Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Shang -Chin Huang, Jia-Horng Kao
Summary: Fatty liver disease and chronic hepatitis B are major causes of chronic liver diseases. The relationship between hepatic steatosis and hepatitis B virus activity is inverse, but its impact on prognosis is inconclusive. The clinical impact of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease criteria on patients with chronic hepatitis B is unknown and requires further investigation.
JOURNAL OF THE FORMOSAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Daniel Fuster, Xavier Garcia-Calvo, Paola Zuluaga, Ferran Bolao, Robert Muga
Summary: Early diagnosis of liver disease is crucial for treatment and clinical management, and non-invasive methods can effectively assess liver disease.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Maria Pokorska-Spiewak, Anna Dobrzeniecka, Marta Lipinska, Anna Tomasik, Malgorzata Aniszewska, Magdalena Marczynska
Summary: The study found that significant liver fibrosis may occur in teenagers with CHC, including cirrhosis, and serum biomarkers correlate positively with liver stiffness measurement.
PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Kazuya Takemura, Etsuko Takizawa, Akihiro Tamori, Mika Nakamae, Hiroshi Kubota, Sawako Uchida-Kobayashi, Masaru Enomoto, Norifumi Kawada, Masayuki Hino
Summary: This study analyzed the correlation between ATX and liver fibrosis in pre- and post-treatment patients with HCV infection. ATX is established as a biomarker for predicting liver fibrosis, but separate cutoff values should be established for different treatment stages.
JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Virology
Ana Carolina Cardoso, Claudio Figueiredo-Mendes, Cristiane A. Villela-Nogueira, Patrick Marcellin
Summary: Staging liver fibrosis has always been a challenge in viral hepatitis and other liver diseases. Non-invasive tests have been developed to overcome the limitations of liver biopsy. This review discusses the use of serological and physical markers for liver fibrosis staging in chronic hepatitis B and C. Furthermore, it addresses the issue of evaluating liver fibrosis after HCV cure.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Gamal Shiha, Reham Soliman, Nabiel N. H. Mikhail, Khalid Alswat, Ayman Abdo, Faisal Sanai, Moutaz F. Derbala, Necati Ormeci, George N. Dalekos, Said Al-Busafi, Waseem Hamoudi, Ala Sharara, Samy Zaky, Fathiya El-Raey, Mai Mabrouk, Samir Marzouk, Hidenori Toyoda
Summary: The study demonstrates that the FIB-6 index is a simple and convenient non-invasive test for ruling out liver cirrhosis and compensated advance liver disease in patients with chronic hepatitis C. It performs better in terms of sensitivity and negative predictive value compared to traditional testing methods in external validation.
HEPATOLOGY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Annelys Roque Gardner, Yifei Ma, Peter Bacchetti, Jennifer C. Price, Mark H. Kuniholm, Audrey L. French, Stephen Gange, Adaora A. Adimora, Howard Minkoff, Seble Kassaye, Igho Ofotokun, William Rosenberg, Andrea A. Z. Kovacs, Phyllis C. Tien
Summary: This study investigated the trajectory of liver fibrosis in women with HIV/HCV coinfection. The results showed an initial rise in serum biomarkers of liver fibrosis followed by declines within the year before starting HCV treatment. However, there appeared to be a lack of decline in these biomarkers beyond 1 year after HCV cure.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Chun-Han Cheng, Chia-Ying Chu, Huan-Lin Chen, I-Tsung Lin, Chia-Hsien Wu, Yuan-Kai Lee, Ping-Jen Hu, Ming-Jong Bair
Summary: This observational study analyzed histological changes in patients after direct-acting antiviral therapy, showing a significant number achieved reversal of liver inflammation and fibrosis without any predictive baseline factors for histological regression.
JOURNAL OF THE FORMOSAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Fangwan Yang, Yujuan Liu, Baimei Zeng, Jun Chu, Han Hu, Yanqing Yang, Huan Chen, Caiyun Tian, Ying Li, Shide Lin
Summary: The Lok index has strong predictive accuracy for progression to ACLF in patients with acute exacerbation and severe exacerbation of chronic HBV infection, requiring different thresholds of liver fibrosis based on severity of liver injury.
HEPATOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ling-Ling Huang, Xue-Ping Yu, Qing-Fa Ruan, Yan-Xue Lin, Huan Li, Wen Jin, Rui-Feng Liu, Yan-Lan Liang, Yu-Rui Liu, Yue-Yong Zhu, Jia-Ji Jiang, Ri-Cheng Mao, Da-Wu Zeng
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between liver stiffness measurement (LSM) and liver inflammation in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients with different upper limits of normal (ULNs) for alanine aminotransferase (ALT). The results showed that LSM values increased with increasing inflammation, and LSM had a high diagnostic accuracy for significant and severe inflammation. Furthermore, LSM could predict liver inflammation and guide antiviral therapy for CHB patients with normal ALT.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jiaqi Li, Xi Liang, Shaoli You, Tingting Feng, Xin Zhou, Bing Zhu, Jinjin Luo, Jiaojiao Xin, Jing Jiang, Dongyan Shi, Yingyan Lu, Keke Ren, Tianzhou Wu, Lingling Yang, Jiang Li, Tan Li, Qun Cai, Suwan Sun, Beibei Guo, Xingping Zhou, Jiaxian Chen, Lulu He, Peng Li, Hui Yang, Wen Hu, Zhanglu An, Xiaojun Jin, Jin Tian, Baoju Wang, Xin Chen, Shaojie Xin, Jun Li
Summary: A new prognostic score based on six predictors was developed to accurately predict short-term mortality in patients with HBV-ACLF. This score outperformed four other commonly used scores in terms of predictive ability.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rodrigo Jose Videres Cordeiro de Brito, Rodrigo Feliciano do Carmo, Bruna Manuella Souza Silva, Ana Clara Santos Costa, Sura Wanessa Santos Rocha, Luydson Richardson Silva Vasconcelos, Leila Maria Moreira Beltrao Pereira, Patricia Muniz Mendes Freire de Moura
Summary: IL-22, IL-22R1, and IL-22BP may play important roles in the mechanisms of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C. IL-22-producing cells are more abundant in the early stages of liver fibrosis, while the immunostaining of IL-22R1 decreases as liver fibrosis progresses. IL-22BP-producing cells are higher in patients with cirrhosis.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Victoria Therese Muecke, Janett Fischer, Marcus Maximilian Muecke, Alexander Teumer, Alexander Koch, Johannes Vermehren, Malin Fromme, Stefan Zeuzem, Christian Trautwein, Christoph Sarrazin, Thomas Berg, Biaohuan Zhou, Karim Hamesch
Summary: This study found that the heterozygous Pi*Z allele is not a clinically relevant disease modifier in chronic hepatitis C infection, based on analysis of two cohorts. Further validation in larger cohorts with longitudinal follow-up is needed.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Ho Soo Chun, Mi Na Kim, Jae Seung Lee, Hye Won Lee, Beom Kyung Kim, Jun Yong Park, Do Young Kim, Sang Hoon Ahn, Seung Up Kim
Summary: The study found that sarcopenia is significantly linked to increased risk of significant liver fibrosis and ASCVD among subjects with MAFLD, suggesting that assessing sarcopenia may be beneficial for risk stratification in this population.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Sheng-Hung Chen, Chia-Lin Huang, I-Ping Chiang, Tzu-Ching Chang, Hung-Wei Wang, Wei-Fan Hsu, Tsung-Yu Tsai, Cheng-Yuan Peng
Summary: This study found that in patients with chronic hepatitis C, viral eradication treatment significantly downregulated liver angiogenesis, which was significantly correlated with the regression of liver fibrosis, indicating that liver angiogenesis plays an important role in the progression of liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C patients post viral eradication.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Richmond T. Bergner, Sarah Onida, Rahul Velineni, Konstantina Spagou, Manjit S. Gohel, Marielle Bouschbacher, Serge Bohbot, Joseph Shalhoub, Elaine Holmes, Alun H. Davies
Summary: The study aimed to identify potential biomarkers predictive of healing or failure to heal in venous leg ulceration. It found that serum biofluids could differentiate between healing and nonhealing patients, and the ratio of carnitine to ceramide could differentiate between healing phenotypes with 100% sensitivity, 79% specificity, and 91% accuracy. This metabolic signature has potential applications for disease prognostication and development of targeted therapies for venous leg ulceration.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Stephan Buch, Hamish Innes, Philipp Ludwig Lutz, Hans Dieter Nischalke, Jens U. Marquardt, Janett Fischer, Karl Heinz Weiss, Jonas Rosendahl, Astrid Marot, Marcin Krawczyk, Markus Casper, Frank Lammert, Florian Eyer, Arndt Vogel, Silke Marhenke, Johann von Felden, Rohini Sharma, Stephen Rahul Atkinson, Andrew McQuillin, Jacob Nattermann, Clemens Schafmayer, Andre Franke, Christian Strassburg, Marcella Rietschel, Heidi Altmann, Stefan Sulk, Veera Raghavan Thangapandi, Mario Brosch, Carolin Lackner, Rudolf E. Stauber, Ali Canbay, Alexander Link, Thomas Reiberger, Mattias Mandorfer, Georg Semmler, Bernhard Scheiner, Christian Datz, Stefano Romeo, Stefano Ginanni Corradini, William Lucien Irving, Joanne R. Morling, Indra Neil Guha, Eleanor Barnes, M. Azim Ansari, Jocelyn Quistrebert, Luca Valenti, Sacha A. Mueller, Marsha Yvonne Morgan, Jean-Francois Dufour, Jonel Trebicka, Thomas Berg, Pierre Deltenre, Sebastian Mueller, Jochen Hampe, Felix Stickel
Summary: This study identifies rs2242652 in TERT as a novel protective factor for HCC in patients with alcohol-related cirrhosis.
Article
Pathology
Lucy M. V. Gee, Ben Barron-Millar, Jack Leslie, Claire Richardson, Marco Y. W. Zaki, Saimir Luli, Rachel A. Burgoyne, Rainie I. T. Cameron, Graham R. Smith, John G. Brain, Barbara Innes, Laura Jopson, Jessica K. Dyson, Katherine R. C. McKay, Alexandros Pechlivanis, Elaine Holmes, Rolando Berlinguer-Palmini, Stella Victorelli, George F. Mells, Richard N. Sandford, Jeremy Palmer, John A. Kirby, Christos Kiourtis, Joao Mokochinski, Zoe Hall, Thomas G. Bird, Lee A. Borthwick, Christopher M. Morris, Peter S. Hanson, Diana Jurk, Elizabeth A. Stoll, Fiona E. N. LeBeau, David E. J. Jones, Fiona Oakley
Summary: Patients with cholestatic liver disease can experience cognitive impairments, but the underlying cellular mechanisms are poorly understood. This study used a rodent model and human neuronal cell cultures to explore the neurocognitive symptoms and potential therapies. The results showed that obeticholic acid, a second-line anti-cholestatic agent, could normalize memory function and reverse neuronal senescence.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Rachel Pryke, Neil Guha
Summary: Addressing primary care's low confidence in detecting and managing chronic liver disease is crucial due to the rising prevalence of lifestyle-related risk factors. Education for primary care should focus on distinguishing fibrosis risk and emphasizing the limitations of minor liver function abnormalities. Aligning liver disease management with other metabolic disorders and developing local fibrosis assessment pathways can lead to improved care and reduced testing. Increasing the value of existing monitoring is more important than generating additional work.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Hamish Innes, Indra Neil Guha
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Francesca M. Trovato, Rabiya Zia, Florent Artru, Salma Mujib, Ellen Jerome, Anna Cavazza, Muireann Coen, Ian Wilson, Elaine Holmes, Phillip Morgan, Arjuna Singanayagam, Christine Bernsmeier, Salvatore Napoli, William Bernal, Julia Wendon, Rosa Miquel, Krishna Menon, Vishal C. Patel, John Smith, Stephen R. Atkinson, Evangelos Triantafyllou, Mark J. W. McPhail
Summary: A metabolome study found that ALF patients have dysregulated metabolism and immune responses, potentially mediated by the LPC-ATX-LPA pathway.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Victoria Hamill, Will Gelson, Douglas MacDonald, Paul Richardson, Stephen D. D. Ryder, Mark Aldersley, Stuart McPherson, Sumita Verma, Rohini Sharma, Sharon Hutchinson, Jennifer Benselin, Eleanor Barnes, Indra Neil Guha, William L. L. Irving, Hamish Innes
Summary: This study found that the uptake of biannual ultrasound surveillance in cured hepatitis C cirrhosis patients in the UK is low and there is inequity in its delivery. Only 19% of patients received biannual ultrasound in the first three years after achieving a sustained viral response, and this proportion decreased further to 9% during the follow-up years. The uptake of biannual ultrasound was associated with the hospital attended by the patient, as well as age and cirrhosis decompensation.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Helene Ruffieux, Aimee L. Hanson, Samantha Lodge, Nathan G. Lawler, Luke Whiley, Nicola Gray, Tui H. Nolan, Laura Bergamaschi, Federica Mescia, Lorinda Turner, Aloka de Sa, Victoria S. Pelly, Prasanti Kotagiri, Nathalie R. Kingston, John Bradley, Elaine Holmes, Julien K. Wist, Jeremy A. Nicholson, Paul Lyons, Kenneth G. C. Smith, Sylvia Richardson, Glenn Bantug, Christoph Hess
Summary: We analyzed detailed longitudinal phenotyping data from 215 individuals with varying disease severities to understand the biology behind individual patient responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our findings revealed distinct profiles of 'systemic recovery', including the progression and resolution of inflammatory, immune cell, metabolic, and clinical responses. We identified strong correlations between innate immune cell numbers, kynurenine metabolites, and lipid metabolites, which have implications for homeostasis restoration, risk of death, and long COVID.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Sung-Tong Chin, Gerhard Hoerlendsberger, Kok Wai Wong, Sirui Li, Sze How Bong, Luke Whiley, Julien Wist, Reika Masuda, Johan Greeff, Elaine Holmes, Jeremy K. Nicholson, Ruey Leng Loo
Summary: In this study, a one-step isopropanol method and a two-step methyl-tert-butyl ether method were compared for extracting lipid species in chicken egg yolks before LC-MS/MS analysis. The isopropanol method showed high reproducibility in extracting 937 lipid species from 20 major lipid subclasses. Machine learning techniques successfully differentiated cage, barn, and free-range eggs with high accuracy. The lipid profiles of these eggs were found to be characteristic and could be used for verifying the provenance of conventional chicken eggs.
Review
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
David Felipe Garcia Mendez, Janeth Sanabria, Julien Wist, Elaine Holmes
Summary: Since the early 1980s, researchers have developed in vitro models of the human gastrointestinal system for studying the gut microbiome ecology. Simulating all features and conditions of the gastrointestinal system using a bioreactor is a significant challenge. Despite advances in simulating functionalities such as temperature and pH control, more work is needed to make the models closer to in vivo conditions. In this review, the impact of key operational parameters on gut microbial ecology is discussed, highlighting the advantages and limitations of current bioreactor systems.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Monique J. Ryan, Alanah Grant-St James, Nathan G. Lawler, Mark W. Fear, Edward Raby, Fiona M. Wood, Garth L. Maker, Julien Wist, Elaine Holmes, Jeremy K. Nicholson, Luke Whiley, Nicola Gray
Summary: This study presents an optimized comprehensive targeted workflow for plasma and serum lipid quantification, which combines stable isotope internal standard dilution, automated sample preparation, and ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with rapid polarity switching. The method is robust to common sources of analytical variation and is suitable for large-scale, multibatch applications in precision medicine.
JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Laura Martinez-Gili, Alexandros Pechlivanis, Julie A. K. McDonald, Sofina Begum, Jonathan Badrock, Jessica K. Dyson, Rebecca Jones, Gideon Hirschfield, Stephen D. Ryder, Richard Sandford, Simon Rushbrook, Douglas Thorburn, Simon D. Taylor-Robinson, Mary M. E. Crossey, Julian R. Marchesi, George Mells, Elaine Holmes, David Jones
Summary: A study on patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) showed that there is variation in response to ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) treatment. Responders exhibited high levels of secondary and tertiary bile acids, while non-responders had lower urinary bile acid levels and higher levels of 12-dehydrocholic acid. Additionally, non-responders showed lower gut microbiota diversity and lower capacity for bile acid deconjugation.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sofina Begum, Samantha Lodge, Drew Hall, Blair Z. Johnson, Sze How Bong, Luke Whiley, Nicola Gray, Vanessa S. Fear, Mark W. Fear, Elaine Holmes, Fiona M. Wood, Jeremy K. Nicholson
Summary: Burn injury in children has long-term effects on metabolism and physiology, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. However, little is known about the metabolic trajectory and specific health outcomes.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Emergency Medicine
Eva Kierath, Monique Ryan, Elaine Holmes, Jeremy K. Nicholson, Mark W. Fear, Fiona M. Wood, Luke Whiley, Nicola Gray
Summary: Background: Non-severe paediatric burns can result in poor long-term health outcomes, even in cases with good acute burn-related outcomes. The mechanisms underlying this transition from non-severe burn to sustained negative long-term health impacts remain unknown. This study aimed to investigate the role of plasma lipidome changes in reflecting underlying changes in health status and linking to long-term health after burn trauma in children. Methods: The lipidome was analyzed in children who had previously experienced a non-severe burn, compared to non-injured controls. Results: The analysis revealed significantly higher concentrations of lysophosphatidylethanolamines and phosphatidylethanolamines, and significantly lower concentrations of myristic, palmitic, and palmitoleic acids in the plasma of burn-injured children compared to controls. Conclusion: Long-term changes in the lipid profile may provide insight into the mechanisms underlying poor long-term health after non-severe burn injury. Further investigation is needed to understand the relationship between long-term pathology and lipidomic changes for clinical intervention to reduce the long-term health burden post-burn trauma.
Article
Biophysics
Jose Ivan Serrano-Contreras, John C. Lindon, Gary Frost, Elaine Holmes, Jeremy K. Nicholson, Isabel Garcia-Perez
Summary: NMR spectroscopy is an important technique in metabolic profiling, but metabolite identification is often hindered by peak overlap. Recently developed pure shift NMR spectroscopy has the potential to simplify complex proton NMR spectra and aid metabolite identification. In this study, two complementary approaches to spectral simplification were evaluated, and both methods were found to improve resolution of resonances and enhance metabolite identification. These methods are easy to implement and the strong coupling artifacts contain latent connectivity information that can be used to enhance metabolite identification.
NMR IN BIOMEDICINE
(2023)