Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Robert Goldenberg, Sarah S. Saleem, Shivaprasad Goudar, Janet Moore, Gowdar Guruprasad, Vardendra M. Kulkarni, Sangappa Dhaded, Shiyam Sunder Tikmani, Sidrah Nausheen, Shazia G. Masheer, Mangala K. Kallapur, Najia U. Ghanchi, Sheetal Harakuni, Imran Ahmed, Kay Hwang, S. S. Yogeshkumar, Manjunath Somannavar, Haleema Yasmin, Jean M. Kim, Carla M. Bann, Robert M. Silver, Elizabeth McClure, PURPOSe Study Grp
Summary: The study aimed to determine the cause of death for stillbirths and preterm neonatal deaths using clinical data and tissue sampling methods. The major findings suggest that most stillbirths were caused by fetal asphyxia, often associated with placental malperfusion and conditions like pre-eclampsia. Preterm neonatal deaths were primarily caused by birth asphyxia and various infections, with a significant number of deaths attributed to nosocomial infections acquired after neonatal intensive care.
BJOG-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Tim A. Bruckner, Samantha Gailey, Abhery Das, Alison Gemmill, Joan A. Casey, Ralph Catalano, Gary M. Shaw, Jennifer Zeitlin
Summary: The study found an inverse correlation between stillbirth and early neonatal death rates in annual cohorts of extremely preterm deliveries.
BMC PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH
(2021)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Sarah Saleem, Shiyam Sunder S. Tikmani, Shivaprasad Goudar, Kay Hwang, Sangappa Dhaded, Gowder G. Guruprasad, Naveen B. Nadig, Varun Kusagur, Lingaraja Gowda C. Patil, E. S. Siddartha, S. S. Yogeshkumar, Manjunath Somannavar, Sana Roujani, Mashal Khan, Mehmood Shaikh, Muhammad M. Hanif, Carla M. Bann, Elizabeth L. McClure, Robert Goldenberg, PURPOSE Study Group
Summary: This study investigated the potential reasons for the differences in preterm neonatal mortality between neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in India and Pakistan. Despite equivalent weights and gestational ages, the neonatal mortality in the Pakistani NICU was twice that of the Indian NICU. Shorter length of stay and fewer diagnostic tests in the Pakistani NICU may explain the higher mortality.
BJOG-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Paula L. Hedley, Gitte Hedermann, Christian M. Hagen, Marie Baekvad-Hansen, Henrik Hjalgrim, Klaus Rostgaard, Anna D. Laksafoss, Steen Hoffmann, Jorgen Skov Jensen, Morten Breindahl, Mads Melbye, Anders Hviid, David M. Hougaard, Lone Krebs, Ulrik Lausten-Thomsen, Michael Christiansen
Summary: The study conducted in Denmark found that during the COVID-19 restrictions and lockdown, there was a reduction in extremely preterm birth rate and stillbirth rate, suggesting that these measures may provide some level of protection for pregnant women and fetuses. However, no significant difference was observed in perinatal mortality rates. The observational study does not allow for causal inference, but supports the need for further research to determine if behavioral or social changes in pregnant women can improve pregnancy outcomes.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Guillermo Gallagher-Cobos, Teresa Almerich-Torres, Jose Maria Montiel-Company, Jose Enrique Iranzo-Cortes, Carlos Bellot-Arcis, Jose Carmelo Ortola-Siscar, Jose Manuel Almerich-Silla
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the mother's periodontal condition and perinatal complications, such as preterm birth and low birth weight. The results showed no statistically significant relationship between maternal periodontal disease and preterm birth or low birth weight, but tobacco use during pregnancy was associated with low birth weight.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Milan Terzic, Gulzhanat Aimagambetova, Sanja Terzic, Milena Radunovic, Gauri Bapayeva, Antonio Simone Lagana
Summary: Preterm labor refers to birth before 37 weeks of gestation, occurring in 5-20% of pregnancies. Influenced by maternal, fetal, and environmental factors, infectious pathogens may account for 25-40% of preterm birth. The association between maternal periodontal disease, pathogenic oral bacteria in the placenta, and preterm delivery is still controversial in spite of extensive research.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ya-Ling Lee, Hsiao-Yun Hu, Sin-Yi Chou, Chen-Li Lin, Feng-Shiang Cheng, Chia-Yi Yu, Dachen Chu
Summary: This study found an association between the severity of periodontal disease and premature birth, highlighting the importance of improving periodontal health in women before or during pregnancy to reduce the risk of premature birth.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alice Hoffsten, Laszlo Markasz, Katharina Ericson, Leif D. Nelin, Richard Sindelar
Summary: Autopsy determined the final cause of death in one-third of cases, and necrotizing enterocolitis as a cause of death increased significantly during the study period. The autopsy rate did not change significantly between the two study periods.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Xi Chen, Xiaoli Zhang, Wenhua Li, Wendong Li, Yong Wang, Shan Zhang, Changlian Zhu
Summary: Preterm births with different etiologies are associated with varying neonatal complications, but no differences in neurodevelopmental outcomes were observed at 12 months of corrected age.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Pediatrics
Youzhen Zhang, Wanbing Feng, Jingyu Li, Linlin Cui, Zi-Jiang Chen
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the association between maternal periodontal disease (PD) and adverse neonatal outcomes. The results showed a significant association between PD and preterm birth (PTB) and low birth weight (LBW), but no relationship with small for gestational age (SGA).
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Najia Karim Ghanchi, Imran Ahmed, Jean Kim, Sheetal Harakuni, Manjunath S. Somannavar, Afia Zafar, Shiyam Sunder Tikmani, Sarah Saleem, Shivaprasad S. Goudar, Sangappa M. Dhaded, Gowdar Guruprasad, S. Yogeshkumar, Kay Hwang, Anna Aceituno, Robert M. Silver, Elizabeth M. McClure, Robert L. Goldenberg
Summary: In organ samples from deceased infants in India and Pakistan evaluated with multiplex polymerase chain reaction, Acinetobacter baumannii was the most common pathogen identified. Group B streptococcus was rarely found. A. baumannii was rarely found in the placentas of these deceased neonates, suggesting nosocomial acquisition.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Lisa Hui, Melvin Barrientos Marzan, Stephanie Potenza, Daniel L. Rolnik, Natasha Pritchard, Joanne M. Said, Kirsten R. Palmer, Clare L. Whitehead, Penelope M. Sheehan, Jolyon Ford, Ben W. Mol, Susan P. Walker
Summary: The lockdown restrictions in Melbourne, Australia were associated with a significant increase in preterm stillbirths among pregnant women exposed to the lockdown, but also led to a significant reduction in iatrogenic preterm births for fetal compromise. Further research is needed to understand the relationship between these two findings and to guide future responses to pandemics.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
(2022)
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Sara C. Handley, Anne M. Mullin, Michal A. Elovitz, Kristin D. Gerson, Diana Montoya-Williams, Scott A. Lorch, Heather H. Burris
Summary: This study compared rates of preterm birth, spontaneous preterm birth, medically indicated preterm birth, and stillbirth during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic with prepandemic rates, using data from the GeoBirth pregnancy cohort of two hospitals in Philadelphia.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Maria De Lourdes Marquez-Corona, Aldo Tellez-Giron-Valdez, America Patricia Pontigo-Loyola, Rosalina Islas-Zarazua, Norma Leticia Robles-Bermeo, Blanca Silvia Gonzalez-Lopez, Carlo Eduardo Medina-Solis
Summary: The study found associations between gingivitis, periodontitis, and tooth loss with preterm delivery. As the severity of gingivitis or periodontitis increased, the percentage of preterm delivery cases also increased.
JOURNAL OF MATERNAL-FETAL & NEONATAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Jerome Cornette, Catharina J. van der Stok, Irwin K. M. Reiss, Rene F. Kornelisse, Eline van der Wilk, Arie Franx, Yves Jacquemyn, Eric A. P. Steegers, Loes C. M. Bertens
Summary: This study analyzed data from the Netherlands from 2014 to 2017 and found that the lowest risk of adverse neonatal outcomes occurred at 39 and 40 weeks of gestation, while the rates of adverse maternal outcomes continued to increase with each gestational week.
ACTA OBSTETRICIA ET GYNECOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Austin Oberlin, Jacqueline Wallace, Janet L. Moore, Sarah Saleem, Adrien Lokangaka, Antoinette Tshefu, Melissa Bauserman, Lester Figueroa, Nancy F. Krebs, Fabian Esamai, Edward Liechty, Sheri Bucher, Archana B. Patel, Patricia L. Hibberd, Elwyn Chomba, Waldemar A. Carlo, Shivaprasad Goudar, Richard J. Derman, Marion Koso-Thomas, Elizabeth M. McClure, Robert L. Goldenberg
Summary: This study explores maternal morbidity using quality data from LMICs and compares it to the WHO estimate. The results show that delivery location and birth attendant type have an impact on maternal morbidity, with lower rates observed in non-hospital healthcare facilities and among non-physician clinicians.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGY & OBSTETRICS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Najia Karim Ghanchi, Imran Ahmed, Jean Kim, Sheetal Harakuni, Manjunath S. Somannavar, Afia Zafar, Shiyam Sunder Tikmani, Sarah Saleem, Shivaprasad S. Goudar, Sangappa M. Dhaded, Gowdar Guruprasad, S. Yogeshkumar, Kay Hwang, Anna Aceituno, Robert M. Silver, Elizabeth M. McClure, Robert L. Goldenberg
Summary: In organ samples from deceased infants in India and Pakistan evaluated with multiplex polymerase chain reaction, Acinetobacter baumannii was the most common pathogen identified. Group B streptococcus was rarely found. A. baumannii was rarely found in the placentas of these deceased neonates, suggesting nosocomial acquisition.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Robert I. Goldenberg, Sarah Saleem, Sk Masum Billah, Jean Kim, Janet L. Moore, Najia Karim Ghanchi, Rashidul Haque, Lester Figueroa, Alejandra Ayala, Adrien Lokangaka, Antoinette Tshefu, Shivaprasad S. Goudar, Avinash Kavi, Manjunath Somannavar, Fabian Esamai, Musaku Mwenechanya, Elwyn Chomba, Archana Patel, Prabir Das, Wilfred Injera Emonyi, Samuel Edidi, Madhavi Deshmukh, Biplob Hossain, Shahjahan Siraj, Manolo Mazariegos, Ana L. Garces, Melissa Bauserman, Carl L. Bose, William A. Petri, Nancy F. Krebs, Richard J. Derman, Waldemar A. Carlo, Edward A. Liechty, Patricia L. Hibberd, Marion Koso-Thomas, Nalini Peres-da-Silva, Tracy L. Nolen, Elizabeth M. McClure
Summary: This study aimed to determine the COVID-19 antibody positivity rates over time and its relationship to pregnancy outcomes in low- and middle-income countries. The results showed that the COVID-19 antibody positivity increased during pregnancy, but most adverse pregnancy outcomes were not significantly associated with antibody positivity.
BJOG-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Alan T. N. Tita, Waldemar A. Carlo, Elizabeth M. McClure, Musaku Mwenechanya, Elwyn Chomba, Jennifer J. Hemingway-Foday, Avinash Kavi, Mrityunjay C. Metgud, Shivaprasad S. Goudar, Richard Derman, Adrien Lokangaka, Antoinette Tshefu, Melissa Bauserman, Carl Bose, Poonam Shivkumar, Manju Waikar, Archana Patel, Patricia L. Hibberd, Paul Nyongesa, Fabian Esamai, Osayame A. Ekhaguere, Sherri Bucher, Saleem Jessani, Shiyam S. Tikmani, Sarah Saleem, Robert L. Goldenberg, Sk M. Billah, Ruth Lennox, Rashidul Haque, William Petri, Lester Figueroa, Manolo Mazariegos, Nancy F. Krebs, Janet L. Moore, Tracy L. Nolen, Marion Koso-Thomas
Summary: In women planning a vaginal delivery, a single oral dose of azithromycin significantly reduced the risk of maternal sepsis or death compared to placebo, but had little effect on newborn sepsis or death.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Albert Manasyan, Ariel A. Salas, Tracy Nolen, Elwyn Chomba, Manolo Mazariegos, Antoinette Tshefu Kitoto, Sarah Saleem, Farnaz Naqvi, K. Michael Hambidge, Norman Goco, Elizabeth M. McClure, Jan L. Wallander, Fred J. Biasini, Robert L. Goldenberg, Carl L. Bose, Marion Koso-Thomas, Nancy F. Krebs, Waldemar A. Carlo
Summary: This study compared the performance of the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ) and the Bayley Scales of Infant Development (BSID) second edition as screening tools for neurodevelopmental disorders in low-resource countries. The results showed that ASQ had high specificity but low sensitivity in 18-month-old infants. Therefore, when administered by trained healthcare workers, ASQ may be a useful screening tool.
Editorial Material
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Robert L. L. Goldenberg, Shivaprasad S. S. Goudar, Avinash Kavi, Nancy F. F. Krebs, Richard J. J. Derman, Sarah Saleem, Elizabeth M. M. McClure
BJOG-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Kartik Shankar, Kay Hwang, Jamie L. L. Westcott, Sarah Saleem, Sumera A. Ali, Saleem Jessani, Archana Patel, Avinash Kavi, Manjunath S. S. Somannavar, Shivaprasad S. S. Goudar, Patricia L. L. Hibberd, Richard J. J. Derman, Matthew Hoffman, Blair J. J. Wylie, Robert L. L. Goldenberg, Vanessa R. R. Thorsten, Elizabeth M. M. McClure, Nancy F. F. Krebs
Summary: Growing evidence suggests that environmental heat stress negatively influences fetal growth and pregnancy outcomes. However, few studies have examined the impact of heat stress on pregnancy outcomes in low-resource settings. This study combines data from a large multi-country maternal-child health registry and meteorological data to assess the impacts of heat stress.
BJOG-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Avinash Kavi, Shivaprasad S. S. Goudar, Manjunath S. S. Somannavar, Janet L. L. Moore, Richard J. J. Derman, Sarah Saleem, Seemab Naqvi, Sk Masum Billah, Rashidul Haque, Lester Figueroa, Manolo Mazariegos, Adrien Lokangaka, Antoinette Tshefu, Fabian Esamai, Musaku Mwenechanya, Elwyn Chomba, Archana Patel, Prabirkumar Das, Melissa Bauserman, William A. A. Petri Jr, Nancy F. F. Krebs, Waldemar A. A. Carlo, Sherri Bucher, Patricia L. L. Hibberd, Marion Koso-Thomas, Elizabeth M. M. McClure, Robert L. L. Goldenberg
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between COVID-19 symptoms and COVID-19 antibody positivity in unvaccinated pregnant women in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The results showed that unvaccinated pregnant women who were antibody-positive had slightly more symptoms during their pregnancy, with a small but significantly greater increase in fever. However, evaluating COVID-19-related symptoms does not appear to be useful in differentiating pregnant women who have had a COVID-19 infection.
BJOG-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Imran Ahmed, Najia Karim Ghanchi, Shiyam Sunder Tikmani, Kay Hwang, Afia Zafar, Sarah Saleem, Zeeshan Uddin, Sheetal Harakuni, Manjunath S. Somannavar, Vardendra Kulkarni, Gowder Guruprasad, Shivaprasad S. Goudar, Jean Kim, Elizabeth M. McClure, Robert L. Goldenberg
Summary: This study examined inflammatory lesions in placentas of stillbirths, preterm neonatal deaths, and term controls in India and Pakistan. The most common type of placental inflammatory lesion was chorioamnionitis, regardless of the group evaluated. Ureaplasma spp. were the most common pathogens found in the placentas and were significantly associated with inflammation.
BJOG-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Robert Goldenberg, Sarah S. Saleem, Shivaprasad Goudar, Janet Moore, Gowdar Guruprasad, Vardendra M. Kulkarni, Sangappa Dhaded, Shiyam Sunder Tikmani, Sidrah Nausheen, Shazia G. Masheer, Mangala K. Kallapur, Najia U. Ghanchi, Sheetal Harakuni, Imran Ahmed, Kay Hwang, S. S. Yogeshkumar, Manjunath Somannavar, Haleema Yasmin, Jean M. Kim, Carla M. Bann, Robert M. Silver, Elizabeth McClure, PURPOSe Study Grp
Summary: The study aimed to determine the cause of death for stillbirths and preterm neonatal deaths using clinical data and tissue sampling methods. The major findings suggest that most stillbirths were caused by fetal asphyxia, often associated with placental malperfusion and conditions like pre-eclampsia. Preterm neonatal deaths were primarily caused by birth asphyxia and various infections, with a significant number of deaths attributed to nosocomial infections acquired after neonatal intensive care.
BJOG-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Avinash Kavi, Matthew K. Hoffman, Manjunath S. Somannavar, Mrityunjay C. Metgud, Shivaprasad S. Goudar, Janet Moore, Eleanor Nielsen, Norman Goco, Elizabeth M. McClure, Adrien Lokangaka, Antoinette Tshefu, Melissa Bauserman, Musaku Mwenechanya, Elwyn Chomba, Waldemar A. Carlo, Lester Figueroa, Nancy F. Krebs, Saleem Jessani, Sarah Saleem, Robert L. Goldenberg, Prabirkumar Das, Archana Patel, Patricia L. Hibberd, Fabian Esamai, Sherri Bucher, Marion Koso-Thomas, Robert Silver, Richard J. Derman
Summary: Assessing the impact of low-dose aspirin starting in early pregnancy, it was found that it can delay the occurrence of preterm hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Compared with the placebo group, women who received aspirin had lower proportions of developing hypertensive disorders of pregnancy before 28 weeks, before 34 weeks, and before 37 weeks. The results of this study suggest that early administration of low-dose aspirin can delay the onset of hypertension.
BJOG-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Seemab Naqvi, Sarah Saleem, Sk Masum Billah, Janet Moore, Musaku Mwenechanya, Waldemar A. A. Carlo, Fabian Esamai, Sherri Bucher, Richard J. J. Derman, Shivaprasad S. S. Goudar, Manjunath Somannavar, Archana Patel, Patricia L. L. Hibberd, Lester Figueroa, Nancy F. F. Krebs, William A. A. Petri, Adrien Lokangaka, Melissa Bauserman, Marion Koso-Thomas, Elizabeth M. M. McClure, Robert L. L. Goldenberg
Summary: With limited data available, the Global Network conducted four studies in LMICs to understand the impact of COVID-19 in pregnancy. The studies evaluated healthcare utilization, knowledge and practices of pregnant women, vaccine acceptance, and antibody status. The findings showed little reduction in healthcare utilization and no significant change in pregnancy outcomes. Knowledge about COVID-19 and vaccine safety was generally poor, and infection rates increased over time. However, most infected pregnant women did not experience worse pregnancy outcomes.
BJOG-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Jackie K. Patterson, Vanessa R. Thorsten, Barry Eggleston, Tracy Nolen, Adrien Lokangaka, Antoinette Tshefu, Shivaprasad S. Goudar, Richard J. Derman, Elwyn Chomba, Waldemar A. Carlo, Manolo Mazariegos, Nancy F. Krebs, Sarah Saleem, Robert L. Goldenberg, Archana Patel, Patricia L. Hibberd, Fabian Esamai, Edward A. Liechty, Rashidul Haque, Bill Petri, Marion Koso-Thomas, Elizabeth M. McClure, Carl L. Bose, Melissa Bauserman
Summary: Low birth weight (LBW) infants are at risk for death and disability, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) with limited access to advanced neonatal care. Predictive modeling can help identify high-risk mothers and facilitate referral to appropriate centers. Logistic regression performed best in predicting LBW using clinical variables available prior to delivery.
BMC PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jennifer Hemingway-Foday, Alan Tita, Elwyn Chomba, Musaku Mwenechanya, Trecious Mweemba, Tracy Nolen, Adrien Lokangaka, Antoinette Tshefu Kitoto, Gustave Lomendje, Patricia L. Hibberd, Archana Patel, Prabir Kumar Das, Kunal Kurhe, Shivaprasad S. Goudar, Avinash Kavi, Mrityunjay Metgud, Sarah Saleem, Shiyam S. Tikmani, Fabian Esamai, Paul Nyongesa, Amos Sagwe, Lester Figueroa, Manolo Mazariegos, Sk Masum Billah, Rashidul Haque, Md Shahjahan Siraj, Robert L. Goldenberg, Melissa Bauserman, Carl Bose, Edward A. Liechty, Osayame A. Ekhaguere, Nancy F. Krebs, Richard Derman, William A. Petri, Marion Koso-Thomas, Elizabeth Mcclure, Waldemar A. Carlo
Summary: Maternal and neonatal infections are a common cause of mortality. A clinical trial showed that oral azithromycin reduced certain infections in women during labor. This study aims to evaluate the impact of azithromycin given to women in labor on maternal and newborn outcomes.