期刊
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
卷 200, 期 5, 页码 -出版社
MOSBY-ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2008.12.032
关键词
cytokines; fetal sex; Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1; preterm birth; prostaglandins
OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to determine the effect of fetal sex on the output of cytokines and prostaglandin-regulating enzymes in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and probiotic lactobacilli-treated placental trophoblast cells. STUDY DESIGN: We examined the effect of LPS and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 supernatant in placental trophoblast cells on tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1 beta, and IL-10 using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and on prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2), 15-hydroxy prostaglandin dehydrogenase (PGDH), and toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) using Western blotting. Comparisons were performed using one-way analysis of variance and Student t test. RESULTS: LPS increased the output of TNF-alpha, IL-10, and PTGS2 with a greater response in male placentae. L rhamnosus GR-1 supernatant inhibited the LPS-stimulated TNF-alpha and increased IL-10. It also up- regulated expression of PGDH in female placentae and partially reduced the LPS-stimulated PTGS2 in male placentae. There was no change in IL-1 beta. Expression of TLR-4 was greater in placentae of male fetuses. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest an underlying mechanism for the sex difference in the incidence of preterm birth and provide potential evidence for a therapeutic benefit of lactobacilli in reducing preterm labor.
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