Article
Immunology
James W. Antoon, Matt Hall, James A. Feinstein, Kathryn E. Kyler, Samir S. Shah, Sonya Tang Girdwood, Jennifer L. Goldman, Carlos G. Grijalva, Derek J. Williams
Summary: This study investigated the concordance of antiviral treatment in children at high risk for influenza complications and found that 42% did not receive guideline-concordant antiviral treatment. Further research is needed to identify barriers to appropriate antiviral use in this vulnerable population.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Virology
Rubaiyea Farrukee, Vithiagaran Gunalan, Sebastian Maurer-Stroh, Patrick C. Reading, Aeron C. Hurt
Summary: This study aims to predict permissive mutations that may enable the emergence of a fit H275Y A(H1N1)pdm09 variant. Computational analysis and experimental approaches identified potential permissive mutations and evaluated their fitness impact. The study provides valuable insights into the evolutionary pathways of oseltamivir resistance in influenza viruses.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Agustin Pijierro Amador, Alba Suarez Cordero, Pedro Sanchez Risco
Summary: A 40-year-old man presented with symptoms of acute intermittent porphyria (AIP), including abdominal pain and inappropriate behaviour. After treatment, the patient initially improved but experienced a relapse after starting oseltamivir treatment for a flu-like illness. The patient's condition improved again after discontinuing the treatment.
Article
Microbiology
Renee W. Y. Chan, Kin P. Tao, Jiqing Ye, Kevin K. Y. Lui, Xiao Yang, Cong Ma, Paul K. S. Chan
Summary: Influenza virus is a major public health challenge characterized by high morbidity and mortality. Oseltamivir is commonly used as an antiviral, but resistant strains have been detected. This study designed and synthesized two new compounds that showed significant antiviral activity against both seasonal and oseltamivir-resistant strains. These compounds have the potential to be an important addition to the arsenal of antiviral drugs.
Review
Immunology
Frederick G. Hayden, Jason Asher, Benjamin J. Cowling, Aeron C. Hurt, Hideyuki Ikematsu, Klaus Kuhlbusch, Annabelle Lemenuel-Diot, Zhanwei Du, Lauren Ancel Meyers, Pedro A. Piedra, Takahiro Takazono, Hui-Ling Yen, Arnold S. Monto
Summary: Studies indicate that prompt antiviral treatment can reduce the risk of influenza virus transmission to contacts, especially in household settings. However, reported effects vary widely across studies. Additionally, all approved classes of influenza antivirals carry a potential risk of transmitting drug-resistant variants.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Abhishek Deshpande, Michael Klompas, Pei -Chun Yu, Peter B. Imrey, Andrea M. Pallotta, Thomas Higgins, Sarah Haessler, Marya D. Zilberberg, Peter K. Lindenauer, Michael B. Rothberg
Summary: This study investigates the frequency and timing of influenza testing and its associations with treatment and outcomes in adults hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). The results show that a significant proportion of CAP patients are not tested for influenza, even during flu season. However, for patients testing positive, they receive antiviral treatment more often and early treatment is associated with lower mortality and shorter hospital stays.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Saad Alqarni, Laura Cooper, Jazmin Galvan Achi, Ryan Bott, Veeresh Kumar Sali, Andrew Brown, Bernard D. Santarsiero, Aleksej Krunic, Balaji Manicassamy, Norton P. Peet, Pin Zhang, Gregory R. J. Thatcher, Irina N. Gaisina, Lijun Rong, Terry W. Moore
Summary: This study identifies a novel imidazo[1,2-a]dpyrimidine scaffold for targeting group 2 IAV entry. By exploring different regions of the lead compound, researchers have developed a series of small molecules with nanomolar activity against oseltamivir-sensitive and -resistant forms of group 2 IAVs. These small molecules target HA, blocking viral entry.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Saad Alqarni, Laura Cooper, Jazmin Galvan Achi, Ryan Bott, Veeresh Kumar Sali, Andrew Brown, Bernard D. Santarsiero, Aleksej Krunic, Balaji Manicassamy, Norton P. Peet, Pin Zhang, Gregory R. J. Thatcher, Irina N. Gaisina, Lijun Rong, Terry W. Moore
Summary: The study presents a novel drug scaffold and a series of small molecules that have nanomolar activity against both oseltamivir-sensitive and -resistant forms of group 2 IAVs, targeting hemagglutinin (HA) involved in viral entry.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Sook Kwan Brown, Yeu-Yang Tseng, Ammar Aziz, Mariana Baz, Ian G. Barr
Summary: This study tested 3425 influenza B viruses collected from the Asia-Pacific region against four registered neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs). It identified 45 influenza B viruses with reduced susceptibility to one or more NAIs, including some with newly identified neuraminidase mutations. The study highlights the potential impact of these mutations on the clinical effectiveness of NAIs in treating influenza B infections in humans.
ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jianru Qin, Jilei Lin, Xiangfei Zhang, Shuhua Yuan, Chiyu Zhang, Yong Yin
Summary: The study found that oseltamivir treatment did not significantly shorten the duration of fever or alleviate influenza-like symptoms in children with influenza infection.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Ugo Ala, Paolo Bajardi, Mario Giacobini, Luigi Bertolotti
Summary: The widespread use of antiviral drugs leads to increased environmental pollution levels, impacting animal behavior and ecological and evolutionary balances. This study focuses on the effects on avian influenza and evaluates the evolutionary rate and behavior of H5N1 viral strains in the presence of oseltamivir environmental pollution.
Article
Virology
Weixu Zhang, Hefeng Xu, Shuxuan Guan, Chengmin Wang, Guoying Dong
Summary: This study analyzed the available NA protein sequences of H1N1 influenza viruses worldwide and found that 3.76% of H1N1 viruses currently harbor oseltamivir resistance, with the most common mutation being H274Y. Oseltamivir resistance is mainly found in humans, swine, and avian, and the resistance level peaked in 2007-2008 and quickly decreased in 2009. The study highlights the importance of globally monitoring oseltamivir resistance.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Ping Li, Ruikun Du, Zinuo Chen, Yanyan Wang, Peng Zhan, Xinyong Liu, Dongwei Kang, Zhaoyu Chen, Xiujuan Zhao, Lin Wang, Lijun Rong, Qinghua Cui
Summary: Punicalagin from plants shows strong anti-influenza activity with a low micromolar IC(50)value. It primarily targets NA-mediated viral release, inhibits replication of different strains of influenza A and B viruses, including oseltamivir-resistant virus (NA/H274Y), and is a potential novel antiviral against influenza viruses.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Corey Momont, Ha V. V. Dang, Fabrizia Zatta, Kevin Hauser, Caihong Wang, Julia di Iulio, Andrea Minola, Nadine Czudnochowski, Anna De Marco, Kaitlin Branch, David Donermeyer, Siddhant Vyas, Alex Chen, Elena Ferri, Barbara Guarino, Abigail E. Powell, Roberto Spreafico, Samantha S. Yim, Dale R. Balce, Istvan Bartha, Marcel Meury, Tristan I. Croll, David M. Belnap, Michael A. Schmid, William Timothy Schaiff, Jessica L. Miller, Elisabetta Cameroni, Amalio Telenti, Herbert W. Virgin, Laura E. Rosen, Lisa A. Purcell, Antonio Lanzavecchia, Gyorgy Snell, Davide Corti, Matteo Samuele Pizzuto
Summary: The study describes a monoclonal antibody, FNI9, targeting neuraminidase, which can effectively inhibit the enzymatic activity of all group 1 and group 2 influenza A viruses, as well as certain influenza B viruses. FNI9 also shows broad neutralizing activity against seasonal influenza viruses and can synergize with antibodies targeting the hemagglutinin stem. The potent prophylactic activity of FNI9 against lethal influenza A and B virus infections in mice supports its development for the prevention of influenza illness.
Review
Immunology
Yu-Chi Kuo, Chih-Cheng Lai, Ya-Hui Wang, Chao-Hsien Chen, Cheng-Yi Wang
Summary: Baloxavir is superior to placebo in both clinical outcome and virological response; Compared to oseltamivir, baloxavir shows better virological response; Baloxavir appears to be a relatively safe anti-influenza agent when compared with oseltamivir and placebo.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2021)
Review
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Karen Y. Chung, George Ho, Aysegul Erman, Joanna M. Bielecki, Christopher R. Forrest, Beate Sander
Summary: This paper aims to summarize the cost-effectiveness of cleft lip and/or palate care in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The findings suggest that primary CL/P repair is cost-effective, but more context-specific data are needed for better-informed resource allocation decisions in LMICs.
CLEFT PALATE CRANIOFACIAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Yeva Sahakyan, Aysegul Erman, Naeem Bhojani, Bilal Chughtai, Kevin C. Zorn, Beate Sander, Dean S. Elterman
Summary: This study evaluated the cost-utility of minimally invasive therapies (MITs) compared to pharmacotherapy as initial treatment for patients with moderate-to-severe benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The results showed that water vapor thermal therapy (WVTT) as initial treatment generated more quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) at a lower cost, making it an effective and cost-saving procedure.
PROSTATE CANCER AND PROSTATIC DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Yeva Sahakyan, Aysegul Erman, Naeem Bhojani, Bilal Chughtai, Kevin C. Zorn, Beate Sander, Dean S. Elterman
Summary: Recently, minimally invasive surgical therapies (MISTs) have emerged as alternative treatments for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) instead of surgery or pharmacotherapy. This study examined the cost-utility of water vapor thermal therapy (WVTT) and prostatic urethral lift (PUL) compared to pharmacotherapy as initial treatments for moderate-to-severe BPH patients. The results indicate that WVTT is a cost-effective procedure and may be a suitable first-line alternative to pharmacotherapy for BPH patients.
CUAJ-CANADIAN UROLOGICAL ASSOCIATION JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
John Kenneth Peel, Shaf Keshavjee, David Naimark, Mingyao Liu, Lorenzo Del Sorbo, Marcelo Cypel, Kali Barrett, Eleanor M. Pullenayegum, Beate Sander
Summary: This study compared the institutional costs of lung transplantation before and after the availability of EVLP and determined the health-economic impact of EVLP. The study found that EVLP availability was associated with faster progression to transplantation without significant marginal cost increase.
JOURNAL OF HEART AND LUNG TRANSPLANTATION
(2023)
Article
Virology
Shannon L. Russell, Braeden R. A. Klaver, Sean P. Harrigan, Kimia Kamelian, John Tyson, Linda Hoang, Marsha Taylor, Beate Sander, Sharmistha Mishra, Natalie Prystajecky, Naveed Z. Janjua, James E. A. Zlosnik, Hind Sbihi
Summary: This study reports a severity analysis of the SARS-CoV-2 variant Omicron, showing that BA.2 subvariant is associated with a lower risk of hospitalization and intensive care unit admission compared to BA.1, while BA.5 is associated with a higher risk of hospitalization.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
N. Timilshina, S. M. H. Alibhai, G. Tomlinson, B. Sander, D. C. Cheung, A. Finelli
Summary: This study aimed to determine the long-term population-level oncological outcomes in active surveillance patients and examine the discontinuation rate. The results showed that active surveillance was associated with excellent long-term metastasis-free survival and overall survival, but slightly inferior cancer-specific survival.
JOURNAL OF UROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Donal Bisanzio, Ashley E. Davis, Sandra E. Talbird, Thierry Van Effelterre, Laurent Metz, Maren Gaudig, Valerie Oriol Mathieu, Anita J. Brogan
Summary: This study aimed to assess the impact of preventive vaccination strategies when implemented in conjunction with nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPI) and ring vaccination. The results showed that including healthcare workers, frontline workers, and the general population in the preventive vaccination campaign can significantly reduce Ebola cases, hospitalizations, and deaths.
Article
Immunology
Huiting Ma, Adrienne K. Chan, Stefan D. Baral, Christine Fahim, Sharon Straus, Beate Sander, Sharmistha Mishra
Summary: This study used personal-level surveillance of 14 million individuals and neighborhood-level income data to examine the disparities in COVID-19 hospitalizations and deaths across 5 waves in Ontario, Canada. Despite implementing equity-informed policies and varying levels of public health measures, the magnitude of inequalities in hospitalizations and deaths remained consistent throughout the waves.
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ana Maria Passos-Castilho, Donald G. Murphy, Karine Blouin, Andrea Benedetti, Dimitra Panagiotoglou, Julie Bruneau, Marina B. Klein, Jeffrey C. Kwong, Beate Sander, Naveed Z. Janjua, Christina Greenaway
Summary: Immigrants in low HCV prevalence countries, especially those from middle-income Europe, sub-Saharan Africa, and South Asia, have higher rates of HCV diagnoses compared to nonimmigrants. Over a 20-year period in Quebec, Canada, the decline in HCV rates was slower among immigrants, leading to a higher proportion of HCV diagnoses among this population. This highlights the need for targeted screening and intervention efforts for immigrants, particularly those from high-risk regions.
JOURNAL OF VIRAL HEPATITIS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Laura T. R. Morrison, Benjamin Anderson, Alice Brower, Sandra Talbird, Naomi Buell, Pia D. M. A. MacDonald, Laurent Metz, Maren Gaudig, Valerie Oriol Mathieu, Amanda A. Honeycutt
Summary: This study evaluates the relationship between outbreak size and economic impact, finding that prophylactic vaccines can mitigate the negative economic impacts of infectious disease outbreaks. The study surveyed five countries in sub-Saharan Africa that experienced Ebola outbreaks between 2000 and 2016, and found that outbreaks led to a decline in GDP of up to 36%, which could be reduced to around 1.6% with targeted prophylactic vaccination.
Article
Immunology
Sandra E. Talbird, Seri A. Anderson, Misha Nossov, Nell Beattie, Aaron T. Rak, Francisco Diaz-Mitoma
Summary: The recently approved 3-antigen hepatitis B vaccine is cost-saving or cost-effective for preventing HBV infection among US adults. It provides better health outcomes, more quality-adjusted life-years, and lower costs compared to the single-antigen vaccine in adults aged 18-64, adults with diabetes, and adults with obesity. For adults aged >= 65 years, the 3-antigen vaccine is cost-effective below common willingness-to-pay thresholds.
Article
Economics
Ryan O'Reilly, Hong Lu, Jeffrey C. C. Kwong, Allison McGeer, Teresa To, Beate Sander
Summary: The present study aimed to determine the short- and long-term healthcare costs associated with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) from the healthcare payer perspective in Ontario, Canada. Through a retrospective population-based matched cohort study, it was found that CAP is associated with significantly increased acute and long-term healthcare costs compared to unexposed subjects. This study highlights the burden of CAP in both the inpatient and outpatient setting, and will inform strategic healthcare planning for future interventions and healthcare programs.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ECONOMICS
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Justin Carrico, Claire E. Mellott, Sandra E. Talbird, Andre Bento-Abreu, Barbara Merckx, Jessica Vandenhaute, Damia Benchabane, Nicolas Dauby, Olivier Ethgen, Philippe Lepage, Jeroen Luyten, Marc Raes, Steven Simoens, Marc Van Ranst, Amanda Eiden, Mawuli K. Nyaku, Goran Bencina
Summary: In this study, the public health impact and return on investment of Belgium's pediatric immunization program (PIP) were evaluated. The PIP was found to prevent infections and deaths, as well as save costs in both the healthcare sector and society. Continued investment in the PIP is recommended to sustain its positive impact.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Andrew T. Sage, John Peel, Jerome Valero, Jonathan C. Yeung, Mingyao Liu, Marcelo Cypel, Beate Sander, Shaf Keshavjee
Summary: In the field of lung transplantation, time-to-extubation is proposed as an optimal endpoint for prognostic tests due to its clinical relevance, objectiveness, stability over time, and association with healthcare expenditure. Compared to other possible endpoints, it represents a preferred primary endpoint.
JOURNAL OF HEART AND LUNG TRANSPLANTATION
(2023)