Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shohei Tanaka, Hiromichi Wakui, Kengo Azushima, Shunichiro Tsukamoto, Takahiro Yamaji, Shingo Urate, Toru Suzuki, Eriko Abe, Shinya Taguchi, Takayuki Yamada, Ryu Kobayashi, Tomohiko Kanaoka, Daisuke Kamimura, Sho Kinguchi, Masahito Takiguchi, Kengo Funakoshi, Akio Yamashita, Tomoaki Ishigami, Kouichi Tamura
Summary: Considering the increasing prevalence of obesity and global aging, the consumption of a high-protein diet (HPD) has advantages. However, HPD exacerbates kidney dysfunction in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. This study evaluated the effects of an HPD on kidney injury in both CKD and non-CKD conditions. It was found that an HPD does not cause kidney injury in healthy individuals but worsens the condition in CKD patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Fang Wang, Jie Ding
Summary: The use of consensus AKI criteria has improved our understanding of pediatric AKI epidemiology, and an association between AKI and CKD in pediatric populations has been endorsed. However, further studies are needed to better answer a definitive causal relationship between pediatric AKI and the subsequent development of CKD.
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ankit B. Patel, Kavita Mistry, Ashish Verma
Summary: SGLT2 inhibitors have revolutionized the treatment of heart failure and diabetic kidney disease, showing kidney protection benefits independent of diabetes mellitus in both diabetic and non-diabetic patients, as demonstrated in the DAPA-CKD trial by Heerspink et al.
TRENDS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Transplantation
Aghiles Hamroun, Luc Frimat, Maurice Laville, Marie Metzger, Christian Combe, Denis Fouque, Christian Jacquelinet, Carole Ayav, Sophie Liabeuf, Celine Lange, Yves-Edouard Herpe, Jarcy Zee, Francois Glowacki, Ziad A. Massy, Bruce Robinson, Benedicte Stengel
Summary: This study reveals the high incidence of hospital-acquired AKI events in patients with CKD and their underreporting at hospital discharge. It also identifies low birth weight and anemia as potential new risk factors in CKD patients.
NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION
(2022)
Article
Transplantation
Mai M. Abdelmageed, Eirini Kefaloyianni, Akshayakeerthi Arthanarisami, Yohei Komaru, Jeffrey J. Atkinson, Andreas Herrlich
Summary: In this study, it was found that TNF or EGFR inhibition equally reduced AKI-to-CKD transition and fibrosis by about 25%, while the combination of the two had no additional effect. Inhibition of EGFR reduced kidney TNF expression by about 50% by reducing the accumulation of TNF expressing immune cells in the kidney early after AKI. TNF inhibition did not affect EGFR activation or immune cell accumulation. TNF was found to be predominantly expressed by immune cells in AKI, rather than proximal tubule cells (PTC). Knockout of PTC-TNF did not affect AKI-to-CKD transition in UUO. Therefore, short-term anti-TNF biologics during or after AKI may be helpful in preventing AKI-to-CKD transition.
NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION
(2023)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Antonia Zhu, Reid H. Whitlock, Thomas W. Ferguson, Mohammad Nour-Mohammadi, Paul Komenda, Claudio Rigatto, David Collister, Clara Bohm, Nancy L. Reaven, Susan E. Funk, Navdeep Tangri
Summary: Metabolic acidosis is associated with a higher risk of acute kidney injury in patients with chronic kidney disease. AKI should be considered as an outcome in studies of treatments for patients with metabolic acidosis.
KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kranti A. Mapuskar, Gabriela Vasquez-Martinez, Gabriel Mayoral-Andrade, Ann Tomanek-Chalkley, Diana Zepeda-Orozco, Bryan G. Allen
Summary: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) increases the risk of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and its associated morbidity and mortality. CKD can lead to metabolic perturbations and oxidative stress, resulting in increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the kidneys. Mitochondrial oxidative metabolism plays a role in the pathology of CKD, and targeting mitochondria may be a potential treatment approach to delay CKD progression.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Kavish R. Patidar, Mobasshir A. Naved, Ananth Grama, Mohammad Adibuzzaman, Arzina Aziz Ali, James E. Slaven, Archita P. Desai, Marwan S. Ghabril, Lauren Nephew, Naga Chalasani, Eric S. Orman
Summary: This study investigated hospitalized patients with cirrhosis and acute kidney injury in the US and found that acute kidney disease developed in 1 in 3 patients, which was associated with worse survival and chronic kidney disease.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yong Liu, Ning Tan, Yong Huo, Shi-Qun Chen, Jin Liu, Yan Wang, Lang Li, Jian-Hong Tao, Xi Su, Li Zhang, Qing-Xian Li, Jin-Ying Zhang, Yan-Song Guo, Zhi-Min Du, Yin-Pin Zhou, Zhen-Fei Fang, Guang-Ma Xu, Yan Liang, Ling Tao, Hui Chen, Zheng Ji, Bing Han, Ping-Yan Chen, Jun-Bo Ge, Ya-Ling Han, Ji-Yan Chen
Summary: This study found that in patients with chronic kidney disease, simplified rapid hydration is as effective as standard hydration in preventing contrast-associated acute kidney injury, with a shorter duration of hydration. This result is clinically significant for preventing contrast-associated acute kidney injury.
JACC-CARDIOVASCULAR INTERVENTIONS
(2023)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Ana Sanchez Horrillo, Laura Salanova Villanueva, Alicia Cabrera Cardenas, Patricia Munoz Ramos, Alberto Ortiz, Borja Quiroga
Summary: The transition from AKI to CKD independently predicts the long-term risk of infection following an episode of AKI.
CLINICAL KIDNEY JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kento Nishida, Hiroshi Watanabe, Ryota Murata, Kai Tokumaru, Rui Fujimura, Shun Oshiro, Taisei Nagasaki, Masako Miyahisa, Yuto Hiramoto, Hiroto Nosaki, Tadashi Imafuku, Hitoshi Maeda, Masafumi Fukagawa, Toru Maruyama
Summary: The study shows that HSA-Trx has the potential to inhibit the transition from AKI to CKD by accelerating renal function recovery, reducing renal fibrosis, suppressing oxidative stress and inflammation, and ameliorating kidney injury.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Mingrui Xiong, Hong Chen, Yu Fan, Muchuan Jin, Dong Yang, Yuchen Chen, Yu Zhang, Robert B. Petersen, Hua Su, Anlin Peng, Congyi Wang, Ling Zheng, Kun Huang
Summary: Ischemia-reperfusion injury is a common cause of acute kidney injury. This study reveals that the endogenous tubular ELA-APJ axis plays a pivotal role in attenuating ischemia-reperfusion-induced AKI. Improving renal blood flow by inhibiting ARG2 and activating PGE2 is an effective treatment for AKI and prevents the subsequent AKI-CKD transition.
Review
Physiology
Fengyun Wang, Lixin Zhou, Amity Eliaz, Chang Hu, Xinhua Qiang, Li Ke, Glenn Chertow, Isaac Eliaz, Zhiyong Peng
Summary: Acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Galectin-3 (Gal3), a protein with proinflammatory and profibrotic properties, has been implicated in the development and progression of both AKI and CKD. Elevated Gal3 levels in the serum of AKI and CKD patients and its association with CKD progression have been observed. Gal3 is also associated with AKI incidence in critically ill patients, and blocking Gal3 has shown promising results in reducing AKI incidence and mortality in animal models.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Jiahui Tan, Kai Yin, Zhirong Ouyang, Rongchen Wang, Hongming Pan, Zhijun Wang, Chuchang Zhao, Wei Guo, Xianfeng Gu
Summary: A new fluorescent nanoprobe has been developed for real-time imaging of kidney function, providing high resolution imaging in living mice and showing potential for early diagnosis of renal diseases such as AKI and CKD. The nanoprobe is sensitive and specific for detecting AKI and CKD, allowing for noninvasive detection of disease onset at least 32 hours earlier than existing assays.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Dominique Vodovar, Bruno Megarbane, Stephane Gaudry, Didier Dreyfuss, Paul M. Palevsky
Summary: This article discusses the importance and effectiveness of using extracorporeal kidney-replacement therapy in poisonings, even in the absence of acute kidney injury, to rapidly remove toxicants and save lives.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Marcin Hejdysz, Sebastian A. Kaczmarek, Michael R. Bedford
Summary: This study investigated the impact of different extrusion processing temperatures on the composition of faba beans and their nutritional value. The results showed that extrusion can improve the digestibility of nutrients in faba beans and degrade some antinutritional factors, but higher temperatures can compromise nutrient digestibility.
ANIMAL FEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Tom Dale, Michael R. Bedford, Julie King, Gregory A. Tucker, John M. Brameld, Tim Parr
Summary: This study investigated the efficacy of different enzyme-wheat variety combinations and found that fibrolytic enzymes have different effects on various wheat varieties. These findings suggest the possibility of optimizing the combination of wheat variety and enzyme in animal feeds to improve feed efficiency in livestock.
ANIMAL FEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
L. S. David, M. R. Abdollahi, M. R. Bedford, V. Ravindran
Summary: An experiment was conducted to determine the digestible calcium and phosphorus requirements of broiler chickens. The results showed that a combination of 3.5 g/kg digestible phosphorus and 3.0-3.5 g/kg digestible calcium resulted in optimal weight gain and tibia ash. This study provides important guidance for the nutrition and formulation of diets for broiler chickens.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Ashraf Alkhtib, Philippe Wilson, Mike R. Bedford, Helen Nell Masey O'Neill, Emily Burton
Summary: This systematic review investigates the relevance of existing life cycle analysis (LCA) and environmental assessment studies in informing sustainable poultry meat production strategies. A Rapid Evidence Assessment (REA) was conducted on articles published from 2000 to 2020, covering LCA studies on meat poultry strains, poultry manure emission, and environmental assessments of plant-based feed ingredients. The review found that there is a lack of reliable in vivo data to support the use of existing studies for guiding nutritional strategies and poultry meat production.
Article
Immunology
Anisha M. Thanki, Steven Hooton, Natasha Whenham, Michael G. Salter, Mike R. Bedford, Helen V. Masey O'Neill, Martha R. J. Clokie
Summary: This study showed that adding a phage cocktail to chicken feed effectively reduced Salmonella colonization in chickens, with the optimal dose of phage being 10(5) PFU/day. By the end of the study, no Salmonella was detected in the group that received phage at this dose. Phage treatment also improved the growth performance of challenged birds.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Clay J. Maynard, Craig W. Maynard, Garrett J. Mullenix, Alison Ramser, Elizabeth S. Greene, Mike R. Bedford, Sami Dridi
Summary: This study investigated the effect of heat stress and exogenous phytase supplementation on growth performance, muscle myopathy incidence, and meat quality in broilers. Heat stress significantly affected body temperature, feed intake, body weight, water intake, blood parameters, and meat quality. Exogenous phytase supplementation improved growth performance and reduced muscle myopathy incidence under normal temperature conditions, but increased muscle myopathy incidence under heat stress conditions.
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Laura Shiromi David, M. Naveed Anwar, M. Reza Abdollahi, Michael R. Bedford, Velmurugu Ravindran
Summary: Calcium is crucial for poultry nutrition, but the current concern is the oversupply of calcium rather than a deficiency. Recent changes in feed formulas have prompted closer examination of digestible calcium, as it is interrelated with phosphorus absorption and utilization. Data on the digestibility of calcium and phosphorus in feed ingredients have been determined, and preliminary data on the requirements for different growth stages of broilers have become available. This review focuses on these recent advances in calcium nutrition, as well as homeostatic control mechanisms, different calcium sources, and factors influencing calcium digestibility in poultry.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
H. K. Zanu, M. Iddrisu, B. G. Fosu, H. K. Ketemepi, M. R. Bedford
Summary: High phytic acid and fine oyster shell particle size improve growth performance of broilers, while low phytic acid and coarse oyster shell particle size promote bone health.
BRITISH POULTRY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Colleen R. Sprigg, Philip T. A. Leftwich, Emily Burton, Dawn Scholey, Michael R. Bedford, Charles A. Brearley
Summary: Inert digestibility index markers like titanium dioxide are commonly used in poultry feeding trials. However, the use of titanium dioxide in cell biology for enrichment of inositol phosphates suggests that its use as an inert marker may not be as inert as assumed. Our experiment showed no significant difference in the effect of phytase inclusion in the presence or absence of titanium dioxide, indicating that its inclusion in feed does not interfere with the recovery of inositol phosphates from digesta samples.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
A. Simic, G. Gonzalez-Ortiz, S. C. Mansbridge, S. P. Rose, M. R. Bedford, D. Yovchev, V. R. Pirgozliev
Summary: A study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary fiber, xylanase, xylooligosaccharides, and their combination on chicken growth performance and nutrient utilization. The results showed that the combination of xylanase and xylooligosaccharides improved feed conversion efficiency and weight gain, while the inclusion of dietary fiber had negative effects on nutrient utilization. Additionally, the addition of dietary fiber increased the concentration of short-chain fatty acids in the cecum.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Mohammad Houshyar, Ali Asghar Saki, Mohammad Yousef Alikhani, Michael Richard Bedford, Meysam Soleimani, Farideh Kamarehei
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of a laboratory 3-phytase and a commercial 6-phytase, alone and in combination, on broilers. The addition of Lab-Phy increased the phosphorus and calcium content in the tibia, while Com-Phy alone and in combination with Lab-Phy further increased the phosphorus and calcium content. The expression of NaPi-IIb in the duodenum was influenced by the reduction of nonphytate phosphorus and the addition of phytase. Broilers fed the negative control diet had the lowest body weight, villi characteristics, Newcastle disease antibody titer, and nutrient digestibility. Supplementation with phytases improved growth performance, intestinal characteristics, immune response, and nutrient digestibility in broilers receiving the negative control diet.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
I. M. Whiting, V. Pirgozliev, M. R. Bedford
Summary: The present study aimed to determine the xylan fractions of 10 wheat cultivars and their response to treatment by the same commercial xylanase enzyme preparation. Information obtained was used to select 5 wheats for a feeding experiment to predict the feeding value based on the rate of xylan release. Treatment with the same enzyme resulted in varying levels of hydrolysis, and the addition of xylanase improved weight gain and feed conversion ratio.
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Edwin T. Moran, Michael R. Bedford
Summary: Endogenous protein leaving the ileum largely consists of accrued mucins from the upper gastrointestinal tract (GIT) that had resisted digestion. The amounts released rely on their mucosal generation during enteral feeding which vary with age as well as diet. These digestion resistant proteins of endogenous origin continue to be unavailable in the large intestine, whereas those of dietary origin provide amino acids that largely support the existing microbial population while denying limited amounts for absorption.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
An Bautil, Michael R. Bedford, Johan Buyse, Christophe M. Courtin
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the potential of reduced-particle size wheat bran and endoxylanases as feed additives in stimulating arabinoxylan hydrolysis and fermentation in young broilers. The results showed that the addition of endoxylanase increased arabinoxylan solubilization and fermentation. Adding reduced-particle size wheat bran improved the utilization of wheat arabinoxylan. However, at 28 days, the addition of reduced-particle size wheat bran reduced body weight gain but increased butyric acid concentrations.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Namalika D. Karunaratne, Henry L. Classen, Andrew G. van Kessel, Michael R. Bedford, Nancy P. Ames, Rex W. Newkirk
Summary: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of diet medication and beta-glucanase on digesta soluble beta-glucan depolymerization, carbohydrate fermentation, and performance of coccidiosis-vaccinated broiler chickens. The results showed that beta-glucanase reduced the molecular weight of beta-glucan, decreased ileal viscosity, and reduced the concentration of short-chain fatty acids, while diet medication had minimal effects on carbohydrate fermentation.
