Article
Immunology
Andraz Dolar, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Damjana Drobne
Summary: This study describes the dynamics of the innate immune response of the terrestrial crustacean Porcellio scaber to injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The results indicate that the innate immune system successfully protects P. scaber from the deleterious effects of LPS challenge. These findings emphasize the importance of considering the dynamics of innate immune responses in studies examining the effects of infections, pollutants, or environmental changes.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Annemieke M. Peters van Ton, Guus P. Leijte, Gerben M. Franssen, Niklas Bruse, Jan Booij, Janine Doorduin, Mark Rijpkema, Matthijs Kox, Wilson F. Abdo, Peter Pickkers
Summary: This study investigated the trajectory of the immune response systemically and within the brain following repeated LPS challenges in healthy volunteers. The results showed that while the first LPS challenge induced systemic and cerebral inflammation, the second challenge led to a decrease in cerebral inflammation below baseline levels, indicating a neuroprotective mechanism of in vivo immunological reprogramming in the brain. These findings suggest further studies on immunotolerance in patients with systemic inflammation-induced cerebral dysfunction.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Matheus F. Viola, L. Gerardo M. Herrera, Ariovaldo P. da Cruz-Neto
Summary: The acute phase response (APR) is a core component of the innate immune response. This study used Neotropical fruit-eating bats as a model organism to investigate the effects of LPS dose and injection timing on the APR. The results showed that higher LPS doses led to a more significant decrease in food intake during the active period, and an increase in neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio was more pronounced during the active period regardless of dose. Additionally, the increase in skin temperature lasted longer at higher doses regardless of injection timing.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Malene Hove-Skovsgaard, Dina Leth Moller, Annemette Hald, Jan Gerstoft, Jens Lundgren, Sisse Rye Ostrowski, Susanne Dam Nielsen
Summary: Impairment of the innate immune function is common in people with HIV, especially those with low CD4+ T-cell count. Combinational antiretroviral therapy can improve the innate immune response, but some level of impairment remains.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Ruiting Shi, Huijun Liu, Pingping Tan, Zhichao Hu, Yaoying Ma, Minxiu Ye, Yue Gu, Yue Wang, Ting Ye, Yiming Gu, Xu Lu, Chao Huang
Summary: Anxiety is a common psychological disease, and finding methods to prevent anxiety attacks is crucial. This study found that pre-stimulation of the innate immune system can prevent the development of anxiety-like behaviors and reduce neuroinflammatory responses in the brain.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Michel B. Verwoolde, Jurgen van Baa, Christine A. Jansen, Elisabeth A. M. Graat, David M. Lamot, Aart Lammers, Lieske van Eck
Summary: This study is the first to investigate the impact of stimulating the maternal innate immune system with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) or beta-glucan on growth performance and immune responses in the next generation. The findings show that offspring of LPS-treated broiler breeders have higher feed efficiency post-NE challenge, with more intestinal lesions observed. Additionally, both LPS and beta-glucan maternal treatments resulted in transgenerational effects on blood-derived monocytes, indicating a potential impact on immune responsiveness in the offspring.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Yukinori Yoshimura, Hiroya Kondo, Kyota Takamatsu, Yusaku Tsugami, Takahiro Nii, Naoki Isobe
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the response of the innate immune system in the proventriculus of broiler chicks to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and how this response is influenced by Newcastle disease and infectious bronchitis (ND/IB) vaccination. The results showed that LPS derived from gram-negative bacteria can upregulate the innate immune system in the proventriculus, including the synthesis of antimicrobial peptides. ND/IB vaccination may not significantly affect antimicrobial peptide synthesis in response to LPS, but it can upregulate Toll-like receptor 21 expression.
Article
Immunology
Margaux Vienne, Marion Etiennot, Bertrand Escaliere, Justine Galluso, Lionel Spinelli, Sophie Guia, Aurore Fenis, Eric Vivier, Yann M. Kerdiles
Summary: NK cells are known to have cytotoxic effects on tumor cell lines, but their specific roles in primary tumor detection and elimination remain unclear. ILC1 play an active role in inhibiting the antitumoral immune response, suggesting the need to evaluate the tumor infiltration of ILC1 and NK cells to optimize immune harnessing in cancer therapies.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vivek P. Varma, Ramudu Bankala, Ajay Kumar, Shashikant Gawai, Syed M. Faisal
Summary: Leptospirosis is a global zoonotic disease caused by various pathogenic serovars of Leptospira, which display different symptoms in different hosts. This study found that LPS isolated from different serovars has differential effects on the innate immune response, and these effects may be attributed to differences in structure and atypical nature.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Cristina Valeria Bulgaru, Daniela Eliza Marin, Gina Cecilia Pistol, Ionelia Taranu
Summary: ZEA is an estrogenic fusariotoxin that affects reproductive health and immune response. It can cause reproductive disorders and impact immune response, with studies showing effects on different types of immune cells and immune organs. Despite the increasing research on the mechanisms of ZEA in modulating immune response, data are currently insufficient and further investigation is needed.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Michel B. Verwoolde, Joop Arts, Christine A. Jansen, Henk K. Parmentier, Aart Lammers
Summary: Activation of the maternal immune system can impact immune responses in the next generation, which has implications for vaccine efficacy and dietary immune modulation. This study investigates the effects of immune activation in laying hens on specific antibody production in their offspring. The results suggest a transgenerational effect of the maternal immune system on specific antibody response, and imply that maternal immune activation can influence immune modulation and vaccine strategies in the next generation.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Yuhan Zhong, Xiao Zhong, Liangjun Qiao, Hong Wu, Chang Liu, Ting Zhang
Summary: The Z alpha domain is a compact α/β structure that specifically binds to nucleic acids with a left-handed helical conformation. It has been identified in several proteins, including ADAR1 and ZBP1, which play important roles in immune response regulation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Yang Heng, Xiaoming Zhang, Malte Borggrewe, Hilmar R. J. van Weering, Maaike L. Brummer, Tjalling W. Nijboer, Leo A. B. Joosten, Mihai G. Netea, Erik W. G. M. Boddeke, Jon D. Laman, Bart J. L. Eggen
Summary: This study demonstrated that preconditioning with both BG and LPS induced immune training of microglia at two days after the first challenge. However, with a 7-day interval between the first and second challenge, LPS-preconditioning resulted in immune tolerance in microglia.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Yue Gu, Ting Ye, Pingping Tan, Lijuan Tong, Jianlin Ji, Yiming Gu, Zhongxia Shen, Xinhua Shen, Xu Lu, Chao Huang
Summary: The study found that injecting the innate immune enhancer LPS can prevent behavioral abnormalities induced by chronic social defeat stress in mice, with the optimal effect observed at specific doses and time points. Additionally, innate immune stimulation can alter neuroinflammatory responses in the brain, and inhibiting central innate immune response can eliminate the tolerance-inducing effect of LPS preconditioning.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Jiali Zhu, Feng Chu, Meirong Zhang, Wenhuan Sun, Fangfang Zhou
Summary: Neddylation is a crucial protein modification process that plays important roles in the development of the central nervous system and various processes of the human immune system, including inflammation regulation, bacterial and viral infections, and T cell function.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
