Article
Biophysics
Kai Lian, Hongyu Feng, Shixian Liu, Kaiji Wang, Qiong Liu, Liping Deng, Guanyu Wang, Yuhuan Chen, Guozhen Liu
Summary: Insulin plays a crucial role in controlling blood glucose levels and protein synthesis, but abnormal levels can lead to diseases such as diabetes and obesity. Accurate measurement of insulin levels is essential for early diagnosis and treatment. Current detection methods are time-consuming and expensive, but biosensing technologies offer potential solutions.
BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Andreas Fritsche, Robert Wagner, Martin Heni, Kostantinos Kantartzis, Juergen Machann, Fritz Schick, Rainer Lehmann, Andreas Peter, Corinna Dannecker, Louise Fritsche, Vera Valenta, Renate Schick, Peter Paul Nawroth, Stefan Kopf, Andreas F. H. Pfeiffer, Stefan Kabisch, Ulrike Dambeck, Michael Stumvoll, Matthias Blueher, Andreas L. Birkenfeld, Peter Schwarz, Hans Hauner, Julia Clavel, Jochen Seissler, Andreas Lechner, Karsten Muessig, Katharina Weber, Michael Laxy, Stefan Bornstein, Annette Schuermann, Michael Roden, Martin Hrabe de Angelis, Norbert Stefan, Hans-Ulrich Haering
Summary: This study suggests that intensified lifestyle intervention (LI) can improve glycemic and cardiometabolic outcomes in individuals with high risk of prediabetes, helping to prevent the onset of diabetes. Individualized LI based on risk phenotype may be beneficial for diabetes prevention.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Simon Schallmoser, Thomas Zueger, Mathias Kraus, Maytal Saar-Tsechansky, Christoph Stettler, Stefan Feuerriegel
Summary: This study aimed to build machine learning models to predict the risk of micro- and macrovascular complications in individuals with prediabetes or diabetes. The study used electronic health records from Israel and identified individuals at risk based on demographics, biomarkers, medications, and disease codes. The models showed that increased blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and serum creatinine levels are risk factors for microvascular complications, while age and hypertension are associated with an elevated risk for macrovascular complications.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Justin B. Echouffo-Tcheugui, Leigh Perreault, Linong Ji, Sam Dagogo-Jack
Summary: Prediabetes, an intermediate stage between normal glucose regulation and diabetes, affects 1 in 3 adults in the US and approximately 720 million individuals worldwide. Lifestyle modification, including weight loss and exercise, is the first-line therapy for prediabetes and has a larger benefit than metformin.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marja G. J. Veugen, Veronica G. Onete, Ronald M. A. Henry, Hans-Peter Brunner-La Rocca, Annemarie Koster, Pieter C. Dagnelie, Nicolaas C. Schaper, Simone J. S. Sep, Carla J. H. van der Kallen, Martin P. J. van Boxtel, Koen D. Reesink, Johannes S. Schouten, Hans H. C. M. Savelberg, Sebastian Kohler, Frans R. Verhey, Joop P. W. van den Bergh, Miranda T. Schram, Coen D. A. Stehouwer
Summary: This population-based study demonstrates a significant health burden in both type 2 diabetes and prediabetes, which is largely attributed to comorbidities in addition to classical complications and cardiometabolic risk factors.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Jaakko Tuomilehto, Matti Uusitupa, Edward W. W. Gregg, Jaana Lindstrom
Summary: Several randomized controlled trials have demonstrated the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions in preventing type 2 diabetes (T2D) in high-risk individuals. The national T2D prevention plan in Finland, implemented in 2000, has successfully decreased the incidence of drug-treated T2D. The United States has also authorized a national diabetes prevention program (NDPP) that relies on primary care referrals and self-referrals.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Carla K. Miller, Haikady N. Nagaraja, Jennifer Cheavens, Kentaro Fujita, Sophie Lazarus
Summary: The impact of an adaptive rescue intervention for slow responders was evaluated in this study. The results showed significant improvement in multiple outcomes for the standard intervention compared to the adaptive intervention. However, participants in the adaptive intervention group also experienced significant reductions in weight loss and blood glucose. The study also found that weight loss at week 5 significantly predicted weight loss at 4 months.
Article
Oncology
Emma L. O'Dowd, Samuel W. D. Merriel, Vinton W. T. Cheng, Sam Khan, Lynne M. Howells, Dipesh P. Gopal, Elizabeth A. Roundhill, Paul M. Brennan, Philip A. J. Crosbie, Richard D. Neal, Karen Brown, Emma J. Crosbie, David R. Baldwin
Summary: This study evaluates clinical trials focused on cancer screening, prevention, and early diagnosis (SPED) and identifies disparities in research volume and geographical location. These findings will guide future research efforts to address the major challenges in cancer SPED.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sergio Davinelli, Sawan Ali, Vincenzo Solfrizzi, Giovanni Scapagnini, Graziamaria Corbi
Summary: Recent evidence suggests that diet can modify the risk of future cognitive impairment and dementia. Carotenoid interventions have shown significant effects on cognitive outcomes and may help reduce the risk of cognitive impairment and dementia.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Debbie Hinnen, Davida Kruger, Melissa Magwire
Summary: People with type 2 diabetes have a higher risk of cardiovascular disease than those without. Treatment guidelines recommend using antihyperglycemic agents with proven cardiovascular benefit in high-risk patients, but only a small percentage of patients actually receive this type of therapy.
POSTGRADUATE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yimou Sun, Mengying Jin, Guanhuier Wang, Hongbin Xie
Summary: This study constructed an intravascular injection embolism model and observed the effectiveness of warm and cold compress in treating vascular embolization. Warm compress immediately promoted vascular dilatation, blood circulation, and partial blood flow recovery. At 7 days after injection, the warm compress group had a recanalization rate of 47.4%. Early-stage warm compress is beneficial for recanalization of vascular embolization and reducing tissue necrosis.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Nadia Ghannam, Saleh Alahmed, Raed Aldahash, Naji Aljohani, Afaf Alshammary, Ashraf Amir, Abdullah Kamal, Said Khader, Mohammed Salah, Hani Shalabi, Ahmed Abdallah, Ahmed Elboghdady
Summary: The onset of type 2 diabetes significantly increases the risk of vascular complications and death, even before the official diagnosis. Prediabetes and type 2 diabetes are part of a continuum of abnormal blood glucose and vascular risk that worsens over time, necessitating early intervention. Metformin is an effective treatment for preventing prediabetes and improving cardiovascular outcomes in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Newer medications like SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 agonists are suitable for patients with type 2 diabetes and significant cardiovascular comorbidity. Additional therapies should be promptly used to achieve individualized HbA1c goals and minimize cardiovascular risk.
DIABETES METABOLIC SYNDROME AND OBESITY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Marie Hauguel-Moreau, Helene Hergault, Laure Cazabat, Marion Pepin, Alain Beauchet, Vincent Aidan, Mounir Ouadahi, Loic Josseran, Mirella Hage, Christophe Rodon, Olivier Dubourg, Ziad Massy, Nicolas Mansencal
Summary: The study aimed to assess the prevalence and long-term change of prediabetes and unknown diabetes in a large middle-aged urban population. The results showed a high prevalence of prediabetes and unknown diabetes, but a decrease over a 12-year period. This highlights the importance of screening and cardiovascular prevention campaigns.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Neil H. White, Qing Pan, William C. Knowler, Emily B. Schroeder, Dana Dabelea, Emily Y. Chew, Barbara Blodi, Ronald B. Goldberg, Xavier Pi-Sunyer, Christine Darwin, Mathias Schlogl, David M. Nathan
Summary: This study aimed to determine the risk factors, both glycemic and nonglycemic, that contribute to the presence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) before and after the onset of type 2 diabetes (T2D). The results showed that DR may occur in prediabetes and early stages of T2D, and that HbA1c is an important risk factor for the development of DR across the entire glycemic range.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
M. Buysschaert, M. Bergman, P. Valensi
Summary: Prediabetes is a common condition associated with an increased risk of diabetes and chronic complications. Early detection and intervention can limit the development of complications. The measurement of 1-hour post-load plasma glucose (PG) is a more predictive marker for diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Early detection of prediabetes is crucial.
DIABETES & METABOLISM
(2022)