☆ 4.5 Article

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Personality Characteristics in Older Adults in the General Dutch Population

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY (2014)

期刊

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY

卷 22, 期 12, 页码 1623-1632

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ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC

DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2014.02.005

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Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; depression; personality characteristics

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Geriatrics & Gerontology Gerontology Psychiatry

资金

Janssen-Cilag
Shire
Eli Lilly
Eli Lilly, AstraZeneca

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摘要

Objective: The authors wanted to examine the association between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and personality characteristics and the potential mediating role of these characteristics in the relationship between ADHD and depression in older adults in the general Dutch population. Methods: Data from the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam in 2008/2009 were used in a cross-sectional design on 231 participants with and without ADHD aged 60-94 years. Questionnaires assessing self-esteem, self-efficacy, mastery, neuroticism, and social inadequacy were administered. ADHD was measured by means of ADHD diagnosis and level of ADHD symptoms. Linear regression analyses were performed to assess the association between ADHD (symptoms) and personality characteristics. Single and multivariate mediation analyses were performed to examine the mediating role of personality characteristics in the relationship between ADHD (symptoms) and depressive symptoms. Results: ADHD was significantly negatively associated with sense of mastery (B = -2.44, t = -3.14, df = 228, p = 0.002), self-esteem (B = -1.16, t = -2.27, df = 228, p = 0.02), and self-efficacy (B = -2.33, t = -2.02, df = 228, p = 0.045) and positively associated with neuroticism (B = 0.99, t = 4.90, df = 228, p < 0.001) and social inadequacy (B = 0.65, t = 3.32, df = 229, p = 0.001). In the single mediation analyses, all personality characteristics were mediators in the relationship between ADHD symptoms and depressive symptoms. In the multivariate analysis only mastery and self-esteem were mediators. Conclusion: Older adults with ADHD reported lower self-esteem and sense of mastery and higher levels of neuroticism and social inadequacy than older adults without ADHD. Mastery and self-esteem partly explained the association between ADHD and depressive symptoms in old age. The results implicate that in treatment clinicians should pay attention to the personality characteristics of older adults with ADHD.

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Association between quality of life, sleep quality and mental disorders in Iranian older adults

Ali Khorshidi, Marzieh Rostamkhani, Roya Farokhi, Abbas Abbasi-Ghahramanloo

Summary: Aging poses a major challenge to the development and growth of countries worldwide. This study identified subgroups of the elderly based on their quality of life, sleep quality, and common mental disorders, and examined the influence of demographic characteristics on subgroup membership. Three subgroups were identified: healthy, anxious with poor sleep quality, and unhealthy. Being female, living in urban areas, and illiteracy were found to increase the odds of belonging to certain subgroups. These results highlight the co-occurrence of health problems among a significant portion of the elderly population.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2022)