Review
Clinical Neurology
J. Ariana Noel, Ingrid Hougen, Manish M. Sood
Summary: As individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD) age, cognitive impairment and declining kidney function often occur simultaneously. Management and prevention of vascular risk factors and cardiovascular diseases may help prevent cognitive impairment in CKD, suggesting potential disease modifying properties of SGLT2 inhibitors in CKD patients are actively being investigated.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Transplantation
Boris Bikbov, Maria Jose Soler, Vesna Pesic, Giovambattista Capasso, Robert Unwin, Matthias Endres, Giuseppe Remuzzi, Norberto Perico, Ron Gansevoort, Francesco Mattace-Raso, Annette Bruchfeld, Andreja Figurek, Gaye Hafez
Summary: Increased albuminuria may play a potential role in the development of mild cognitive impairment and dementia. The similarities in microvascular structure between the kidney and the brain make them sensitive to the effects of albuminuria. Further research is needed to explore interventions that could prevent cognitive decline.
NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Diana Maria Ariton, Joan Jimenez-Balado, Olga Maisterra, Francesc Pujadas, Maria Jose Soler, Pilar Delgado
Summary: Cognitive decline and kidney disease share similar characteristics and risk factors, with albuminuria being a marker associated with cognitive impairment in patients with chronic kidney diseases, diabetic kidney diseases, and end-stage kidney diseases. Mechanisms such as damage to the microvascular circulation, inflammation, and oxidative stress are discussed as potential factors contributing to the association. Further studies are needed to better understand the interplay between kidney and brain diseases in order to reduce cognitive impairment in these patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Dearbhla M. Kelly, Peter M. Rothwell
Summary: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with an increased risk of cognitive disorders, and this could be attributed to the clustering of traditional risk factors or direct neuronal injury caused by uraemic toxins or dialysis-specific factors.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Siang Ing Lee, Jennifer Cooper, Anthony Fenton, Anuradhaa Subramanian, Tom Taverner, Krishna M. Gokhale, Katherine Phillips, Mitesh Patel, Lorraine Harper, G. Neil Thomas, Krishnarajah Nirantharakumar
Summary: Decreased renal function is associated with an increased risk of dementia, which has significant implications for the care of patients with kidney disease.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Sidar Copur, Metehan Berkkan, Pantelis Sarafidis, Mehmet Kanbay
Summary: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and dementia are common comorbidities, especially in the elderly population, but there is no consensus on the increased risk of dementia in CKD patients. Recent studies have investigated the potential therapeutic role of intensive blood pressure control, but there are limitations and a lack of specific management guidelines. This review examines the impact of blood pressure and other factors on dementia risk in CKD patients, along with potential pathophysiological mechanisms and future guidance.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Kaori Miwa, Kazunori Toyoda
Summary: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with an increased risk of stroke and dementia, with common structural brain abnormalities observed in patients with CKD. The brain and kidney exhibit similar impairments and susceptibility to vascular injury, suggesting a significant impact of kidney function on brain aging. However, the exact pathophysiology of structural brain abnormalities in CKD remains unclear.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
A. D. Smith, H. Refsum
Summary: Elevated concentrations of plasma total homocysteine are associated with over 100 diseases or conditions, with cardiovascular diseases and diseases of the central nervous system being the most common. Lowering total homocysteine through B vitamin treatment may prevent certain diseases, indicating the clinical importance of these associations.
JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Shu-Yen Peng, I-Wen Wu, Chi-Chin Sun, Chin-Chan Lee, Chun-Fu Liu, Yu-Zi Lin, Ling Yeung
Summary: This study investigated the association between retinal DVP-VD and early cognitive impairment in patients with CKD, finding that patients with a high MMSE level were younger, had more years of education, milder CKD, and higher DVP-VD. The results suggest that DVP-VD measured by OCT angiography may facilitate early detection of cognitive impairment in CKD patients.
TRANSLATIONAL VISION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Valeria Guglielmi, Davide Quaranta, Giovanna Masone Iacobucci, Salvatore Citro, Irene Scala, Danilo Genovese, Valerio Brunetti, Camillo Marra, Paolo Calabresi, Giacomo Della Marca
Summary: This study aimed to assess the cognitive impairment within 1 week after mechanical thrombectomy. It was found that some patients experienced cognitive impairment after the procedure, which may lead to worse neurological and functional outcomes.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ka Young Kim, Ki Young Shin, Keun-A Chang
Summary: Stroke is a common debilitating disease with high mortality and disability rates. Post-stroke cognitive impairment is a major complication often underdiagnosed. Recent studies have shown that stroke significantly increases the risk of cognitive impairment. This study evaluated blood-derived proteins as biomarkers for post-stroke cognitive impairment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Ningcen Li, Hui Wang, Hang Liu, Lina Zhu, Zhongxi Lyu, Jiwen Qiu, Tianyi Zhao, Haiyan Ren, Lihong Huang, Shuangli Chen, Xiuwu Hu, Liang Zhou
Summary: Stroke is a common cause of disability and death, particularly among older adults worldwide. Post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is a common consequence of stroke, leading to long-term disability and reduced quality of life. Acupuncture has been recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a complementary therapy for stroke care, and this review provides comprehensive evidence of its beneficial effects on PSCI. The mechanisms of acupuncture on PSCI involve anti-neuronal apoptosis, synaptic plasticity promotion, inflammation alleviation, and regulation of brain energy metabolism disorders. The findings of this study offer scientific support for the application of acupuncture in treating PSCI.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Maria Isabel Cuartero, Alicia Garcia-Culebras, Carmen Nieto-Vaquero, Enrique Fraga, Cristina Torres-Lopez, Jesus Pradillo, Ignacio Lizasoain, Maria Angeles Moro
Summary: Increasing evidence suggests that commensal microbiota may have significant effects on both health and disease, including cerebrovascular disease. Gut microbes can impact physiology by metabolizing dietary factors and host-derived substrates, leading to the creation of active compounds such as toxins. This review highlights the complex interplay between microbiota, their metabolites, and essential functions for human health, including metabolism regulation, immune system modulation, and brain development. It also discusses the role of gut dysbiosis in cerebrovascular disease, specifically in stroke phases, and the potential involvement of intestinal microbiota in post-stroke cognitive impairment and dementia, as well as potential therapeutic opportunities in targeting microbiota in this context.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Anna Dittrich, Nicholas J. J. Ashton, Henrik Zetterberg, Kaj Blennow, Anna Zettergren, Joel Simren, Tobias Skillback, Sara Shams, Alejandra Machado, Eric Westman, Michael Scholl, Ingmar Skoog, Silke Kern
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and neurodegenerative diseases. It shows that CKD patients have higher levels of plasma neurofilament light (P-NfL) compared to individuals with normal kidney function. Therefore, P-NfL may serve as a potential biomarker linking CKD to neurodegenerative diseases.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Minwoo Lee, Na-Young Yeo, Hyo-Jeong Ahn, Jae-Sung Lim, Yerim Kim, Sang-Hwa Lee, Mi Sun Oh, Byung-Chul Lee, Kyung-Ho Yu, Chulho Kim
Summary: This PSCI cohort study aimed to determine the applicability of a machine learning approach for predicting PSCI after stroke. The findings indicate that machine-learning algorithms, particularly the extreme gradient boost and the artificial neural network models, can best predict cognitive outcomes after ischemic stroke.
ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Asma Tariq, Nicholas S. Hill, Lori Lyn Price, Khalid Ismail
Summary: Respiratory events are common during and immediately postprocedure after conscious sedation for bronchoscopy. Most events are obstructive, and the use of propofol predisposes to central apneas during the procedure. Both types of events are associated with a higher body mass index. Oxygen desaturation to <90% triggers escalation of care.
JOURNAL OF BRONCHOLOGY & INTERVENTIONAL PULMONOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Daniel E. Weiner, Christine K. Liu, Shiyuan Miao, Roger Fielding, Leslie I. Katzel, Jamie Giffuni, Andrew Well, Stephen L. Seliger
Summary: The safety and efficacy of long-term exercise training in older adults with advanced CKD and comorbidity is uncertain. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of exercise training on cardiorespiratory fitness and submaximal gait in older adults with CKD. The results showed that exercise training improved cardiorespiratory fitness and walking ability, but the effects diminished after 12 months.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES
(2023)
Editorial Material
Urology & Nephrology
Wendy McCallum, Daniel E. Weiner
CLINICAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Orlando M. Gutierrez, Yingying Sang, Morgan E. Grams, Shoshana H. Ballew, Aditya Surapaneni, Kunihiro Matsushita, Alan S. Go, Michael G. Shlipak, Lesley A. Inker, Nwamaka D. Eneanya, Deidra C. Crews, Neil R. Powe, Andrew S. Levey, Josef Coresh
Summary: This retrospective analysis compared the racial differences in risk of KFRT and mortality between Black and non-Black participants with kidney disease. The study found that the eGFR equation that included both creatinine and cystatin C without considering race demonstrated racial differences in risk across the range of eGFR. The eGFRcr-cys equation may be preferable for assessing racial differences in the risk of KFRT and mortality associated with low eGFR.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Raziel Rojas-Rodriguez, Lori Lyn Price, Jessica Somogie, Sylvie Hauguel-deMouzon, Satish C. Kalhan, Patrick M. Catalano
Summary: Maternal lipid metabolism during pregnancy, especially in late pregnancy, is highly correlated with neonatal adiposity. Late pregnancy basal and clamp glycerol turnover (GLYTO) are significantly associated with neonatal adiposity and explain around 40% of the variation.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Letter
Urology & Nephrology
Mallika L. Mendu, Scott D. Bieber, Suzanne G. Watnick, Daniel E. Weiner
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Grace H. Lo, Michael J. Richard, Timothy E. McAlindon, Chantel Park, Michael T. Strayhorn, Matthew S. Harkey, Lori Lyn Price, Charles B. Eaton, Jeffrey B. Driban
Summary: This study evaluated the association between work-related physical activity and incidence of knee osteoarthritis. The results showed that individuals who engage in work that involves walking while handling materials have a higher risk of developing knee osteoarthritis. Measures should be taken to mitigate risk factors predisposing them to radiographic osteoarthritis.
OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
M. Kyla Shea, Jifan Wang, Kathryn Barger, Daniel E. Weiner, Sarah L. Booth, Stephen L. Seliger, Amanda H. Anderson, Rajat Deo, Harold Feldman, Alan S. Go, Jiang He, Ana C. Ricardo, Manjula Kurella Tamura
Summary: This study found an association between vitamin K status and cognitive performance in individuals with chronic kidney disease. Participants with lower levels of plasma (dp)ucMGP, indicating higher vitamin K status, had better cognitive performance. Plasma phylloquinone levels were not significantly associated with cognitive performance. These findings suggest that vitamin K may play an important role in cognitive function in individuals with chronic kidney disease.
CURRENT DEVELOPMENTS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
S. D. Solomon, J. J. McMurray, B. Claggett, R. A. de Boer, D. DeMets, A. F. Hernandez, S. E. Inzucchi, M. N. Kosiborod, C. S. P. Lam, F. Martinez, S. J. Shah, A. S. Desai, P. S. Jhund, J. Belohlavek, C-E Chiang, C. J. W. Borleffs, J. Comin-Colet, D. Dobreanu, J. Drozdz, J. C. Fang, M. A. Alcocer-Gamba, W. Al Habeeb, Y. Han, J. W. Cabrera Honorio, S. P. Janssens, T. Katova, M. Kitakaze, B. Merkely, E. O'Meara, J. F. K. Saraiva, S. N. Tereshchenko, J. Thierer, M. Vaduganathan, O. Vardeny, S. Verma, V. N. Pham, U. Wilderang, N. Zaozerska, E. Bachus, D. Lindholm, M. Petersson, A. M. Langkilde
Summary: The study shows that SGLT2 inhibitors are effective in reducing the risk of hospitalization for heart failure and cardiovascular death among patients with chronic heart failure and a left ventricular ejection fraction of 40% or less. However, whether they are effective in patients with a higher left ventricular ejection fraction remains uncertain.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Harold J. Manley, Nien Chen Li, Gideon N. Aweh, Caroline M. Hsu, Daniel E. Weiner, Dana Miskulin, Antonia M. Harford, Doug Johnson, Eduardo Lacson
Summary: The effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and the immunogenicity threshold for protection against COVID-19-related hospitalization or death in the dialysis population are uncertain. This retrospective observational study found that SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in maintenance dialysis patients was associated with a lower risk of COVID-19 diagnosis and related hospitalization or death. Among vaccinated patients, those with lower levels of anti-spike IgG antibodies had higher rates of infection and worse COVID-19-related outcomes.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Keren Ladin, Hocine Tighiouart, Olivia Bronzi, Susan Koch-Weser, John B. Wong, Sarah Levine, Arushi Agarwal, Lucy Ren, Jack Degnan, Lexi N. Sewall, Brianna Kuramitsu, Patrick Fox, Elisa J. Gordon, Tamara Isakova, Dena Rifkin, Ana Rossi, Daniel E. Weiner
Summary: This study compared the impact of a decision aid for kidney replacement therapy with usual care on decisional quality in older patients with advanced chronic kidney disease. The results showed that the decision aid improved decision quality, increased treatment knowledge, and reduced uncertainty while clarifying treatment preferences.
ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Letter
Urology & Nephrology
Faizan Mazhar, Arvid Sjolander, Edouard L. Fu, Johan Arnlov, Andrew S. Levey, Josef Coresh, Juan Jesus Carrero
KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Rheumatology
Jeffrey B. Driban, Lori Lyn Price, Bing Lu, Klaus Flechsenhar, Grace H. Lo, Timothy E. McAlindon
Summary: This study aimed to describe the natural history leading to end-stage knee osteoarthritis (esKOA), focusing on knee symptoms, radiographic severity, and the presence of limited mobility or instability. The findings showed that most knees already had moderate-to-severe radiographic osteoarthritis before developing esKOA.
SEMINARS IN ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Amanda R. Vest, Lori Lyn Price, Anindita Chanda, Benjamin A. Sweigart, Joronia Chery, Matthew Lawrence, Lauren Parsly, Gaurav Gulati, Michael S. Kiernan, Jenica N. Upshaw, Masashi Kawabori, Gregory S. Couper, Edward Saltzman
Summary: Severe cardiac cachexia or malnutrition is commonly considered a relative contraindication to LVAD implantation. This study found that LVAD patients with cachexia had higher mortality during LVAD support, while early weight gain ≥5% during LVAD support was associated with lower mortality.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Letter
Urology & Nephrology
Dominik Steubl, Li Fan, Yunfang Zhang, Fei Xiong, Hongbo Li, Hao Zhang, Jing Hu, Amy B. Karger, Lesley A. Inker, Xueqing Yu, Andrew S. Levey