Review
Microbiology
Rodney D. Adam
Summary: Giardia duodenalis, initially observed by Leeuwenhoek in 1681, gained attention as a human pathogen in the 1960s. Advances in technology have provided insights into its biology and immunology, revealing the importance of a balanced host immune response and the role of the Th17 response. Infection with Giardia can result in a wide range of symptoms, highlighting the complexity of host-parasite interactions.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Matthew A. Hulverson, Samantha A. Michaels, Jin Woo Lee, Karen L. Wendt, Linh T. Tran, Ryan Choi, Wesley C. Van Voorhis, Robert H. Cichewicz, Kayode K. Ojo
Summary: In this study, natural products and fungal extracts were screened for their ability to inhibit the growth of Giardia lamblia, leading to the discovery of novel chemical scaffolds that can potentially be developed into effective antigiardial agents.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Parasitology
Juri Kim, Eun-Ah Park, Mee Young Shin, Soon-Jung Park
Summary: This study confirms the transcriptional activation function of GlMyb2 during encystation in Giardia lamblia. Through chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments and quantitative real-time PCR, several target genes of GlMyb2 were identified, with a detailed analysis on the promoter region of glcwp1 gene.
PARASITES & VECTORS
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Carlos Gaona-Lopez, Ana Veronica Martinez-Vazquez, Juan Carlos Villalobos-Rocha, Karina Janett Juarez-Rendon, Gildardo Rivera
Summary: This article mainly discusses the issue of diarrhea caused by Giardia lamblia and points out its harm to children and adults worldwide. Although giardiasis is considered a major disease in low-income and developing countries, current migratory flows have caused an increase in giardiasis cases in high-income countries. This article focuses on the nucleolus of G. lamblia, discusses possible therapeutic targets, and describes some drugs under research that could be effective against this parasite.
Article
Environmental Studies
Qi Liao, Heng Zeng
Summary: This study evaluates the dynamic impact of natural resources, ICT, and FD on economic growth in eleven developing economies. It confirms the presence of a curse paradox associated with natural resources, while financial development and ICT encourage sustainable growth.
Article
Parasitology
Eun-Ah Park, Juri Kim, Mee Young Shin, Soon-Jung Park
Summary: The study reveals the role of GlPLK in Giardia cell division, especially during cytokinesis, and its involvement in flagella formation.
PARASITES & VECTORS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sunil Tulshiram Hajare, Yeinewub Chekol, Nitin Mahendra Chauhan
Summary: Giardiasis, a protozoan disease caused by the parasite Giardia lamblia, has a high global infection rate. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated risk factors of G. lamblia infection among elementary school children in Loka Abaya town, Ethiopia. The study found that factors such as rural school location, age group of 6-9 years, consuming tap water, hand washing habits after defecation, and the use of soap and water for hand washing were associated with the parasite infection. Therefore, scaling up access to safe water, toilets, education, and health facilities is crucial in addressing this issue.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Tanja E. Peters, Benno Kreuels, Marylyn M. Addo, Egbert Tannich, Camilla Rothe
Summary: This study analyzed 339 cases of returning travellers with confirmed giardiasis between 2007 and 2016 in Hamburg, Germany, finding a significantly higher risk of treatment failure with metronidazole for patients returning from South Asia. Second-line treatment regimens showed inconsistency and unsatisfactory results, suggesting a need for reevaluation of treatment strategies for giardiasis. Prospective trials are urgently needed to assess new first-line treatment options and improve second-line treatment strategies.
TRAVEL MEDICINE AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Parasitology
Marlene Benchimol
Summary: Giardia intestinalis is a parasitic protozoan that causes waterborne diarrhoea and interacts with large materials, displaying an amoeboid shape and membrane projections when in contact with microorganisms. Large vacuoles containing large beads are found intracellularly, indicating the ingestion of large materials by Giardia.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Oystein H. Johansen, Alemseged Abdissa, Mike Zangenberg, Zeleke Mekonnen, Beza Eshetu, Ola Bjorang, Yonas Alemu, Bizuwarek Sharew, Nina Langeland, Lucy J. Robertson, Kurt Hanevik
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and operational feasibility of LED-AP and lateral-flow test strip for cryptosporidiosis in children. The results showed that both LED-AP and lateral-flow test strip had high sensitivity and specificity for cryptosporidiosis, indicating their potential as diagnostic tools in low-resource settings.
LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Mihret Tilahun, Alemu Gedefie, Chernet Belayhun, Zenawork Sahle, Admasu Abera
Summary: Helicobacter pylori and Giardia lamblia are common gastrointestinal pathogens. Coinfection of these two can cause serious damage to the host and requires laboratory diagnosis for differentiation.
INFECTION AND DRUG RESISTANCE
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Shamsun Nahar Shaima, Sumon Kumar Das, Shahnawaz Ahmed, Yasmin Jahan, Soroar Hossain Khan, Gazi Md. Salahuddin Mamun, Abu Sadat Mohammad Sayeem Bin Shahid, Irin Parvin, Tahmeed Ahmed, A. S. G. Faruque, Mohammod Jobayer Chisti
Summary: The study found a significant association between symptomatic giardiasis and worsening of nutritional status in children under five, with asymptomatic giardia infection rates of 21.7% and 30.7% in Asian and African regions, respectively. Symptomatic giardiasis was more frequently associated with wasting and underweight.
Article
Parasitology
Marlene Benchimol, Wanderley de Souza
Summary: Giardia is a group of parasitic protists that cause diarrhea diseases in humans and animals worldwide. A recent study discovered the presence of Giardia-like trophozoites in the gut of termites for the first time, showing two groups of Giardia with differences in external morphology, possibly belonging to the same species.
PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Perrine Marcenac, Awa Traore, Sunkyung Kim, Graeme Prentice-Mott, David M. Berendes, Helen Powell, Irene N. Kasumba, Dilruba Nasrin, Joquina Chiquita M. Jones, Syed M. A. Zaman, John B. Ochieng, Jane Juma, Doh Sanogo, Marc-Alain Widdowson, Jennifer R. Verani, Jie Liu, Eric R. Houpt, M. . Jahangir Hossain, Samba O. Sow, Richard Omore, Sharon M. Tennant, Eric D. Mintz, Karen L. Kotloff
Summary: This study investigated the codetection of Giardia and other enteric pathogens in children under 5 years old in Kenya, The Gambia, and Mali, and found that Giardia may affect the colonization or infection of other enteric pathogens, thereby impacting the occurrence of diarrhea.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Parasitology
Mari Shiratori, Abhishek Patel, Richard W. Gerhold, Steven A. Sullivan, Jane M. Carlton
Summary: Recent studies have shown that Trichomonas vaginalis can establish persistent infections in the vagina, and this understudied infection can have adverse consequences such as increased risk of HIV-1 infection and cervical cancer. Further research on the spherical form of T. vaginalis called 'pseudocyst' and persistent infections is necessary to improve the diagnosis and treatment of trichomoniasis.
TRENDS IN PARASITOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Allergy
Carla E. Tarazona-Meza, Andrew Nicholson, Karina M. Romero, Suzanne L. Pollard, Rocio M. Galvez-Davila, Nadia N. Hansel, William Checkley
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jiawen Liao, John P. McCracken, Ricardo Piedrahita, Lisa Thompson, Erick Mollinedo, Eduardo Canuz, Oscar De Leon, Anaite Diaz-Artiga, Michael Johnson, Maggie Clark, Ajay Pillarisetti, Katherine Kearns, Luke Naeher, Kyle Steenland, William Checkley, Jennifer Peel, Thomas F. Clasen
JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Carmelia Alae-Carew, Pauline Scheelbeek, Rodrigo M. Carrillo-Larco, Antonio Bernabe-Ortiz, William Checkley, J. Jaime Miranda
PUBLIC HEALTH NUTRITION
(2020)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Maria P. Diaz-Soto, Brooks W. Morgan, Long Davalos, Phabiola Herrera, Joshua Denney, Rollin Roldan, Enrique Paz, Amador A. Jaymez, Eduardo E. Chirinos, Jose Portugal, Rocio Quispe, Roy G. Brower, William Checkley
CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2020)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Sarina K. Sahetya, T. David Wu, Brooks Morgan, Phabiola Herrera, Rollin Roldan, Enrique Paz, Amador A. Jaymez, Eduardo Chirinos, Jose Portugal, Rocio Quispe, Roy G. Brower, William Checkley
CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2020)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Josiah L. Kephart, Magdalena Fandino-Del-Rio, Kendra N. Williams, Gary Malpartida, Kyle Steenland, Luke P. Naeher, Gustavo F. Gonzales, Marilu Chiang, William Checkley, Kirsten Koehler
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Vanessa J. Burrowes, Ricardo Piedrahita, Ajay Pillarisetti, Lindsay J. Underhill, Magdalena Fandino-Del-Rio, Michael Johnson, Josiah L. Kephart, Stella M. Hartinger, Kyle Steenland, Luke Naeher, Katie Kearns, Jennifer L. Peel, Maggie L. Clark, William Checkley, Kalpana Balakrishnan, William Checkley, Thomas Clasen, John McCracken, Jennifer Peel, Ghislaine Rosa, Joshua Rosenthal, Kyle Steenland, Lisa Thompson, Vigneswari Aravindalochanan, Kalpana Balakrishnan, Sarada Garg, Gurusamy Thangavel, Krishnendu Mukhopadhyay, Naveen Puttaswamy, Sankar Sambandam, Oscar De Leon, Erick Mollinedo, Anaite Diaz, Irma Sayury Pineda Fuentes, John McCracken, Lisa Thompson, Vanessa Burrowes, Eduardo Canuz, William Checkley, Marilu Chiang, Stella Hartinger, Phabiola Herrera, Margaret Laws, Lawrence Moulton, Suzanne Simkovich, Lindsay Underhill, Kendra Williams, Jean de Dieu Ntivuguruzwa, Miles Kirby, Fiona Majorin, Abidan Nambajimana, Florien Ndagijimana, Ghislaine Rosa, Jean Uwizeyimana, Steven Harvey, Marjorie Howard, J. Jaime Miranda, Elisa Puzzolo, Ashlinn Quinn, Zoe Sakas, Kendra Williams, Dana Barr, Julia McPeek Campbell, Maggie Clark, Savannah Gupton, Sarah Rajkumar, Barry Ryan, Bonnie Young, Howard Chang, Yunyun Chen, Lisa Elon, Lindsay Jaacks, Shirin Jabbarzadeh, Amy Lovvorn, Azhar Nizam, Amit Verma, Lance Waller, William Checkley, Rachel Craik, Rachel Merrick, Victor Davila-Roman, Lisa de la Fuentes, Aris Papageorghiou, Ashley Toenjes, Michael Johnson, Jiawen Liao, Luke Naeher, Ricardo Piedrahita, Ajay Pillarisetti, Jeremy Sarnat, Kirk Smith, Marilu Chiang, Anaite Diaz, Lindsay Jaacks, Miles Kirby, Usha Ramakrishnan, Lisa Thompson, Sheela Sinharoy, William Checkley, Thomas Clasen, Mary Crocker, Dina Goodman, Shakir Hossen, Miles Kirby, Eric McCollum, John McCracken, Jennifer Peel, Ghislaine Rosa, Suzanne Simkovich, Kyle Steenland, Sarada Garg, Gurusamy Thangavel, Lisa Thompson, Eduardo Canuz, Anaite Diaz, Margaret Laws, Amy Lovvorn, Phabiola Herrera, Gurusamy Thangavel, Jean Uwizeyimana, Juan Gabriel Espinoza
Correction
Environmental Sciences
Jiawen Liao, John P. McCracken, Ricardo Piedrahita, Lisa Thompson, Erick Mollinedo, Eduardo Canuz, Oscar De Leon, Anaite Diaz-Artiga, Michael Johnson, Maggie Clark, Ajay Pillarisetti, Katherine Kearns, Luke Naeher, Kyle Steenland, William Checkley, Jennifer Peel, Thomas F. Clasen
JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Abdullah H. Baqui, Eric D. McCollum, Arif Mahmud, Arunangshu Roy, Nabidul H. Chowdhury, Iftekhar Rafiqullah, Syed Jafar Raza Rizvi, Nazma Begum, Dipak K. Mitra, Rasheda Khanam, Meagan Harrison, Salahuddin Ahmed, Md Hasanuzzaman, Hafizur Rahman, Maksuda Islam, Zabed B. Ahmed, Md Abdul Quaiyum, Alain Koffi, Nicole Simmons, William Checkley, Lawrence H. Moulton, Mathuram Santosham, Samir K. Saha
Article
Respiratory System
Alex Kayongo, Adaeze C. Wosu, Tasmia Naz, Faith Nassali, Robert Kalyesubula, Bruce Kirenga, Robert A. Wise, Trishul Siddharthan, William Checkley
COPD-JOURNAL OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE
(2020)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Thomas Clasen, William Checkley, Jennifer L. Peel, Kalpana Balakrishnan, John P. McCracken, Ghislaine Rosa, Lisa M. Thompson, Dana Boyd Barr, Maggie L. Clark, Michael A. Johnson, Lance A. Waller, Lindsay M. Jaacks, Kyle Steenland, J. Jaime Miranda, Howard H. Chang, Dong-Yun Kim, Eric D. McCollum, Victor G. Davila-Roman, Aris Papageorghiou, Joshua P. Rosenthal
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES
(2020)
Editorial Material
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Salahuddin Ahmed, Tisungane Mvalo, Samuel Akech, Ambrose Agweyu, Kevin Baker, Naor Bar-Zeev, Harry Campbell, William Checkley, Mohammod Jobayer Chisti, Tim Colbourn, Steve Cunningham, Trevor Duke, Mike English, Adegoke G. Falade, Nicholas S. S. Fancourt, Amy S. Ginsburg, Hamish R. Graham, Diane M. Gray, Madhu Gupta, Laura Hammitt, Anneke C. Hesseling, Shubhada Hooli, Abdul-Wahab B. R. Johnson, Carina King, Miles A. Kirby, Claudio F. Lanata, Norman Lufesi, Grant A. Mackenzie, John P. McCracken, Peter P. Moschovis, Harish Nair, Osawaru Oviawe, William S. Pomat, Mathuram Santosham, James A. Seddon, Lineo Keneuoe Thahane, Brian Wahl, Marieke van der Zalm, Charl Verwey, Lay-Myint Yoshida, Heather J. Zar, Stephen R. C. Howie, Eric D. McCollum
Article
Infectious Diseases
Eva H. Clark, Caryn Bern
Summary: There are still many unanswered questions regarding Trypanosoma cruzi infection in people with HIV, with reported prevalence ranging from 1-28%. HIV-infected individuals are at risk for a severe and often fatal form of T. cruzi-mediated disease called reactivation disease, and early detection through screening at HIV diagnosis is critical for prevention.
TROPICAL MEDICINE AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Studies
Kendra N. Williams, Josiah L. Kephart, Magdalena Fandino-Del-Rio, Leonora Condori, Kirsten Koehler, Lawrence H. Moulton, William Checkley, Steven A. Harvey, Gustavo F. Gonzales, Luke Naeher, Joshua Rosenthal, N. Kyle Steenland, Theresa Aguilar, Vanessa Burrowes, Elizabeth C. Fung, Dina Goodman, Phabiola Herrera, Alexander Lee, Kathryn A. Lee, Catherine H. Miele, Mitra Moazzami, Lawrence Moulton, Saachi Nangia, Carolyn J. O'Brian, Timothy R. Shade, Suzanne Simkovich, Lena Stashko, Ariadne Villegas-Gomez, Abigail Winiker, Marilu Chiang, Gary Malpartida, Carla Tarazona-Meza, Victor Davila-Roman, Lisa de las Fuentes, Dana Barr Boyd, Maria Jolly, Angela Rozo
ENERGY RESEARCH & SOCIAL SCIENCE
(2020)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Mary E. Crocker, Shakir Hossen, Dina Goodman, Suzanne M. Simkovich, Miles Kirby, Lisa M. Thompson, Ghislaine Rosa, Sarada S. Garg, Gurusamy Thangavel, Eric D. McCollum, Jennifer Peel, Thomas Clasen, William Checkley
LANCET GLOBAL HEALTH
(2020)