Review
Orthopedics
Tzu- Yang, Yu-Hang Chen, Ming-Hsiu Chiang, Yi-Jie Kuo, Yu-Pin Chen
Summary: This study conducted a meta-analysis of previous studies and found a negative relationship between body weight and long-term and short-term mortality after hip fracture surgery in older adults. The group with obesity had lower mortality rates, while the underweight group had higher mortality rates.
JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC SURGERY AND RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ted D. Adams, Huong Meeks, Alison Fraser, Lance E. Davidson, John Holmen, Michael Newman, Anna R. Ibele, Mary Playdon, Sheetal Hardikar, Nathan Richards, Steven C. Hunt, Jaewhan Kim
Summary: This study found that bariatric surgery patients had a 25% lower risk of developing cancer compared to a nonsurgical comparison group. Among female patients, the risk of developing cancer was reduced by 67% and cancer mortality was significantly lower by 53% after surgery.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Isao Tamura, Hiroshi Tamura, Mai Kawamoto-Jozaki, Yumiko Doi-Tanaka, Haruka Takagi, Yuichiro Shirafuta, Yumiko Mihara, Ryo Maekawa, Toshiaki Taketani, Shun Sato, Norihiro Sugino
Summary: The study found that melatonin can attenuate body weight gain in aging female mice by inhibiting abdominal fat deposition and altering liver metabolism. These results provide a new therapeutic approach for preventing chronic diseases.
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Katarzyna Ilowiecka, Pawel Glibowski, Michal Skrzypek, Wojciech Styk
Summary: The study suggests that post-therapeutic support after weight loss can increase the chances of long-term weight maintenance in obesity treatment, and may be influenced by certain genotypes.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Barbara Lisowska-Myjak, Hanna Zborowska, Slawomir Bialek, Piotr Wroczynski, Marek Kuch, Ewa Skarzyzska
Summary: Investigating the association between serum thyroid hormone levels, triglyceride concentrations, and anthropometric parameters in young women, this study found that thyroid function is not related to body mass index (BMI) in healthy young women, but serum thyroid hormone levels are higher in overweight individuals. Moreover, the correlation between thyroid hormones and triglycerides differs in underweight and normal-weight women.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Joanna Szczyrska, Michal Brzezinski, Agnieszka Szlagatys-Sidorkiewicz
Summary: This study assessed the long-term effects of a 12-month weight-loss program in children with excess body weight and found that younger girls who participated in the program benefited the most.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Dagam Jeong, Ronny Priefer
Summary: As the prevalence of obesity increases, more and more weight loss drugs have been developed. This review evaluates current weight loss pharmaceutical options based on their duration of therapy status.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Claude Marcus, Pernilla Danielsson, Emilia Hagman
Summary: Childhood obesity is a serious problem that increases the risk of various diseases, including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and autoimmune diseases. Weight loss can help reduce these risks, especially if achieved before puberty.
JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Cong Wang, Kai Gu, Fei Wang, Hui Cai, Wei Zheng, Pingping Bao, Xiao-Ou Shu
Summary: The study found that long-term nut consumption is associated with better overall survival and disease-free survival among breast cancer survivors. The association follows a dose-response pattern and is related to energy intake and breast cancer staging.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
KayLoni L. Olson, Tyler T. Thaxton, Jacob D. Landers, Charles F. Emery
Summary: The goal of this study was to determine the impact of targeting body shape concern (BSC) on long-term weight change among adult women. The results showed that targeting BSC may improve long-term weight loss, but did not reach clinical targets. Participants in the body project intervention group showed greater improvements in weight management and body image. This study is of importance for optimizing weight-related health care.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EATING DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jian Hou, Jianjun Gu, Xiaotian Liu, Runqi Tu, Xiaokang Dong, Ruiying Li, Zhenxing Mao, Wenqian Huo, Gongbo Chen, Mingming Pan, Yuming Guo, Shanshan Li, Chongjian Wang
Summary: The study found that obesity amplifies the effects of exposure to high levels of air pollutants on blood pressure values and prevalent hypertension, suggesting that obese individuals may be more susceptible to the influence of air pollution. The results provide important information for exploring the interactive effects of air pollution and obesity on blood pressure and hypertension in rural adults.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Simone Perna, Zahra Ilyas, Attilio Giacosa, Clara Gasparri, Gabriella Peroni, Milena Anna Faliva, Chiara Rigon, Maurizio Naso, Antonella Riva, Giovanna Petrangolini, Ali A. Redha, Mariangela Rondanelli
Summary: This meta-analysis study found that probiotic supplementation can significantly reduce BMI, waist circumference, and hip circumference in overweight and obese patients, but the effect on body weight is not significant. Although there is a positive trend, further research is needed before recommending probiotics as a therapeutic strategy for these patients.
Article
Oncology
Qi Jin, Jinesh Gheeya, Sushma Nepal, Ni Shi, Edmund Folefac, Maxine Z. Webb, Elizabeth M. Grainger, Lai Wei, Jason M. Prosek, Brian C. Focht, Michael Gong, Steven K. Clinton, Fred K. Tabung
Summary: This study examined the association between different dietary quality measures and the risk of kidney cancer. The findings suggest that low-insulinemic dietary patterns and higher quality diets may be beneficial for kidney cancer prevention and improved survivorship.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Nina Rogers, Steven Cummins, Hannah J. Forde, Catrin Jones, Oliver Mytton, Harry Rutter, Stephen Sharp, Dolly Theis, Martin White, Jean Adams
Summary: This study examined the changes in obesity prevalence among 4 to 5-year-old and 10 to 11-year-old children in the UK 19 months after the implementation of a two-tier soft drinks industry levy (SDIL) aimed at reducing sugar content in beverages. The results showed that the SDIL was associated with a decrease in obesity prevalence, particularly among girls in the most deprived areas. However, additional strategies are needed to reduce overall obesity prevalence, especially among older boys and younger children.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Bewunetu Zewude, Getahun Siraw, Belayneh Melese, Tewodros Habtegiorgis, Ashenafi Hizkeal, Mihret Tadele
Summary: This study found that most parents prefer their children to have a normal body weight and believe that average body size indicates good health. They control their children's food intake and encourage physical exercise to prevent obesity. Additionally, parents' preference for voluptuous body size of children is significantly associated with factors such as age, educational status, sex, and area of residence.
PSYCHOLOGY RESEARCH AND BEHAVIOR MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Editorial Material
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Symielle A. Gaston, Chandra L. Jackson
Summary: In this study, the researchers investigated inconsistencies in reporting of discrimination over time among Black and White adults. They found that the likelihood of reporting discrimination decreased over time, and individuals who experienced the most discrimination were also more likely to inconsistently report it. These findings highlight the importance of accurately estimating the burden of discrimination on health and addressing health inequities.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Alka M. Kanaya, Ann W. Hsing, Sela Panapasa, Namratha R. Kandula, Maria Rosario G. Araneta, Daichi Shimbo, Paul Wang, Scarlett L. Gomez, Jinkook Lee, K. M. Venkat Narayan, Marjorie K. L. Mala Mau, Sonali Bose, Martha L. Daviglus, Frank B. Hu, Nadia Islam, Chandra L. Jackson, Merle Kataoka-Yahiro, John S. K. Kauwe, Simin Liu, Grace X. Ma, Tung Nguyen, Latha Palaniappan, V. Wendy Setiawan, Chau Trinh-Shevrin, Janice Y. Tsoh, Dhananjay Vaidya, Barbara Vickrey, Thomas J. Wang, Nathan D. Wong, Sean Coady, Yuling Hong
Summary: Asian Americans, Native Hawaiians, and Pacific Islanders play a significant role in the U.S. population, yet research on these populations has been limited, with aggregated data masking important health disparities. A multidisciplinary workshop in 2021 highlighted the need for more data, collaborations, and investments to strengthen research efforts for prevention and intervention strategies.
ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Katie M. O'Brien, Alexander P. Keil, Quaker E. Harmon, Chandra L. Jackson, Alexandra J. White, Mary Diaz-Santana, Jack A. Taylor, Dale P. Sandler
Summary: The use of vitamin D supplements, particularly recent use, is inversely associated with breast cancer risk, especially for ductal carcinoma in situ.
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Kristen M. C. Malecki, Julie K. Andersen, Andrew M. Geller, G. Jean Harry, Chandra L. Jackson, Katherine A. James, Gary W. Miller, Mary Ann Ottinger
Summary: Environmental health sciences and aging biology, with significant overlaps in mission, are beginning to intersect for a better understanding of the impacts of environmental toxicant exposures and age-related outcomes. This scoping review identifies essential research initiatives, highlights overlaps and gaps in existing knowledge, and discusses new areas for synergistic research and policy development. Integrating aging biomarkers into environmental health assessments using technological advances offers new opportunities to bridge disciplinary gaps and advance a more complete mechanistic understanding of life-time exposures to toxicants and stressors.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Katie M. O'Brien, Quaker E. Harmon, Chandra L. Jackson, Mary Diaz-Santana, Jack A. Taylor, Clarice R. Weinberg, Dale P. Sandler
Summary: This study found that women with higher circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations had a lower risk of breast cancer, especially among Hispanic/Latina women. The association was weaker among Black/African American women. There was no clear association between 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (24,25(OH)2D) and breast cancer risk.
Article
Regional & Urban Planning
Patrice C. Williams, Andrew Binet, Dana M. Alhasan, Nyree M. Riley, Chandra L. Jackson
Summary: Urban planning for health equity should be guided by an intersectional approach, which helps understand the multiple factors contributing to health disparities. To promote health equity, planning researchers and practitioners can use four strategies: challenging assumptions, building cross-sectoral coalitions, applying transdisciplinary and co-designing approaches, and evaluating programs and policies using existing tools.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN PLANNING ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Dayna A. Johnson, Benjamin Reiss, Philip Cheng, Chandra L. Jackson
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Dana M. Alhasan, Matthew C. Lohman, Jana A. Hirsch, Maggi C. Miller, Bo Cai, Chandra L. Jackson
Summary: This study found that individuals with Alzheimer's disease living in lower income neighborhoods had more severe neuropsychiatric symptoms, while those living in rural communities had milder symptoms.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Jill A. Rabinowitz, Yang An, Linchen He, Alfonso J. Alfini, Vadim Zipunnikov, Mark N. Wu, Sarah K. Wanigatunga, Jennifer A. Schrack, Chandra L. Jackson, Luigi Ferrucci, Eleanor M. Simonsick, Susan M. Resnick, Adam P. Spira
Summary: This study examines the associations between circadian rest-activity rhythms (CRARs) and cognitive performance and change in middle-aged and older adults. It also explores the moderating effects of age, sex/gender, race, and APOE e4 carrier status on these associations.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Symielle A. Gaston, Nyree M. Riley, Christine G. Parks, Jennifer M. P. Woo, Dale P. Sandler, Chandra L. Jackson
Summary: This study found that childhood adversity is associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and type 2 diabetes risk in adulthood. However, existing studies have not investigated traumatic childhood experiences (TCEs) beyond abuse and neglect, while considering racial/ethnic differences.
Letter
Oncology
Che-Jung Chang, Katie M. O'Brien, Alexander P. Keil, Symielle A. Gaston, Chandra L. Jackson, Dale P. Sandler, Alexandra J. White
JNCI-JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Emily B. B. Kramer, Laurel A. A. Gaeddert, Christine L. L. Jackson, Trisha A. A. Hostetter, Jeri E. E. Forster, Sarra Nazem
Summary: This study aimed to examine the association between insomnia symptom severity and suicidal ideation (SI) in veterans with clinical comorbidity. Secondary data analyses of two online insomnia intervention trials showed that insomnia symptom severity was significantly correlated with comorbid mental health symptoms, but not with SI after controlling for demographics and clinical comorbidity. These findings suggest that insomnia symptom severity may not confer a unique risk for SI in veterans meeting diagnostic criteria for insomnia disorder.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Patrice C. Williams, Dana M. Alhasan, Symielle A. Gaston, Kionna L. Henderson, W. Braxton Jackson, Chandra L. Jackson
Summary: This study analyzed the data from a nationally representative sample in the U.S. and found an association between neighborhood social cohesion and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Low social cohesion was associated with a higher prevalence of diabetes. The association between social cohesion and diabetes varied among different age, gender, and racial/ethnic groups.
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Symielle A. Gaston, Rupsha Singh, Chandra L. Jackson
Article
Clinical Neurology
Marina R. Sweeney, Hazel B. Nichols, Rena R. Jones, Andrew F. Olshan, Alexander P. Keil, Lawrence S. Engel, Peter James, Dale P. Sandler, Alexandra J. White, Chandra L. Jackson
Summary: This study investigated the association between indoor light at night (such as TV, lights, nightlight) and sleep health dimensions. Results showed that sleeping with a TV on was associated with multiple poor sleep dimensions among US women, suggesting the negative impact of light exposure on sleep.