Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Jing Wei, Jinyu Mu, Yong Tang, Dalian Qin, Junguo Duan, Anguo Wu
Summary: This review investigates the potential of advanced nanomaterials in revolutionizing ocular anti-inflammatory drug interventions. It explores different categories of nanomaterials and their unique properties for drug delivery, while also discussing the challenges and advantages of these systems. The review emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary collaborations in advancing this field.
JOURNAL OF NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Ophthalmology
Sean Ming Sheng Ng, Rebecca Low, Clara Pak, SerSei Lai, Bernett Lee, Peter McCluskey, Richard Symes, Alessandro Invernizzi, Edmund Tsui, Ranju Kharel Sitaula, Muna Kharel, Anadi Khatri, Anna Nur Utami, Rina La Distia Nora, Ikhwanuliman Putera, Alok Sen, Manisha Agarwal, Padmamalini H. Mahendradas, Jyotirmay Biswas, Carlos Pavesio, Luca Cimino, Lucia Sobrin, John Kempen, Vishali Gupta, Rupesh Agrawal
Summary: In the current literature, there is a lack of clinical registry cohorts related to ocular inflammation, especially those involving multinational data. Existing registries are limited in scope and may not provide robust data for prognostication or epidemiological conclusions in the field of uveitis. To address this, the Ocular Autoimmune Systemic Inflammatory Infectious Study (OASIS) Clinical Registry has been developed. OASIS collects comprehensive clinical data from patients with ocular inflammatory conditions worldwide, aiming to create a well-organized dataset for analysis and various applications such as epidemiological analysis and treatment guidelines development.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Martina Crepaldi, Daria Maniero, Alessandro Massano, Margherita Pavanato, Brigida Barberio, Edoardo Vincenzo Savarino, Fabiana Zingone
Summary: There is no consensus on the recommended duration of and optimal time to stop azathioprine (AZA) therapy in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This study analyzed data from IBD patients who discontinued AZA therapy and found that the timing of cessation and stopping point can affect the risk of disease relapse.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Woohyun Park, Van Phuc Nguyen, Yale Jeon, Bongjoong Kim, Yanxiu Li, Jonghun Yi, Hyungjun Kim, Jung Woo Leem, Young L. Kim, Dong Rip Kim, Yannis M. Paulus, Chi Hwan Lee
Summary: This article introduces a unique platform for ocular drug delivery, which integrates silicon nanoneedles with tear-soluble contact lenses. The platform enables painless and long-term sustained delivery of ocular drugs, and has shown effectiveness in treating chronic ocular diseases.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Fabio Castellano, Giovanni Alessio, Carmela Palmisano
Summary: Inflammatory bowel diseases can lead to ocular manifestations, with uveitis and episcleritis being the most common. Treatment of these ocular manifestations can be successfully achieved through topical and oral steroids, as well as underlying therapy for IBD. Interdisciplinary cooperation is essential to prevent the possible consequences of untreated extraintestinal manifestations, especially ocular ones.
MINERVA GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Aline C. Ribeiro, Pamela S. A. S. Gerheim, Julio Maria Fonseca Chebli, Jorge Willian L. Nascimento, Priscila de Faria Pinto
Summary: This study examines the use of thiopurines for treating inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and the influence of genetic polymorphisms in the enzyme TPMT on therapeutic response and adverse effects. It suggests that patients with reduced TPMT activity are more prone to adverse reactions and proposes therapeutic monitoring of metabolite levels for optimizing treatment. Genotyping for TPMT is recommended to tailor dosing strategies and enhance treatment efficacy while minimizing myelosuppression. The study emphasizes the importance of considering genetic variations and metabolite levels in personalized thiopurine therapy for IBD patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Eduardo Anitua, Maria de la Fuente, Jesus Merayo-Lloves, Francisco Muruzabal
Summary: The main purpose of this study was to develop an immunosafe fibrin membrane with improved mechanical properties for patients with inflammatory ocular diseases. The PRGF obtained from healthy donors was divided into two groups and analyzed for growth factors, complement activity, and biological activity on ocular surface cells. The results showed that IS5+30 reduced complement activity, decreased IgE levels, and preserved the concentration and biological activity of growth factors. Additionally, the physical and mechanical properties of the fibrin membrane were maintained after heat inactivation.
BIOENGINEERING-BASEL
(2022)
Review
Dermatology
Lamia S. Al Akrash, Mohammad A. Al Semari, Ruaa Al Harithy
Summary: This review article focuses on ocular manifestations of dermatological diseases, summarizing common and significant findings in infectious and inflammatory skin disorders and providing appropriate referral recommendations to ophthalmology.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mahmoud Mostafa, Adel Al Fatease, Raid G. Alany, Hamdy Abdelkader
Summary: Chronic ocular diseases have a significant impact on vision and the potential to cause blindness. Developing sophisticated, long-acting drug delivery systems is crucial for treating these conditions. This review explores non-invasive drug delivery nanocarriers that can control chronic eye disorders, although most are still in preclinical or clinical stages.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Debbie S. Deben, Rob H. Creemers, Arjan J. van Adrichem, Roosmarie Drent, Audrey H. H. Merry, Mathie P. G. Leers, Adriaan A. van Bodegraven, Dennis R. Wong
Summary: This study aimed to investigate whether protein levels of Rac1 and pSTAT3 in T lymphocytes can serve as specific pharmacodynamic markers for thiopurine therapy in IBD patients. The results showed that the ratio of Rac1 and pSTAT3 protein levels was lower in the thiopurine treatment groups, indicating potential predictive value for therapeutic effectiveness in IBD patients receiving thiopurine monotherapy.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Andrea Cassinotti, Alberto Corona, Piergiorgio Duca, Manuela Nebuloni, Giovanni Maconi, Paolo Fociani, Sandro Ardizzone
Summary: More than half of UC patients and one-third of CD patients relapse after AZA withdrawal despite previous deep remission. FC positivity is associated with high risk of relapse, allowing early correction of the therapeutic strategy.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Xiaojun Wang, Fuxiao Luan, Hua Yue, Cui Song, Shuang Wang, Jing Feng, Xiao Zhang, Wei Yang, Yuxin Li, Wei Wei, Yong Tao
Summary: Due to the complexity of ocular diseases and the natural ocular barriers, drug therapy for these diseases has limitations. With the development of biotechnology, smart materials have been widely tested to treat ocular diseases. This review analyzes recent developments in smart materials and discusses future directions for clinical translation.
ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
W. Cui, Y. Wang, C. Luo, J. Xu, K. Wang, H. Han, K. Yao
Summary: Nanoceria, a nanozyme with unique auto-regenerative antioxidant capacity, shows potential in managing oxidative stress-related ocular diseases and delivering drugs to ocular tissues. This review discusses recent advances and the importance of surface modification in enhancing the safety and targeting properties of nanoceria.
MATERIALS TODAY NANO
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xinyu Liu, Zhongxing Chen, Jieyi Bai, Xin Li, Xin Chen, Zheng Li, Hongxian Pan, Siheng Li, Qingyi Gao, Nan Zhao, Aodong Chen, Huilin Xu, Yinuo Wen, Lan Du, Mei Yang, Xingtao Zhou, Jinhai Huang
Summary: In this study, multifunctional hydrogel eye drops were developed for the synergistic treatment of uveitis. These eye drops offer improved ocular bioavailability and unexpected anti-inflammatory efficacy. By mitigating the ophthalmic inflammatory reaction and suppressing inflammatory cytokines, the eye drops demonstrated superior efficacy in treating endotoxin-induced uveitis.
Review
Immunology
Lydia J. Bradley, Amy Ward, Madeleine C. Y. Hsue, Jian Liu, David A. Copland, Andrew D. Dick, Lindsay B. Nicholson
Summary: Ocular inflammation imposes significant burden on patients and healthcare systems, with classification of uveitis severity remaining a challenge. Experimental autoimmune uveitis models can replicate clinical features and provide insights into tissue changes, offering potential for new approaches to monitoring tissue health with modern image processing techniques.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Rupesh Agrawal, Ilaria Testi, Cecilia S. Lee, Edmund Tsui, Marian Blazes, Jennifer E. Thorne, Annabelle A. Okada, Justine R. Smith, Peter J. McCluskey, John H. Kempen, Christoph Tappeiner, Manisha Agarwal, Bahram Bodaghi, Quan Dong Nguyen, Vishali Gupta, Marc D. De Smet, Manfred Zierhut, Carlos Pavesio
Summary: International uveitis experts conducted a survey and developed consensus guidelines on the use of IMT in patients with NIU during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results showed a highest consensus on not initiating IMT in patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19, and prioritizing local corticosteroid therapy in high-risk and very high-risk patients for severe or fatal COVID-19.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Rupesh Agrawal, Ilaria Testi, Baharam Bodaghi, Talin Barisani-Asenbauer, Peter McCluskey, Aniruddha Agarwal, John H. Kempen, Amod Gupta, Justine R. Smith, Marc D. de Smet, Yew Sen Yuen, Sarakshi Mahajan, Onn Min Kon, Quan Dong Nguyen, Carlos Pavesio, Vishali Gupta
Summary: The Collaborative Ocular Tuberculosis Study (COTS), supported by international organizations, established expert-led consensus project to develop evidence- and experience-based guidelines for the management of tubercular uveitis (TBU). The study results indicate that experts unanimously agree to initiate anti-tuberculosis therapy in patients with TBU under specific circumstances.
Review
Ophthalmology
Bjorn Kaijun Betzler, Dinesh Visva Gunasekeran, John Kempen, Justine R. Smith, Peter McCluskey, Quan Dong Nguyen, Carlos Pavesio, Vishali Gupta, Rupesh Agrawal
Summary: Ocular involvement in tuberculosis presents challenges such as diagnostic uncertainty, heterogeneous presentations, limitations in laboratory tools, and non-uniform treatment guidelines. Recent advancements in scientific and clinical knowledge, particularly in tuberculosis-endemic countries, have helped improve understanding and experience with this condition. Future research in ocular tuberculosis may benefit from new technologies like artificial intelligence and proteomics to address issues such as standardized nomenclature and treatment guidelines.
OCULAR IMMUNOLOGY AND INFLAMMATION
(2022)
Article
Ethics
Georgina D. Campelia, Hilkiah K. Suga, John H. Kempen, James N. Kirkpatrick, Nancy S. Jecker
Summary: During the COVID-19 pandemic, hospital policies aimed at reducing the risk of virus transmission have had adverse effects on underserved communities.
DEVELOPING WORLD BIOETHICS
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Sanil Joseph, Renu P. Rajan, Balagiri Sundar, Soundarya Venkatachalam, John H. Kempen, Ramasamy Kim
Summary: The purpose of this study was to validate the fundus image grading results for detecting diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic macular oedema (DMO) by a trained grader (Non-ophthalmologist) and an ophthalmologist grader against a fundus examination by a retina specialist. The results demonstrated that the fundus image grading performed by a trained non-ophthalmologist was comparable with the grading by an ophthalmologist.
Article
Ophthalmology
Rupesh Agrawal, Zhang Ludi, Bjorn K. Betzler, Ilaria Testi, Sarakshi Mahajan, Andres Rousellot, John H. Kempen, Justine R. Smith, Peter McCluskey, Quan Dong Nguyen, Carlos Pavesio, Vishali Gupta
Summary: The COTS Calculator is an online clinical scoring system that guides the initiation of antitubercular therapy (ATT) in patients with ocular tuberculosis. Derived from expert consensus data, the calculator provides guidance on whether to initiate ATT based on different clinical scenarios. It is a convenient, low-cost tool with the potential to improve standard-of-care for ocular tuberculosis patients.
Article
Ophthalmology
Nicholas J. Butler, Devin Cohen, Yinxi Yu, John H. Kempen, Lucia Sobrin, Brian L. VanderBeek
Summary: Currently, there is limited knowledge about bone health surveillance and baseline risks of skeletal fragility outcomes for glucocorticoid-exposed non-infectious uveitis (NIU) patients. Using claims data, the study found that NIU patients are 36% less likely to receive dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) screening compared to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. Furthermore, NIU patients did not show an elevated risk of osteoporosis compared to normal controls, while RA patients had an increased risk.
OCULAR IMMUNOLOGY AND INFLAMMATION
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Nisha R. Acharya, Albert T. Vitale, Elizabeth A. Sugar, Janet T. Holbrook, Alyce E. Burke, Jennifer E. Thorne, Michael M. Altaweel, John H. Kempen, Douglas A. Jabs
Summary: This study evaluated the effectiveness of three different intravitreal treatments for persistent or recurrent uveitic macular edema. The results showed that dexamethasone was more effective than methotrexate or ranibizumab in treating uveitic macular edema. However, there was a risk of increased intraocular pressure with dexamethasone treatment.
Article
Ophthalmology
Douglas A. Jabs, Elizabeth A. Sugar, Alyce E. Burke, Michael M. Altaweel, James P. Dunn, Sapna Gangaputra, John H. Kempen, Kathryn L. Pepple, Richard J. Stawell, Janet T. Holbrook
Summary: This study evaluated the rate of cataract surgery, risk factors, and outcomes in patients with intermediate, posterior, and panuveitis treated with systemic corticosteroids and immunosuppression. The results showed a substantial long-term risk of cataract surgery in these patients. Visual acuity outcomes after cataract surgery were generally good.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Zheng Xian Thng, Ikhwanuliman R. Putera, Ilaria Testi, Kevin Chan, Mark Westcott, Soon-Phaik Chee, Andrew Dick, John I. Kempen, Bahram Bodaghi, Jennifer Thorne, Talin Barisani-Asenbauer, Marc W. de Smet, Justine Smith, Peter McCluskey, Rina La Distia Nora, Douglas Jabs, Joke de Boer, H. Nida Sen, Debra Goldstein, Moncef Khairallah, Janet Davis, James Rosenbaum, Nicholas Jones, Quan Dong Nguyen, Carlos Pavesio, Rupesh Agrawal, Vishali Gupta
Summary: This study presents current expert practice patterns and formulates a consensus for the management of HSV and VZV anterior uveitis (AU) worldwide. A survey was conducted among uveitis experts from multiple countries, and consensus guidelines were developed based on the responses. The study identified specific characteristics for HSV and VZV AU and recommended treatment options.
Article
Ophthalmology
Zheng Xian R. Thng, Ikhwanuliman Putera, Ilaria Testi, Kevin P. Chan, Mark Westcott, Soon-Phaik Chee, Andrew Dick, John I. Kempen, Bahram Bodaghi, Jennifer Thorne, Talin Barisani-Asenbauer, Marc W. de Smet, Justine Smith, Peter S. McCluskey, Rina La Distia Nora, Douglas Jabs, Joke de Boer, H. Nida Sen, Debra Goldstein, Moncef Khairallah, Janet Davis, James Rosenbaum, Nicholas Jones, Quan Dong Nguyen, Carlos Pavesio, Rupesh Agrawal, Vishali Gupta
Summary: This study aimed to present the current practice patterns in the diagnosis and management of CMV AU by uveitis experts worldwide. The results showed that there is considerable variation in diagnostic approaches and preferred management of CMV AU among experts. However, there was consensus on performing diagnostic aqueous tap and starting topical antiviral treatment.
Article
Ophthalmology
William Rojas-Carabali, Carlos Cifuentes-Gonzalez, Xin Wei, Ikhwanuliman Putera, Alok Sen, Zheng Xian Thng, Rajdeep Agrawal, Tobias Elze, Lucia Sobrin, John H. Kempen, Bernett Lee, Jyotirmay Biswas, Quan Dong Nguyen, Vishali Gupta, Alejandra de-la-Torre, Rupesh Agrawal
Summary: This study evaluates the performance of an AI-based chatbot in the diagnosis and management of uveitis, showing that ophthalmologists outperformed the AI in diagnostic accuracy, although the AI showed some improvement. There was a moderate agreement between ophthalmologists and AI in diagnosis and treatment plans.
OCULAR IMMUNOLOGY AND INFLAMMATION
(2023)
Review
Ophthalmology
Zheting Zhang, Konstadina Griva, William Rojas-Carabali, Gazal Patnaik, Renee Liu, Lucia Sobrin, John H. Kempen, Robert P. Finger, Vishali Gupta, Bryan Ang, Rupesh Agrawal
Summary: This review summarizes the existing tools for evaluating psychosocial well-being and/or QOL in patients with uveitis, explores the biological and non-biological factors affecting psychosocial well-being and/or QOL, and proposes future directions for incorporating these tools into clinical practice.
OCULAR IMMUNOLOGY AND INFLAMMATION
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
William Rojas-Carabali, Alok Sen, Aniruddha Agarwal, Gavin Tan, Carol Y. Cheung, Andres Rousselot, Rajdeep Agrawal, Renee Liu, Carlos Cifuentes-Gonzalez, Tobias Elze, John H. Kempen, Lucia Sobrin, Quan Dong Nguyen, Alejandra de-la-Torre, Bernett Lee, Vishali Gupta, Rupesh Agrawal
Summary: ChatGPT demonstrated promising diagnostic capabilities in uveitis cases, and ophthalmologists showed enthusiasm for the integration of artificial intelligence into clinical practice.
OCULAR IMMUNOLOGY AND INFLAMMATION
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
John H. Kempen, Craig W. Newcomb, Terri L. Washington, C. Stephen Foster, Lucia Sobrin, Jennifer E. Thorne, Douglas A. Jabs, Eric B. Suhler, James T. Rosenbaum, H. Nida Sen, Grace A. Levy-Clarke, Robert B. Nussenblatt, Nirali P. Bhatt, Careen Y. Lowder, Debra A. Goldstein, Yannek I. Leiderman, Nisha R. Acharya, Gary N. Holland, Russell W. Read, James P. Dunn, Kurt A. Dreger, Pichaporn Artornsombudh, Hosne A. Begum, Tonetta D. Fitzgerald, Srishti Kothari, Abhishek R. Payal, Ebenezer Daniel, Sapna S. Gangaputra, R. Oktay Kacmaz, Teresa L. Liesegang, Siddharth S. Pujari, Naira Khachatryan, Armin Maghsoudlou, Hilkiah K. Suga, Clara M. Pak, Kathy J. Helzlsouer, Jeanine M. Buchanich
Summary: This retrospective cohort study aimed to determine the incidence of all-cause and cancer mortality in patients receiving immunosuppression for ocular inflammatory disease. The study found that commonly used immunosuppressants were not associated with increased overall and cancer mortality.
Editorial Material
Ophthalmology
David Cui, Ian J. Saldanha, Gavin Li, Priya M. Mathews, Michael X. Lin, Esen K. Akpek
Summary: This article reports on the heterogeneity in methodology of clinical trials submitted to the US Food and Drug Administration for approval of topical dry eye treatments. Multiple outcome measures were used in these trials, highlighting the need for standardized assessment tools to optimize the evaluation and comparison of therapeutic benefits.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Ophthalmology
Adanna Udeh, Dana Huh, Terri Young, O'rese Knight, Fasika Woreta
Summary: This study examines the rates and trends of faculty promotions within the field of ophthalmology, with a focus on the rates of promotion among underrepresented in medicine (URiM) faculty. The results show that Black faculty had lower promotion rates and were more likely to leave academic medicine, highlighting the need for strategies and policies to address equity in promotion rates and retention of URiM faculty in academic ophthalmology.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Ophthalmology
Ursula Greferath, Erica Fletcher, Judy Savige, Heather G. Mack
Summary: Retinal drusen are uncommon in IgA nephropathy, but they resemble drusen found in age-related macular degeneration. The IgA-staining deposits in the drusen are likely related to systemic deposition of IgA. The nature of cystic spaces in the drusen is still unknown. Further research on the retinas of people with glomerulonephritis is recommended.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Ophthalmology
Andrew Mihalache, Ryan S. Huang, Nikhil S. Patil, Marko M. Popovic, Ashwin Mallipatna, Peter J. Kertes, Rajeev H. Muni, Radha P. Kohly
Summary: This study examines sociodemographic predictors of poor vision in children and adolescents in the US. The findings suggest that factors such as affordability of medical care, public health insurance, age, and parental education level are associated with vision difficulty. Addressing these disparities through public health policies is crucial for achieving equity in vision health.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Ophthalmology
Johannes Birtel, Richard Caswell, Samantha R. De Silva, Philipp Herrmann, Salwah Rehman, Andrew J. Lotery, Omar A. Mahroo, Michel Michaelides, Andrew R. Webster, Robert E. Maclaren, Peter Charbel Issa
Summary: The study investigated the phenotype, variability, and penetrance of IMPG2-related maculopathy. The results showed that mono-allelic IMPG2 variants could result in haploinsufficiency manifesting as a maculopathy with variable penetrance and expressivity. Family members of patients with IMPG2-related retinitis pigmentosa may also present with vitelliform lesions. The maculopathy is usually limited to the fovea and is associated with moderate visual impairment.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Ophthalmology
Colas Nils Authie, Mylene Poujade, Alireza Talebi, Alexis Defer, Ariel Zenouda, Cecilia Coen, Saddek Mohand-Said, Philippe Chaumet-Riffaud, Isabelle Audo, Jose-Alain Sahel
Summary: MOST has been validated as a reliable mobility test for measuring the movement ability of patients with vision impairments in both real and virtual environments.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Ophthalmology
Maria Krisch, Jordan Ueberroth, Neha Gupta, Stephen Merriam, Mark p. Breazzano
Summary: Orbeez-related ocular trauma can lead to severe visual morbidity and various intraocular sequelae. Adolescents may be at higher risk for posterior segment complications. Elevated IOP and hyphema at initial presentation may indicate a need for more aggressive interventions.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Ophthalmology
Jaron Pruett, Kelly Ruland, Sean Donahue
Summary: The study aimed to validate or refute the hypothesis that infants with birthweight over 750 g and gestational age over 27 weeks, who did not have retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) at 37 weeks, would not develop treatable ROP. The findings of the study supported the termination of examination at 37 weeks in infants meeting these criteria, as the value of continued screening was minimal.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Ophthalmology
Emily Sun, Jing Tian, Loaah Eltemsah, Divya Srikumaran, Grace Sun, Jessica Chow, Fasika Woreta
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the research productivity of ophthalmology residency applicants and identify differences in productivity based on gender and race. The findings reveal that women have similar or higher research outputs compared to men, while self-identified underrepresented in medicine (URiM) students have lower research outputs in ophthalmology. Therefore, greater mentorship and support for URiM students are needed to promote the recruitment of diverse trainees in ophthalmology programs.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Ophthalmology
Isaac A. Bernstein, Ann Caroline Fisher, Kuldev Singh, Sophia Y. Wang
Summary: This study aims to investigate the association between visual field loss and frailty in a nationally representative cohort of US adults.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2024)