Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Natasha K. Leeuwendaal, Catherine Stanton, Paul W. O'Toole, Tom P. Beresford
Summary: Fermented foods have been a part of human diet for thousands of years and have a diverse range in the 21st century. Research has shown that bioactive peptides and microbial metabolites in fermented foods have positive effects on human health. Each type of fermented food hosts a specific population of microorganisms, which can survive in the gut and interact with the gut microbiome. This review examines the fermentation process, microorganisms involved, potential health benefits, and the impact of fermented foods on the gut microbiome.
Editorial Material
Oncology
Steven D. Green, Joshua F. Zeidner
Summary: Azacitidine and venetoclax are commonly used as first-line treatment for newly diagnosed unfit acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. However, in patients with TP53 mutations and poor-risk cytogenetics, the addition of venetoclax to azacitidine does not provide significant benefits. It is important to consider alternative treatment regimens for these patients.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Roland Roller, Aljoscha Burchardt, David Samhammer, Simon Ronicke, Wiebke Duettmann, Sven Schmeier, Sebastian Moeller, Peter Dabrock, Klemens Budde, Manuel Mayrdorfer, Bilgin Osmanodja
Summary: This article discusses the application of machine learning models in healthcare and presents a multidisciplinary view of medical decision support systems. It covers information technology, medical, and ethical aspects and provides insights into implementing and evaluating these systems in a clinical setting.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Alexis Bretin, Beng San Yeoh, Vu L. Ngo, Lavanya Reddivari, Michael Pellizzon, Matam Vijay-Kumar, Andrew T. Gewirtz
Summary: The impacts of dietary fiber on intestinal inflammation are complex, but specific semi-purified fibers such as psyllium can protect against colitis. Psyllium's protection against colitis and metabolic syndrome is independent of the FXR bile acid receptor and fermentation, but requires the presence of a minimal microbiota. Psyllium enriches the high-fat diet and provides strong protection against gut inflammation and metabolic consequences induced by obesity.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Luca Massimino, Sara Lovisa, Luigi Antonio Lamparelli, Silvio Danese, Federica Ungaro
Summary: The human gut microbiota, composed of bacteria and viruses, may play a role in the onset and progression of colorectal cancer. While the involvement of eukaryotic viruses in early colorectal carcinogenesis is underexplored, advancements in computational biology and bioinformatics offer the potential to establish a direct causative link between the intestinal virome and CRC, leading to innovative therapeutic strategies.
COMPUTATIONAL AND STRUCTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Mandy Karnauskas, John F. Walter, Christopher R. Kelble, Matthew McPherson, Skyler R. Sagarese, J. Kevin Craig, Adyan Rios, William J. Harford, Seann Regan, Steven D. Giordano, Morgan Kilgour
Summary: The EBFM framework has solid theoretical justification but faces challenges in systematic implementation. Strong governance regions have successfully managed single-species stocks, but a limited set of management objectives can lead to inefficiencies and unintended consequences. Emphasizing human values, identifying system-level objectives, and transparently evaluating management actions can lead to reduced conflict and improved stakeholder support for governance. Increased attention to ecosystem objectives and trade-offs can enhance management outcomes.
FISH AND FISHERIES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Oscar Samuelsson, Erik U. Lindblom, Anders Bjork, Bengt Carlsson
Summary: Sensors used for control in water resources facilities rely on uncertain laboratory measurements for calibration, but the current calibration practices lack theoretical understanding of how measurement uncertainties affect control action. The effects of using a calibration threshold are unknown, resulting in many processes being controlled by measurements with unknown accuracy. A simple model was developed to study sensor accuracy under varying calibration thresholds, showing no practical gain from using a threshold except when calibration is more time-consuming than validation. Consistently executing calibration yielded the best accuracy, contradicting common practice.
Editorial Material
Hematology
Roger Belizaire, Sean R. Stowell
Summary: In this study, it was found that iron repletion in iron-deficient blood donors does not improve posttransfusion recovery of subsequently donated red blood cell units or the quality of life and cognitive performance of the blood donors.
Review
Oncology
Gianpietro Semenzato, Antonella Teramo, Giulia Calabretto, Vanessa Rebecca Gasparini, Renato Zambello
Summary: LGL disorders are rare hematological neoplasias with phenotypic, genotypic, and clinical heterogeneity. STAT signaling plays a crucial role in abnormal cell survival. STAT3 and STAT5b mutations are the most common genetic lesions in T-LGL leukemia and have important implications for diagnosis and classification.
Review
Cell Biology
Bodo C. Melnik, Gerd Schmitz
Summary: Recent studies in Sweden have shown that the intake of non-fermented pasteurized milk may increase mortality, while fermented milk products, especially yogurt, have beneficial health effects. Non-fermented pasteurized milk may shorten lifespan by activating mTORC1 signaling, while fermented milk products can degrade harmful substances.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2021)
Editorial Material
Ecology
Byron B. Lamont
Summary: Zylstra et al. recently reported that after 75 years without burning, wet sclerophyll forest experiences a significant decrease in flammability, requiring a reevaluation of fire management. This finding also emphasizes the vertical dimension of fires, highlighting the benefits of a mosaic of fire types (high pyrodiversity) for species conservation.
TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Bhuwan Bhaskar, Anupam Bhattacharya, Atanu Adak, Santanu Das, Mojibur R. Khan
Summary: A study on fermented rice beverages in India found that they can alter gut bacterial diversity. Further experiments on mice revealed that different components of the beverage can change gut bacteria and have positive effects on gut health. Additionally, the study found flavor components of the beverage in the mice's feces and that drinking the beverage can lower blood endotoxin levels.
FERMENTATION-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Na Rae Shin, Shambhunath Bose, Yura Choi, Young-Mi Kim, Young-Won Chin, Eun-Ji Song, Young-Do Nam, Hojun Kim
Summary: The study revealed that fermented Panax notoginseng extract showed benefits in reducing food and calorie intake, as well as affecting gut microbial composition leading to anti-obesity effects.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Communication
James Steinhoff
Summary: This article explores the use of synthetic data as an alternative to surveillance for data-intensive companies. It argues that synthetic data, which is artificially produced and detached from human subjectivity, aligns with the capitalist trend of autonomization of capital circulation. The creation of synthetic data not only allows companies to bypass surveillance but also contributes to the automation of production in technologies like machine learning. The shift from surveillance to synthesis has significant epistemological, ontological, and political economic implications in a society driven by data-intensive capital.
NEW MEDIA & SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
J. Zak, D. Jones, H. M. J. Boffin, P. G. Beck, J. Klencki, J. Bodensteiner, T. Shenar, H. Van Winckel, M. Skarka, K. Arellano-Cordova, J. Viuho, P. Sowicka, E. W. Guenther, A. Hatzes
Summary: The search for dormant black holes has been ongoing for decades. Ellipsoidal variables are believed to be one of the best ways to find such black holes, but they are not a guaranteed method. In this study, the discovery of a new semidetached interacting binary, V1315 Cas, which was initially identified as an ellipsoidal variable, is reported. Through various analyses, characteristics such as the masses, radii, and evolutionary age of the binary system were determined. The study also suggests the presence of carbon depletion, nitrogen overabundance, and circumstellar or circumbinary disc in the system.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)