Summary: The endocannabinoid system (ECS) plays a significant role in regulating various aspects of mammalian physiology and has potential therapeutic effects in age-related diseases. This comprehensive review explores the complex interaction between the cannabinoid system (CS) and neurodegenerative, oncological, skeletal, and cardiovascular disorders, highlighting the potential of cannabinoids to ameliorate these conditions. The role of the ECS in improving aging-associated immune system dysregulation is also discussed.
Review
Cell Biology
Zhidan Zhang, Yuling Huang, AYao Guo, Lina Yang
Summary: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of single-stranded endogenous closed circular RNAs, lacking poly(A) tail and cap structure, and connected by covalent bonds. They have diverse functions in transcriptional control and protein translation, and play important roles in cell senescence, individual aging, and age-related diseases. This review summarizes recent studies on circRNAs, including biosynthesis mechanisms, classification, expression, biomedical functions, associations with aging and age-related diseases, and potential clinical applications. It provides a theoretical basis for exploring the molecular biological mechanisms of aging, using circRNA as a therapeutic target to delay aging, and finding therapeutic strategies for age-related diseases.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Xiaohan Zhang, Mi Zhang, Yuan Zhang, Ming Zhong, Xin Zhang, Yinzhi Cao, Min Yang
Summary: Learning-based malware detectors face the challenge of model aging, where the effectiveness of models drops as malware variants evolve. Existing methods label and retrain the models, but require excessive costs. This article proposes APIGraph, which captures the intrinsic semantics of malware variants from the feature space to slow down model aging. Experiments show that APIGraph reduces model aging by 5.9% to 19.6% and labeling efforts by 33.07% to 96.30% compared to data-perspective methods.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON DEPENDABLE AND SECURE COMPUTING
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Haktan Bagis Erdem, Taha Bahsi, Mehmet Ali Ergun
Summary: Telomeres are specialized non-coding DNA repeat sequences that play a crucial role in maintaining genome integrity. Short telomeres have been associated with age-related diseases, but factors influencing telomere length are not well understood. Future research is expected to lead to clinical applications of telomere length analysis.
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Ya Yuan, Jiamei Li, Zhi He, Xiaolan Fan, Xueping Mao, Mingyao Yang, Deying Yang
Summary: tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs) are non-coding RNAs produced via tRNA cleavage, with lengths of 14 to 50 nucleotides, originating from precursor tRNAs or mature tRNAs. They are not randomly generated but through specific mechanisms, detectable in model organisms of different ages and associated with age-related diseases in humans. This literature review summarizes the origin, classification, and regulatory mechanisms of tRFs, as well as describing available databases and research techniques, laying the groundwork for exploring tRFs as biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of aging and age-related diseases.
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Lina Sun, Lingyan Wang, Kaisy Xinhong Ye, Shoushi Wang, Rui Zhang, Zhaodong Juan, Lei Feng, Su Min
Summary: The worldwide aging population brings burdens to patients, families, and society due to the increased risk of chronic diseases. The vascular system's aging is closely related to the development of age-related diseases. Endothelial glycocalyx, a layer of proteoglycan polymers on blood vessel surfaces, plays a crucial role in maintaining vascular homeostasis and protecting organ functions. The loss of endothelial glycocalyx through aging can be alleviated by repairing it, potentially serving as a therapeutic target for aging and age-related diseases and promoting healthy aging and longevity.
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Haoxiang Xiao, Yuqiao Xie, Kaiwen Xi, Jinyi Xie, Mingyue Liu, Yangming Zhang, Zishuo Cheng, Wenting Wang, Baolin Guo, Shengxi Wu
Summary: Aging leads to functional declines and impairments in numerous physiological processes, resulting in fibrosis and neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). Mitochondrial sirtuins (SIRT3-5) play a crucial role in regulating mitochondrial function and have been shown to provide protection against fibrosis and NDs. SIRT3-5 are emerging as promising therapeutic targets for antifibrotic therapies and the treatment of NDs. This review highlights recent advances in understanding the role of SIRT3-5 in fibrosis and NDs and discusses their potential as therapeutic targets.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Despoina E. Kiousi, Antonia Z. Kouroutzidou, Konstantinos Neanidis, Dimitrios Matthaios, Aglaia Pappa, Alex Galanis
Summary: Scientific advancements have increased human lifespan, but the health span of the aging population has not improved accordingly. Aging is a major risk factor for multimorbidity, resulting from loss of homeostasis, immunological and stem cell exhaustion, and heightened inflammation responses. Age-related diseases include neurodegenerative, musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, metabolic diseases and cancer. Targeting the shared biological basis of these diseases using probiotics may offer a viable alternative to manage age-related diseases. Safety and efficacy concerns, as well as the limitations of current clinical studies, are discussed in this article.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Maja Milosevic, Aleksandra Arsic, Zorica Cvetkovic, Vesna Vucic
Summary: Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's primarily affect the elderly population and are closely linked to genetics, environmental factors, and oxidative stress. Regular exercise, healthy diet, and the Mediterranean diet can help prevent and slow down the progression of neurodegenerative diseases.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2021)
